Design of a Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy System for On-Line Quality Analysis of Pulverized Coal in Power Plants

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 865-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wangbao Yin ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Lei Dong ◽  
Weiguang Ma ◽  
Suotang Jia
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Gas Cleaning ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
On Line

It is vitally important for a power plant to determine the chemical composition of coal prior to combustion in order to obtain optimal boiler control. In this work, a fully software-controlled laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) system comprising a LIBS apparatus and sampling equipment has been designed for possible application to power plants for on-line quality analysis of pulverized coal. Special attention was given to the LIBS system, the data processing methods (especially the normalization with Bode Rule/DC Level) and the specific settings (the software-controlled triggering source, high-pressure gas cleaning device, sample-preparation module, sampling module, etc.), which gave the best direct measurement for C, H, Si, Na, Mg, Fe, Al, and Ti with measurement errors less than 10% for pulverized coal. Therefore, the apparatus is accurate enough to be applied to industries for on-line monitoring of pulverized coal. The method of proximate analysis was also introduced and the experimental error of Aad (Ash, ‘ad’ is an abbreviation for ‘air dried’) was shown in the range of 2.29 to 13.47%. The programmable logic controller (PLC) controlled on-line coal sampling equipment, which is designed based upon aerodynamics, and is capable of performing multipoint sampling and sample-preparation operation.

Study on the spectral characteristics and analytical performance of pulverized coal using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy under a fast physical constraint

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiping Zhan ◽  
Ji Chen ◽  
Chao He ◽  
Zhiyang Tang ◽  
Qingzhou Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Analytical Performance ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Online Analysis ◽  
Physical Constraint ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Using a new sample preparation device to improve the online analysis capability of LIBS for pulverized coal.

Development of a Rapid Coal Analyzer Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 1225-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunchun Yao ◽  
Juehui Mo ◽  
Jingbo Zhao ◽  
Yuesheng Li ◽  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
Coal Quality ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Determination of coal quality plays a major role in coal-fired power plants and coal producers for optimizing the utilization efficiency and controlling the quality. In this work, a rapid coal analyzer based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was developed for rapid quality analysis of pulverized coal. The structure of the LIBS apparatus was introduced in detail. To avoid time-consuming and complicated sample preparation, a pulverized feeding machine was designed to form a continuously stable coal particle flow. The standard deviation (SD) of characteristic peaks was used to estimate the spectral valid data in this experiment. Coupled with cluster analysis, artificial neural networks and genetic algorithm are employed as a nonlinear regression method in order to indicate the relationship between coal quality and the corresponding plasma spectra. It is shown that the average absolute error of ash, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and gross calorific value for the validation set is 0.82%, 0.85%, 0.96%, and 0.48 MJ/kg. The average standard deviation of repeated samples is 1.64%, 0.92%, 1.08%, and 0.86 MJ/kg, showing a high sample-to-sample repeatability. This rapid coal analyzer is capable of performing reliable and accurate analysis of coal quality.

scholarly journals Quantitative imaging of carbon in heterogeneous refining catalysts

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 896-903
Author(s):  
L. Jolivet ◽  
V. Motto-Ros ◽  
L. Sorbier ◽  
T. Sozinho ◽  
C.-P. Lienemann
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalyst ◽  
Quantitative Imaging ◽  
Spectroscopy Method ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Catalyst Supports ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Data Acquisition And Processing

A laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy method, from sample preparation to data acquisition and processing, is proposed to quantitatively map carbon on heterogeneous catalyst supports.

Cement raw material quality analysis using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 2384-2390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hualiang Yin ◽  
Zongyu Hou ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Xiangjie Zhang ◽  
Zhe Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Material ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Standardization Method ◽  
Material Quality ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Cement Raw Material

The capability of LIBS analysis of the cement raw material is improved by using a new spectrum standardization method.

Determination of Copper in A533b Steel for the Assessment of Radiation Embrittlement Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang E. Ernst ◽  
Dave F. Farson ◽  
D. Jason Sames
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Radiation Embrittlement ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Determination of radiation embrittlement in nuclear reactor pressure vessels is crucial to assessing safe operative lifetimes for many aging nuclear power plants. Conservative nuclear fluence estimates and trace impurity diagnosis of the weldment material are the basis of radiation embrittlement analysis. Copper is thought to be a key impurity contributing to radiation embrittlement. In this paper, the application of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) as a means to assess radiation embrittlement by the detection and quantification of copper in A553b steel was investigated. A LIBS configuration completely coupled by fiber optics was attempted, but because of low laser power and fiber losses, fiber-optic delivery of the laser beam was unsuccessful. Consequently, hard optics (lenses and mirrors) were employed for laser beam delivery. The plasma emission was delivered successfully via fiber optics to the detection apparatus. Copper measurements were made from custom-fabricated steel samples. Comparison of the LIBS results to an independent atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) analysis showed LIBS to be of comparable accuracy, especially in low-level copper samples.

scholarly journals Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy of AL-Samples: Application to Chemical Analysis of Metallic Elementsf

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bescós ◽  
J. Castaño ◽  
A. González Ureña
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Minor Components ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Multichannel Analysis ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
On Line

This paper reports on the simultaneous detection of Mg, Mn, Fe and Pb in Al samples using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and optical multichannel analysis of the photoablated microplasma. Using calibrated samples, well characterized linear working curves were determined for these minor components over the 0.01–1% concentration range. In addition optimum experimental conditions were found that allow the analysis to be carded out in a fast and non-invasive manner. The potential application of the method to on-line industrial analysis is also suggested.

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for the On-Line Multielement Analysis of Highly Radioactive Glass Melt. Part I: Characterization and Evaluation of the Method

2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Il Yun ◽  
Reinhardt Klenze ◽  
Jae-Il Kim
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Range ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Plasma Temperature ◽  
Multielement Analysis ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
High Level Liquid Waste ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
On Line ◽  
Echelle Spectrometer

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is presented for the on-line multielement analysis of molten radioactive glass at a simulated vitrification process of high level liquid waste (HLLW). A plasma plume is produced by focusing the third harmonic of a Nd: YAG laser (λ = 355 nm) onto the glass melt surface at 1200 °C, and the plasma emission is guided via optical fiber and is characterized by an echelle spectrometer for the spectral range from 200 to 780 nm with a resolution of ±0.01 nm. Compared to a Czerny–Turner spectrometer, the echelle spectrometer appears distinctively superior for its broad operational spectral range and high resolution. The laser-induced plasma is found as optically thin and locally in thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) as characterized by measuring the electron density and plasma temperature. The matrix temperature effect on the spectral emission is observed as significant, increasing the emission line intensities with increasing temperature, but differently from element to element. The applicability of LIBS is demonstrated on a laboratory scale with an inactive simulated HLLW glass melt for various analytical characteristics concerned.

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for on-line control of laser cleaning of sandstone and stained glass

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Klein ◽  
T. Stratoudaki ◽  
V. Zafiropulos ◽  
J. Hildenhagen ◽  
K. Dickmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Cleaning ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Stained Glass ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
On Line
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