Development of Near-Infrared Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy for the Study of Biologically Active Macromolecules

1988 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1188-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Neil Lewis ◽  
V. F. Kalasinsky ◽  
Ira W. Levin
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Optical Design ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Raman

General advantages and potential limitations of Fourier transform (FT) Raman spectroscopy using Nd:YAG laser excitation at 1064 nm have been considered for both routine analysis and specific biophysical applications. Optical design and operating parameters which affect the quality and reproducibility of the data are discussed. Moderately high resolution spectra (0.25 cm−1) of liquids are obtained with relative ease, and the results are compared with dispersive spectra. Particular emphasis has been placed on applications to biological systems where intrinsic fluorescence has traditionally limited the use of dispersive Raman spectroscopy. As an example of a biophysical study, we demonstrate the utility of FT-Raman spectroscopy in elucidating the interactions of polyene antibiotics with model membrane lipid bilayers as a means of understanding novel drug/membrane interactions at the molecular level.

FT-Raman Spectroscopy at 1.339 Micrometers

1994 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 699-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly J. Asselin ◽  
Bruce Chase
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Copper Phthalocyanine ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Anti Stokes ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman ◽  
Ft Raman

The usual laser employed for Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy is a Nd:YAG unit lasing at 1.064 μm. In this work, use of the 1.339-μm lasing emission from Nd:YAG has been demonstrated. The sensitivity of this instrument is comparable to that of conventional FT-Raman instruments, and excellent anti-Stokes spectra can be easily obtained. Operation further into the near-infrared offers additional possibilities for fluorescence minimization. Results are shown for copper phthalocyanine.

The structure of the kaolinite minerals — a FT-Raman study

Clay Minerals ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Frost
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Kaolinite Clay ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman ◽  
Ft Raman

AbstractThe Fourier transform Raman spectra of the kaolinite minerals have been measured in the 50–3800 cm−1 region using near infrared spectroscopy. Kaolinites are characterized by remarkably intense bands in the 120–145 cm−1 region. These bands, attributed to the O-Si-O and O-Al-O symmetric bending modes, are both polymorph and orientation dependent. The 200–1200 cm−1 spectral range is a finger-print region for clay minerals and each kaolinite clay has its own characteristic spectrum. The structure of clays is fundamentally determined by the position of hydroxyl groups. Fourier-transform Raman spectroscopy readily enables the hydroxyl stretching region to be examined allowing identification of the component bands. The advantages of FT-Raman spectroscopy are shown to enhance the study of the kaolinite structure.

Potential of Near-Infrared Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy in Food Analysis

1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 1503-1507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Ozaki ◽  
R. Cho ◽  
K. Ikegaya ◽  
S. Muraishi ◽  
K. Kawauchi
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Food Analysis ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Ft Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Raman

The 1064-nm excited Fourier transform (FT) Raman spectra have been measured in situ for various foods in order to investigate the potential of near-infrared (NIR) FT-Raman spectroscopy in food analysis. It is demonstrated here that NIR FT-Raman spectroscopy is a very powerful technique for (1) detecting selectively the trace components in foodstuffs, (2) estimating the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids included in foods, (3) investigating the structure of food components, and (4) monitoring changes in the quality of foods. Carotenoids included in foods give two intense bands near 1530 and 1160 cm−1 via the pre-resonance Raman effect in the NIR FT-Raman spectra, and therefore, the NIR FT-Raman technique can be employed to detect them nondestructively. Foods consisting largely of lipids such as oils, tallow, and butter show bands near 1658 and 1443 cm−1 due to C=C stretching modes of cis unsaturated fatty acid parts and CH2 scissoring modes of saturated fatty acid parts, respectively. It has been found that there is a linear correlation for various kinds of lipid-containing foods between the iodine value (number) and the intensity ratio of two bands at 1658 and 1443 cm−1 ( I1658/ I1443), indicating that the ratio can be used as a practical indicator for estimating the unsaturation level of a wide range of lipid-containing foods. A comparison of the Raman spectra of raw and boiled egg white shows that the amide I band shifts from 1666 to 1677 cm−1 and the intensity of the amide III band at 1275 cm−1 decreases upon boiling. These observations indicate that most α-helix structure changes into unordered structure in the proteins constituting egg white upon boiling. The NIR FT-Raman spectrum of old-leaf (about one year old) Japanese tea has been compared with that of its new leaf. The intensity ratio of two bands at 1529 and 1446 cm−1 ( I1529/ I1446), assignable to carotenoid and proteins, respectively, is considerably smaller in the former than in the latter, indicating that the ratio is useful for monitoring the changes in the quality of Japanese tea.

Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy of Long-Chain Molecules Containing Strongly Absorbing Chromophores

1987 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Zimba ◽  
V. M. Hallmark ◽  
J. D. Swalen ◽  
J. F. Rabolt
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Excitation Spectra ◽  
Chain Molecules ◽  
Scattering Geometry ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman ◽  
Ft Raman

Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy shows considerable promise as a new characterization technique for molecules which contain chromophores which absorb in the visible region, the region where conventional Raman measurements are made. With the use of near-infrared excitation, spectra in the absence of fluorescence and resonance enhancement are obtained. These advantages can be further enhanced if the collection of data using this technique becomes routine, requiring a level of complexity comparable to that of conventional Raman scattering. Toward that end, the implementation of a 90° scattering geometry in our FT-Raman measurements was undertaken, and the results are shown to be at least comparable to those obtained with the use of reflective optics in a 180° geometry. A number of results on both liquids and solids have also been obtained in order to compare FT-Raman with conventional scanning Raman measurements.

