scholarly journals Effector Genomics Accelerates Discovery and Functional Profiling of Potato Disease Resistance and Phytophthora Infestans Avirulence Genes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. e2875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivianne G. A. A. Vleeshouwers ◽  
Hendrik Rietman ◽  
Pavel Krenek ◽  
Nicolas Champouret ◽  
Carolyn Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Avirulence Genes ◽  
Potato Disease ◽  
Functional Profiling

New Findings on the Resistance Mechanism of an Elite Diploid Wild Potato Species JAM1-4 in Response to a Super Race Strain of Phytophthora infestans

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (8) ◽  
pp. 1375-1387
Author(s):  
Jiayi Zheng ◽  
Shaoguang Duan ◽  
Miles R. Armstrong ◽  
Yanfeng Duan ◽  
Jianfei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Potato Disease ◽  
New Findings

Late blight is a devastating potato disease worldwide, caused by Phytophthora infestans. The P. infestans strain 2013-18-306 from Yunnan is a “supervirulent race” that overcomes all 11 known late blight resistance genes (R1 to R11) from Solanum demissum. In a previous study, we identified a diploid wild-type potato JAM1-4 (S. jamesii) with high resistance to 2013-18-306. dRenSeq analysis indicated the presence of novel R genes in JAM1-4. RNA-Seq was used to analyze the late blight resistance response genes and defense regulatory mechanisms of JAM1-4 against 2013-18-306. Gene ontology enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis showed that many disease-resistant pathways were significantly enriched. Analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed an active disease resistance mechanism of JAM1-4, and the essential role of multiple signal transduction pathways and secondary metabolic pathways comprised of SA-JA-ET in plant immunity. We also found that photosynthesis in JAM1-4 was inhibited to promote the immune response. Our study reveals the pattern of resistance-related gene expression in response to a super race strain of potato late blight and provides a theoretical basis for further exploration of potato disease resistance mechanisms, discovery of new late blight resistance genes, and disease resistance breeding.

A Disease Resistance Gene in Arabidopsis with Specificity for Two Different Pathogen Avirulence Genes

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 927
Author(s):  
Sherryl R. Bisgrove ◽  
Michael T. Simonich ◽  
Nadine M. Smith ◽  
Airlie Sattler ◽  
Roger W. Innes
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Disease Resistance Gene ◽  
Avirulence Genes

IV.—Inheritance of Resistance to Two Strains of Blight (Phytophthora infestans de Bary) in Potatoes

1944 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Black
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Breeding Work ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Breeding Station ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Plant Breeding Station

The existence in Mexico of blight-resistant species of potato has been known for many years, but they occur in the wild and are quite unsuitable for agricultural purposes. In order to utilise their resistance to disease it is necessary to combine disease resistance with the cropping qualities of cultivated forms while eliminating the undesirable characters which are prominent in the wild forms. Breeding work with this object in view has been in progress at the Scottish Plant Breeding Station for several years, and results obtained in the course of testing progenies for reaction to blight infection are discussed in the following pages.

scholarly journals Host Specificity of Phytophthora infestans on Tomato and Potato in Ecuador

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Oyarzun ◽  
A. Pozo ◽  
M. E. Ordoñez ◽  
K. Doucett ◽  
G. A. Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Clonal Lineage ◽  
Avirulence Genes ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Haplotype ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Globally Distributed ◽  
Allozyme Genotype ◽  
Specific Virulence

Sixty Ecuadorian isolates of Phytophthora infestans from potato and 60 isolates from tomato were compared for dilocus allozyme genotype, mitochondrial DNA haplotype, mating type, and specific virulence on 11 potato R-gene differential plants and four tomato cultivars, two of which contained different Ph genes. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) fingerprints of subsamples of isolates from each host were compared by using RG57 as the probe. All potato isolates had the allozyme genotype, haplotype, and mating type of the clonal lineage EC-1, which had been previously described in Ecuador. With the same markers, only one isolate from tomato was classified as EC-1; all others belonged to the globally distributed US-1 clonal lineage. RFLP fingerprints of isolate subsets corroborated this clonal lineage classification. Specific virulence on potato differentials was broadest among potato isolates, while specific virulence on tomato cultivars was broadest among tomato isolates. Some tomato isolates infected all tomato differentials but no potato differentials, indicating that specific virulence for the two hosts is probably controlled by different avirulence genes in P. infestans. In two separate experiments, the diameters of lesions caused by nine isolates from potato and 10 from tomato were compared on three tomato and three potato cultivars. All isolates produced larger lesions on the host from which they were isolated. No isolates were found that were highly aggressive on both tomato and potato. We conclude that there are two different populations of P. infestans in Ecuador and that they are separated by host.

