scholarly journals Assessment of Biotechnologically Important Filamentous Fungal Biomass by Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 6710
Author(s):  
Simona Dzurendová ◽  
Volha Shapaval ◽  
Valeria Tafintseva ◽  
Achim Kohler ◽  
Dana Byrtusová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Fungal Biomass ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Spectral Variation ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Raman

Oleaginous filamentous fungi can accumulate large amount of cellular lipids and biopolymers and pigments and potentially serve as a major source of biochemicals for food, feed, chemical, pharmaceutical, and transport industries. We assessed suitability of Fourier transform (FT) Raman spectroscopy for screening and process monitoring of filamentous fungi in biotechnology. Six Mucoromycota strains were cultivated in microbioreactors under six growth conditions (three phosphate concentrations in the presence and absence of calcium). FT-Raman and FT-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic data was assessed in respect to reference analyses of lipids, phosphorus, and carotenoids by using principal component analysis (PCA), multiblock or consensus PCA, partial least square regression (PLSR), and analysis of spectral variation due to different design factors by an ANOVA model. All main chemical biomass constituents were detected by FT-Raman spectroscopy, including lipids, proteins, cell wall carbohydrates, and polyphosphates, and carotenoids. FT-Raman spectra clearly show the effect of growth conditions on fungal biomass. PLSR models with high coefficients of determination (0.83–0.94) and low error (approximately 8%) for quantitative determination of total lipids, phosphates, and carotenoids were established. FT-Raman spectroscopy showed great potential for chemical analysis of biomass of oleaginous filamentous fungi. The study demonstrates that FT-Raman and FTIR spectroscopies provide complementary information on main fungal biomass constituents.

FT-Raman Spectroscopy at 1.339 Micrometers

1994 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 699-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly J. Asselin ◽  
Bruce Chase
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Copper Phthalocyanine ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Anti Stokes ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman ◽  
Ft Raman

The usual laser employed for Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy is a Nd:YAG unit lasing at 1.064 μm. In this work, use of the 1.339-μm lasing emission from Nd:YAG has been demonstrated. The sensitivity of this instrument is comparable to that of conventional FT-Raman instruments, and excellent anti-Stokes spectra can be easily obtained. Operation further into the near-infrared offers additional possibilities for fluorescence minimization. Results are shown for copper phthalocyanine.

The structure of the kaolinite minerals — a FT-Raman study

Clay Minerals ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Frost
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Kaolinite Clay ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman ◽  
Ft Raman

AbstractThe Fourier transform Raman spectra of the kaolinite minerals have been measured in the 50–3800 cm−1 region using near infrared spectroscopy. Kaolinites are characterized by remarkably intense bands in the 120–145 cm−1 region. These bands, attributed to the O-Si-O and O-Al-O symmetric bending modes, are both polymorph and orientation dependent. The 200–1200 cm−1 spectral range is a finger-print region for clay minerals and each kaolinite clay has its own characteristic spectrum. The structure of clays is fundamentally determined by the position of hydroxyl groups. Fourier-transform Raman spectroscopy readily enables the hydroxyl stretching region to be examined allowing identification of the component bands. The advantages of FT-Raman spectroscopy are shown to enhance the study of the kaolinite structure.

Development of Near-Infrared Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy for the Study of Biologically Active Macromolecules

1988 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1188-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Neil Lewis ◽  
V. F. Kalasinsky ◽  
Ira W. Levin
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Optical Design ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Raman

General advantages and potential limitations of Fourier transform (FT) Raman spectroscopy using Nd:YAG laser excitation at 1064 nm have been considered for both routine analysis and specific biophysical applications. Optical design and operating parameters which affect the quality and reproducibility of the data are discussed. Moderately high resolution spectra (0.25 cm−1) of liquids are obtained with relative ease, and the results are compared with dispersive spectra. Particular emphasis has been placed on applications to biological systems where intrinsic fluorescence has traditionally limited the use of dispersive Raman spectroscopy. As an example of a biophysical study, we demonstrate the utility of FT-Raman spectroscopy in elucidating the interactions of polyene antibiotics with model membrane lipid bilayers as a means of understanding novel drug/membrane interactions at the molecular level.

Observation of Picosecond Transient Raman Spectra by Asynchronous Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy

1998 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Sakamoto ◽  
Hiromi Okamoto ◽  
Mitsuo Tasumi
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Signal Processing ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Light Pulse ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Probe Laser ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Raman

Asynchronous Fourier transform (FT) Raman spectroscopy with 100 picosecond time resolution has been developed. A signal-processing assembly required for time-resolved and transient Raman measurements consists of a picosecond Nd:YLF laser system, a gate circuit, and a low-pass filter, and it can be attached to any conventional continuous-scan FT-Raman spectrophotometer. The principle of signal processing employed in this method is almost the same as that of asynchronous pulsed-laser-excited FT-Raman spectroscopy. This method does not require synchronization between Raman excitation by probe laser pulses and sampling by the analog-to-digital converter. Transient Raman spectra have been obtained from the first excited singlet state of three anthracene derivatives in cyclohexane solutions and photoexcited poly( p-phenylenevinylene) [(C6H4CH=CH) n] by using 351 nm light (pulse width ã 70 ps) for photoexcitation and 1053 nm light (pulse width ã 100 ps) for Raman excitation.