Applications of Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy in an Industrial Laboratory

1989 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 516-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Bergin ◽  
H. F. Shurvell
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Laser Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Laser Raman ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman

In the past, the usefulness of laser Raman spectroscopy as an analytical technique in industrial laboratories has been greatly reduced by problems of laser-induced fluorescence. One method of circumventing this problem is to use near-infrared excitation coupled with a modified FT-IR spectrometer. In this paper, we report the results of some initial exploratory experiments which indicate that significant fluorescence rejection can be achieved. This fluorescence rejection opens up new areas of application for Raman spectroscopy. The advantages and limitations of FT-Raman spectroscopy are discussed. In addition, some initial experiments are outlined on Fourier transform Raman microscopy using a conventional microscope.

Adulteration of diesel/biodiesel blends by vegetable oil as determined by Fourier transform (FT) near infrared spectrometry and FT-Raman spectroscopy

2007 ◽  
Vol 587 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia C.C. Oliveira ◽  
Christian R.R. Brandão ◽  
Hugo F. Ramalho ◽  
Leonardo A.F. da Costa ◽  
Paulo A.Z. Suarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Ft Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Ft Raman

Nondestructive Discrimination of Biological Materials by Near-Infrared Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy and Chemometrics: Discrimination among Hard and Soft Ivories of African Elephants and Mammoth Tusks and Prediction of Specific Gravity of the Ivories

1997 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 1154-1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiko Shimoyama ◽  
Hisashi Maeda ◽  
Hidetoshi Sato ◽  
Toshio Ninomiya ◽  
Yukihiro Ozaki
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Biological Materials ◽  
Calibration Model ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Raman

This paper demonstrates the usefulness of near-infrared (NIR) Fourier transform (FT) Raman spectroscopy and chemometrics in nondestructive discrimination of biological materials. The discrimination among three kinds of materials—hard ivories, soft ivories, and mammoth tusks—has been investigated as an example. NIR (1064-nm) excited FT-Raman spectra were measured in situ for these materials, and principal component analysis (PCA) of the obtained spectra was carried out over the 1800–400-cm−1 region. The two kinds of ivories are clearly discriminated from one another on the basis of a one-factor plot. It was found that treatment of the Raman data by multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) greatly improves the ability to discriminate. Principal component weight loadings show that the discrimination relies upon the ratio of collagen and hydroxyapatite included in two kinds of ivories. The discrimination among the hard and soft ivories and mammoth tusks was made by a three-factor plot for FT-Raman spectra after the MSC treatments. Partial least-squares regression (PLSR) enabled us to make a calibration model which predicts the specific gravity of the hard and soft ivories.

scholarly journals Assessment of Biotechnologically Important Filamentous Fungal Biomass by Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 6710
Author(s):  
Simona Dzurendová ◽  
Volha Shapaval ◽  
Valeria Tafintseva ◽  
Achim Kohler ◽  
Dana Byrtusová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Fungal Biomass ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Spectral Variation ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Raman

Oleaginous filamentous fungi can accumulate large amount of cellular lipids and biopolymers and pigments and potentially serve as a major source of biochemicals for food, feed, chemical, pharmaceutical, and transport industries. We assessed suitability of Fourier transform (FT) Raman spectroscopy for screening and process monitoring of filamentous fungi in biotechnology. Six Mucoromycota strains were cultivated in microbioreactors under six growth conditions (three phosphate concentrations in the presence and absence of calcium). FT-Raman and FT-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic data was assessed in respect to reference analyses of lipids, phosphorus, and carotenoids by using principal component analysis (PCA), multiblock or consensus PCA, partial least square regression (PLSR), and analysis of spectral variation due to different design factors by an ANOVA model. All main chemical biomass constituents were detected by FT-Raman spectroscopy, including lipids, proteins, cell wall carbohydrates, and polyphosphates, and carotenoids. FT-Raman spectra clearly show the effect of growth conditions on fungal biomass. PLSR models with high coefficients of determination (0.83–0.94) and low error (approximately 8%) for quantitative determination of total lipids, phosphates, and carotenoids were established. FT-Raman spectroscopy showed great potential for chemical analysis of biomass of oleaginous filamentous fungi. The study demonstrates that FT-Raman and FTIR spectroscopies provide complementary information on main fungal biomass constituents.

Biological applications of near- IR fourier-transform Raman microspectroscopy

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1530-1531
Author(s):  
Yukihiro Ozaki
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Photosynthetic Bacteria ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Raman Microspectroscopy ◽  
Excitation Wavelength ◽  
Near Ir ◽  
Ft Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Sample Position ◽  
Ft Raman

Recently-developed near-infrared Fourier transform (FT)-Raman spectroscopy has received keen interest of researchers in bio-Raman field because near-infrared excitation can avoid mostly fluorescence and photodecomposition, which have been two major drawbacks of Raman spectroscopy in its biological and medical applications. Introduction of FT-Raman microspectroscopy makes near-infrared FT-Raman spectroscopy more useful for studying biomedical materials. The purpose of the present paper is to demonstrate the potential of near-infrared FT-Raman microspectroscopy in nondestructive structural analysis of biological systems. Photosynthetic bacteria is taken up here as an example.The FT-Raman spectra of the photosynthetic bacteria were measured with a JEOL JRS-FT6500N FT-Raman spectrometer equipped with an optical microscopy. Excitation wavelength at 1064-nm was provided by a CW Nd:YAG laser (CVI YAGMAX c-92), and the laser power at the sample position was typically 150 mW. All the data were collected at a spectral resolution of 8 cm-1 and spatial resolution of 8 μm.

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