XVII.—Inheritance of Resistance to Blight (Phytophthora infestans) in Potatoes: Inter-Relationships of Genes and Strains

1951 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Black
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Hypersensitive Response ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Common

SynopsisThe common strain and six specialised strains of Phytophthora infestans have been employed in testing potato varieties and seedling progenies bred from the wild species S. demissum for resistance to the disease. Resistance, due to the hypersensitive condition of the protoplasm, is manifested in the presence of major genes, and four such genes have been identified, viz. R1, R2, R3 and R4. Each gene induces in the plant a hypersensitive response to infection with the common strain and with a particular group of specialised strains of the parasite. The genes are inherited independently in simple Mendelian fashion, but in the segregations three different types of deviations from standard disomic ratios occur due to (a) unpaired chromosomes, (b) incompatibility factors, and (c) partial autosyndesis. A series of minor genes modify the phenotypic expression of the major gene system and so differentiate grades of hypersensitivity or of susceptibility as the case may be.The common strain of P. infestans appears to be a population persisting at an equilibrium determined by host range and environmental conditions. Mutations frequently occur, but new forms survive only when host genotypes, to which they are specially adapted, are available.

scholarly journals Soybean resistance genes specific for different Pseudomonas syringae avirulence genes are allelic, or closely linked, at the RPG1 locus.

Genetics ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 141 (4) ◽  
pp. 1597-1604 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Ashfield ◽  
N T Keen ◽  
R I Buzzell ◽  
R W Innes
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Disease Resistance Genes ◽  
Avirulence Gene ◽  
Avirulence Genes ◽  
Soybean Resistance

Abstract RPG1 and RPM1 are disease resistance genes in soybean and Arabidopsis, respectively, that confer resistance to Pseudomonas syringae strains expressing the avirulence gene avrB. RPM1 has recently been demonstrated to have a second specificity, also conferring resistance to P. syringae strains expressing avrRpm1. Here we show that alleles, or closely linked genes, exist at the RPG1 locus in soybean that are specific for either avrB or avrRpm1 and thus can distinguish between these two avirulence genes.

scholarly journals Response of An R Gene Pyramided Potato Genotype to Infection With Phytophthora Infestans

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelmoumen TAOUTAOU ◽  
Carmen SOCACIU ◽  
Doru PAMFIL ◽  
Erika BALAZS ◽  
Constantin BOTEZ
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Gene Pyramiding ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
R Gene ◽  
Potato Disease ◽  
Suitable Solution ◽  
Potato Genotype ◽  
Late Blight Disease ◽  
Blight Disease

Phytophthora infestans is the most important potato disease. It is a hemibiotrophic pathogen, with a high evolution capacity. Resistance breeding is thought to be the most suitable solution. Gene pyramiding is advanced as a solution for late blight disease.

scholarly journals Chromosomal Deletion in Isolates of Phytophthora infestans Correlates with Virulence on R3, R10, and R11 Potato Lines

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1444-1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theo van der Lee ◽  
Antonino Testa ◽  
John van 't Klooster ◽  
Grardy van den Berg-Velthuis ◽  
Francine Govers
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Mapping Population ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Group Viii ◽  
Avirulence Genes ◽  
Field Isolates ◽  
F1 Progeny ◽  
Mexican Strains

In Phytophthora infestans, a cluster of three dominant avirulence genes is located on the distal part of linkage group VIII. In a mapping population from a cross between two Dutch field isolates, probe M5.1, derived from an amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) marker linked to the Avr3-Avr10-Avr11 cluster, hybridized only to DNA from the parent and F1 progeny that is avirulent on potato lines carrying the R3, R10, and R11 resistance gene. In the virulent parent and the virulent progeny, no M5.1 homologue was detected, demonstrating a deletion on that part of linkage group VIII. P. infestans is diploid, so the avirulent strains must be hemizygous for the region concerned. A similar situation was found in another mapping population from two Mexican strains. The deletion was also found to occur in many field isolates. In a large set of unique isolates collected in The Netherlands from 1980 to 1991, 37% had no M5.1 homologue and the deletion correlated strongly with gain of virulence on potato lines carrying R3, R10, and R11. Also, in some old isolates that belong to a single clonal lineage (US-1) and are thus highly homogenous, deletions at the M5.1 locus were detected, indicating that this region is unstable.

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