Potential of Near-Infrared Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy in Food Analysis

1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 1503-1507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Ozaki ◽  
R. Cho ◽  
K. Ikegaya ◽  
S. Muraishi ◽  
K. Kawauchi
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Food Analysis ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Ft Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Raman

The 1064-nm excited Fourier transform (FT) Raman spectra have been measured in situ for various foods in order to investigate the potential of near-infrared (NIR) FT-Raman spectroscopy in food analysis. It is demonstrated here that NIR FT-Raman spectroscopy is a very powerful technique for (1) detecting selectively the trace components in foodstuffs, (2) estimating the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids included in foods, (3) investigating the structure of food components, and (4) monitoring changes in the quality of foods. Carotenoids included in foods give two intense bands near 1530 and 1160 cm−1 via the pre-resonance Raman effect in the NIR FT-Raman spectra, and therefore, the NIR FT-Raman technique can be employed to detect them nondestructively. Foods consisting largely of lipids such as oils, tallow, and butter show bands near 1658 and 1443 cm−1 due to C=C stretching modes of cis unsaturated fatty acid parts and CH2 scissoring modes of saturated fatty acid parts, respectively. It has been found that there is a linear correlation for various kinds of lipid-containing foods between the iodine value (number) and the intensity ratio of two bands at 1658 and 1443 cm−1 ( I1658/ I1443), indicating that the ratio can be used as a practical indicator for estimating the unsaturation level of a wide range of lipid-containing foods. A comparison of the Raman spectra of raw and boiled egg white shows that the amide I band shifts from 1666 to 1677 cm−1 and the intensity of the amide III band at 1275 cm−1 decreases upon boiling. These observations indicate that most α-helix structure changes into unordered structure in the proteins constituting egg white upon boiling. The NIR FT-Raman spectrum of old-leaf (about one year old) Japanese tea has been compared with that of its new leaf. The intensity ratio of two bands at 1529 and 1446 cm−1 ( I1529/ I1446), assignable to carotenoid and proteins, respectively, is considerably smaller in the former than in the latter, indicating that the ratio is useful for monitoring the changes in the quality of Japanese tea.

Analysis of Prostatic Stent Encrustation and of Entrapped Urinary Stone Using FT-IR and FT-Raman Spectroscopy

2000 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Kontoyannis ◽  
N. Bouropoulos ◽  
H. H. Dauaher ◽  
C. Bouropoulos ◽  
N. V. Vagenas
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate ◽  
Urinary Stone ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman ◽  
Ammonium Urate

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy (FT-RS) were used in order to characterize the encrusted deposits formed on a metallic thermosensitive prostatic stent. A 4 mm urinary stone entrapped within the lumen was also analyzed. Six different substances, a very rare occurrence, were detected, yielding complex spectra. Struvite (STR), hydroxyapatite (HAP), calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), potassium urate (PU), and ammonium urate (AU) were the main components of concretion formed on the metal surface. STR and PU were detected on the 0.2 mm external surface of the stone, while the 3.8 mm core was found to be uric acid (UA). The broad and overlapping FT-IR bands of STR and COM made their identification difficult, while the detection of HAP was hindered by the presence of numerous urates bands, which, on the other hand, were used for the discrimination among UA, AU, and PU. Raman spectroscopy proved to be more sensitive to urate presence than did FT-IR, while the identification of STR, COM, and HAP was easier for FT-RS but more difficult with respect to AU and UA since all their bands, but three, coincide. A combination of the two techniques was necessary for the qualitative analysis of the encrustation and the stone.

Signal-to-Noise Considerations in FT-Raman Spectroscopy

1989 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 778-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Everall ◽  
J. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Shot Noise ◽  
Noise Equivalent Power ◽  
Raman Signal ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Ft Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Raman

A simplified theoretical analysis of the S/N performance of Fourier transform (FT) Raman spectrometers compared with conventional scanning machines is presented. Calculations indicate that the multiplex gain may be significantly degraded due to the shot noise from the Raman signal, and this situation is exacerbated when Rayleigh radiation reaches the detector. It is expected that use of detectors with a noise equivalent power of 10−15 W would largely eliminate any multiplex gain in FT-Raman spectroscopy.

FT-Raman Spectroscopic Study of Decorated Stained Glass

1998 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 679-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. M. Edwards ◽  
J. K. F. Tait
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Stained Glass ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic Study ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Ft Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Raman

Two samples of decorated stained glass (14th century and 19th century) from Southwell Minster, Nottinghamshire, U.K. have been examined with the use of Fourier transform (FT)-Raman spectroscopy. The pigment used in both cases has been identified as red ochre, and the potential application of FT-Raman spectroscopy to an important area of conservation and restoration of glass artifacts is demonstrated.

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