scholarly journals North American Culex pipiens and Culex quinquefasciatus are competent vectors for Usutu virus

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. e0006732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian L. Cook ◽  
Yan-Jang S. Huang ◽  
Amy C. Lyons ◽  
Barry W. Alto ◽  
Isik Unlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
North American ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Usutu Virus

scholarly journals Comparative Vector Competence of North American Culex pipiens and Culex quinquefasciatus for African and European Lineage 2 West Nile Viruses

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 1863-1869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Romo ◽  
Anna Papa ◽  
Rebekah Kading ◽  
Rebecca Clark ◽  
Mark Delorey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
North American ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Lineage 2

scholarly journals Gonoactivity of Culex (Culex) (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes During Winter in Temperate Argentina

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Florencia Branda ◽  
Magdalena Laurito ◽  
Andrés Mario Visintin ◽  
Walter Ricardo Almirón
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Dry Ice ◽  
Culex Pipiens Pipiens ◽  
Host Seeking ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
The City

Abstract The subgenus Culex L. includes species involved in summer–autumn arbovirus transmission but studies during winter are scarce in temperate Argentina. Female specimens were collected host-seeking at dry-ice-baited traps during autumn–winter–spring at two sites in Córdoba City during 2016 and 2017. The specimens were morphologically identified and dissected to determine the follicular developmental stage (gonotrophic activity). Females with advanced follicular stages (≥III) were subjected to molecular procedures to confirm or re-identify previous morphological identification. Five species (Culex apicinus Philippi (Diptera: Culicidae), Culex dolosus (Lynch-Arribálzaga) (Diptera: Culicidae), Culex maxi Dyar (Diptera: Culicidae), Culex pipiens pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae), and Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae)) were collected and found gonoactive during winter; showing that a high proportion of Culex (Culex) females remain reproductively active during the unfavorable season for mosquito populations. Among them, it is worth noting the collection of Cx. quinquefasciatus, vector of the St. Louis encephalitis virus (endemic in the city), a specimen of Cx. p. pipiens, and a hybrid of Cx. p. pipiens/Cx. quinquefasciatus (during autumn). The study of this community during winter should continue because a high gonoactive female proportion with advanced follicular stages was found: 29.12 and 13.07% in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Local studies such as this one provide evidence about ornithophilic Culex species with active year-round life cycles, species that could favor arbovirus overwintering.

scholarly journals Screening of Mosquitoes for West Nile Virus and Usutu Virus in Croatia, 2015–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Ana Klobucar ◽  
Vladimir Savic ◽  
Marcela Curman Posavec ◽  
Suncica Petrinic ◽  
Urska Kuhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Usutu Virus ◽  
Culex Pipiens Complex ◽  
Mammalian Origin ◽  
Mosquito Pool ◽  
The City ◽  
Generation Sequencing

In the period from 2015 to 2020, an entomological survey for the presence of West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV) in mosquitoes was performed in northwestern Croatia. A total of 20,363 mosquitoes were sampled in the City of Zagreb and Međimurje county, grouped in 899 pools and tested by real-time RT-PCR for WNV and USUV RNA. All pools were negative for WNV while one pool each from 2016 (Aedes albopictus), 2017 (Culex pipiens complex), 2018 (Cx. pipiens complex), and 2019 (Cx. pipiens complex), respectively, was positive for USUV. The 2018 and 2019 positive pools shared 99.31% nucleotide homology within the USUV NS5 gene and both clustered within USUV Europe 2 lineage. The next-generation sequencing of one mosquito pool (Cx. pipiens complex) collected in 2018 in Zagreb confirmed the presence of USUV and revealed several dsDNA and ssRNA viruses of insect, bacterial and mammalian origin.

Emergence of two Usutu virus lineages in Culex pipiens mosquitoes in the Camargue, France, 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 151-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Eiden ◽  
Patricia Gil ◽  
Ute Ziegler ◽  
Ignace Rakotoarivony ◽  
Albane Marie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Usutu Virus

scholarly journals Multiple Lineages of Usutu Virus (Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) in Blackbirds (Turdus merula) and Mosquitoes (Culex pipiens, Cx. modestus) in the Czech Republic (2016–2019)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaclav Hönig ◽  
Martin Palus ◽  
Tomas Kaspar ◽  
Marta Zemanova ◽  
Karolina Majerova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
African Origin ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Usutu Virus ◽  
Turdus Merula ◽  
Diverse Species ◽  
Natural Hosts ◽  
South Bohemia

Usutu virus (USUV) is a flavivirus (Flaviviridae: Flavivirus) of an African origin transmitted among its natural hosts (diverse species of birds) by mosquitoes. The virus was introduced multiple times to Europe where it caused mortality of blackbirds (Turdus merula) and certain other susceptible species of birds. In this study, we report detection of USUV RNA in blackbirds, Culex pipiens and Cx. modestus mosquitoes in the Czech Republic, and isolation of 10 new Czech USUV strains from carcasses of blackbirds in cell culture. Multiple lineages (Europe 1, 2 and Africa 3) of USUV were found in blackbirds and mosquitoes in the southeastern part of the country. A single USUV lineage (Europe 3) was found in Prague and was likely associated with increased mortalities in the local blackbird population seen in this area in 2018. USUV genomic RNA (lineage Europe 2) was detected in a pool of Cx. pipiens mosquitoes from South Bohemia (southern part of the country), where no major mortality of birds has been reported so far, and no flavivirus RNA has been found in randomly sampled cadavers of blackbirds. The obtained data contributes to our knowledge about USUV genetic variability, distribution and spread in Central Europe.

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