scholarly journals Socioeconomic inequalities in skilled birth attendance and child stunting in selected low and middle income countries: Wealth quintiles or deciles?

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. e0174823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry L. M. Wong ◽  
María Clara Restrepo-Méndez ◽  
Aluísio J. D. Barros ◽  
Cesar G. Victora
Keyword(s):  
Skilled Birth Attendance ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Child Stunting ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Birth Attendance ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Socioeconomic inequalities in unhealthy lifestyles in low- and middle-income countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Dieteren ◽  
Igna Bonfrer
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Harmful Alcohol ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Background: The heavy and ever rising burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) warrants interventions to reduce unhealthy lifestyles. To effectively target these interventions, it is important to know how unhealthy lifestyles vary with socioeconomic characteristics. This study quantifies prevalence and socioeconomic inequalities in unhealthy lifestyles in LMICs, to identify policy priorities conducive to the Sustainable Development Goal of a one third reduction in deaths from NCDs by 2030.Methods: Data from 1,278,624 adult respondents to Demographic & Health Surveys across 22 LMICs between 2013 and 2018 are used to estimate crude prevalence rates and socioeconomic inequalities in tobacco use, overweight, harmful alcohol use and the clustering of these three in a household. Inequalities are measured by a concentration index and correlated with the percentage of GDP spent on health. We estimate a multilevel model to examine associations of individual characteristics with different unhealthy lifestyles.Results: The prevalence of tobacco use among men ranges from 59.6% (Armenia) to 6.6% (Nigeria). The highest level of overweight among women is 83.7% (Egypt) while this is less than 12% in Burundi, Chad and Timor-Leste. 82.5% of women in Burundi report that their partner is “often or sometimes drunk” compared to 1.3% in Gambia. Tobacco use is concentrated among the poor, except for the low share of men smoking in Nigeria. Overweight, however, is concentrated among the better off, especially in Tanzania and Zimbabwe (Erreygers Index (EI) 0.227 and 0.232). Harmful alcohol use is more concentrated among the better off in Nigeria (EI 0.127), while Chad, Rwanda and Togo show an unequal pro-poor distribution (EI respectively -0.147, -0.210, -0.266). Cambodia exhibits the largest socioeconomic inequality in unhealthy household behaviour (EI -0.253). The multilevel analyses confirm that in LMICs, tobacco and alcohol use are largely concentrated among the poor, while overweight is concentrated among the better-off.Conclusions: This study emphasizes the importance of unhealthy lifestyles in LMICs and the socioeconomic variation therein. Given the different socioeconomic patterns in unhealthy lifestyles - overweight patters in LMICs differ considerably from those in high income countries- tailored interventions towards specific high-risk populations are warranted.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Inequalities Persist Despite Declining Stunting Prevalence in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 148 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inácio Crochemore M da Silva ◽  
Giovanny V França ◽  
Aluisio JD Barros ◽  
Agbessi Amouzou ◽  
Julia Krasevec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

scholarly journals Inequalities in Antenatal Care Coverage and Quality: an Analysis From 63 Low and Middle-income Countries Using the ANCq Content-qualified Coverage Indicator

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Arroyave ◽  
Ghada E Saad ◽  
Cesar G Victora ◽  
Aluisio J D Barros
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is an essential intervention associated with a reduction of maternal and new-born morbidity and mortality. However, evidence suggested substantial inequalities in maternal and child health, mainly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We aimed to conduct a global analysis of socioeconomic inequalities in ANC using national surveys from LMICs.Methods: ANC was measured using the ANCq, a novel content-qualified ANC coverage indicator, created and validated using national surveys, based upon contact with the health services and content of care received. We performed stratified analysis to explore the socioeconomic inequalities in ANCq. We also estimated the slope index of inequality, which measures the difference in coverage along the wealth spectrum. Results: We analyzed 63 national surveys carried out from 2010 to 2017. There were large inequalities between and within countries. Higher ANCq scores were observed among women living in urban areas, with secondary or more level of education, belonging to wealthier families and with higher empowerment in nearly all countries. Countries with higher ANCq mean presented lower inequalities; while countries with average ANCq scores presented wide range of inequality, with some managing to achieve very low inequality.Conclusions: Despite all efforts in ANC programs, important inequalities in coverage and quality of ANC services persist. If maternal and child mortality Sustainable Development Goals are to be achieved, those gaps we documented must be bridged.

Does a phone text message improve focused antenatal care visit and skill birth attendance in low and middle income countries? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fasil Wagnew ◽  
Getenet Ayalew Dessie1 ◽  
Animut Ayalew Alebel ◽  
Henok Teshome Mulugeta ◽  
Amanuel Abajobir Alemu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Skilled Birth Attendance ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Birth Attendance ◽  
Focused Antenatal Care

BACKGROUND Background: Missed appointments are a major cause of inefficiency in healthcare delivery. MHealth has been projected as a possible solution to support women during pregnancy, birth and puerperium period, to increase the uptake of essential maternal services. OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of phone text messaging on Focused Antenatal Care (FANC) visits and skilled birth attendance in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs). METHODS We searched a broad body of literature from electronic databases–Cochrane review, PsycINFO, PubMed and Google Scholar to offer comprehensive evidence on the role of phone text messaging on FANC visits and skilled birth attendance. We extracted data from only randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Meta-analyses were conducted using random-effects models with inverse variance method in Review Manager (RevMan) computer software. Qualities of the included studies were determined by GRADEpro, and risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool. RESULTS Result: Of the 1,224 non-duplicated articles screened, only 7 RCT studies met eligibility criteria and included in this synthesis. On aggregate, there were statistically significant associations in experimental group in that pregnant mothers who received text messaging had a 74% increase in FANC visits (OR = 2.74 (95% CI: 1.41, 5.32) and 82% in skilled birth attendance (OR = 1.82 (95% CI: 1.33, 2.49). The overall qualities of included studies were moderate, and had low risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS Conclusion: Phone text messaging has positive effects for the uptake of FANC visits and skill birth attendance in LMICs. A short messaging service targeting pregnant woman is an invaluable, affordable intervention to improve maternal healthcare seeking behaviors. CLINICALTRIAL Not applicable

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document