Effect of flaxseed on systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic rats with or without chronic kidney disease

Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are common causes of morbidity and mortality. Flaxseed contains several bioactive compounds that have been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible effect of flaxseed in diabetic rats with adenine–induced CKD. Methods Male Wister rats (n = 48) were randomly divided into seven equal groups and treated for 33 consecutive days as follows: G1: control. G2 adenine, G3: streptozotocin (STZ), G4: flaxseed, G5: adenine+flaxseed, G6: STZ+flaxseed, G7: adenine+STZ+flaxseed). DM or CKD were experimentally induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) or by adenine via oral gavage, respectively. Results Rats fed adenine alone exhibited several changes including decreased body weight, increased food and water intake and urine output, increased urinary albumin/creatinine ratio. They also showed an increase in plasma urea and, creatinine, indoxyl sulfate, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cystatin C, and a decrease in renalase activity. These were associated with significant changes in inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers, e.g., increase in 8-isoprostane, 8 -hydroxy -2-deoxy guanosine and decrease in antioxidant enzymes, as well as increase in interleukins 1β and 6, and NF-κB, and a decrease in interlukin-10. Histopathologically, there was increased tubular necrosis and fibrosis. Concomitant administration of adenine and STZ further worsened the renal damage induced by adenine alone. Flaxseed significantly ameliorated the changes caused by adenine and STZ, given either singly or in combination. Conclusion These findings suggest that flaxseed is a potential therapeutic agent in attenuating the progression of CKD in diabetes.

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The Effect of Metformin in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Rats with Experimentally-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom11060814 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 814

Author(s):

Mohammed Al Za’abi ◽

Badreldin H. Ali ◽

Yousuf Al Suleimani ◽

Sirin A. Adham ◽

Haytham Ali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Nuclear Factor Κb ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽

Related Factor ◽

Nuclear Factor ◽

Plasma Urea ◽

Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein

This work aimed to investigate whether treatment with the antidiabetic drug metformin would affect adenine-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) in non-diabetic rats and rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Rats were randomly divided into eight groups, and given either normal feed, or feed mixed with adenine (0.25% w/w, for five weeks) to induce CKD. Some of these groups were also simultaneously treated orally with metformin (200 mg/kg/day). Rats given adenine showed the typical signs of CKD that included detrimental changes in several physiological and traditional and novel biochemical biomarkers in plasma urine and kidney homogenates such as albumin/creatinine ratio, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, 8-isoprostane, adiponectin, cystatin C, as well as plasma urea, creatinine, uric acid, indoxyl sulfate, calcium, and phosphorus. Several indices of inflammation and oxidative stress, and renal nuclear factor-κB and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 levels were also measured. Histopathologically, adenine caused renal tubular necrosis and fibrosis. The activation of the intracellular mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway was inhibited in the groups that received metformin and STZ together, with or without adenine induced-CKD. Induction of diabetes worsened most of the actions induced by adenine. Metformin significantly ameliorated the renal actions induced by adenine and STZ when these were given singly, and more so when given together. The results suggest that metformin can be a useful drug in attenuating the progression of CKD in both diabetic and non-diabetic rats.

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Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Reflects the Severity of Renal Impairment in Subjects Affected by Chronic Kidney Disease

Kidney & Blood Pressure Research ◽

10.1159/000143726 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 255-258 ◽

Cited By ~ 81

Author(s):

Davide Bolignano ◽

Antonio Lacquaniti ◽

Giuseppe Coppolino ◽

Susanna Campo ◽

Adriana Arena ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Renal Impairment ◽

Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽

Neutrophil Gelatinase

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Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a predictor of cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease

Heart and Vessels ◽

10.1007/s00380-013-0454-7 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 81-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Midori Hasegawa ◽

Junichi Ishii ◽

Fumihiko Kitagawa ◽

Kazuo Takahashi ◽

Hiroki Hayashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Cardiovascular Events ◽

Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽

Neutrophil Gelatinase

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Early Postoperative Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Predicts the Development of Chronic Kidney Disease After Liver Transplantation

Transplantation Journal ◽

10.1097/tp.0000000000002075 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 102 (5) ◽

pp. 809-815 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Giuseppe Cullaro ◽

Joseph F. Pisa ◽

Robert S. Brown ◽

Gebhard Wagener ◽

Elizabeth C. Verna

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Liver Transplantation ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽

Neutrophil Gelatinase

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Serum Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin and Iron Status in Predialysis Chronic Kidney Disease at Zagazig University

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine ◽

10.21608/ejhm.2021.180346 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 84 (1) ◽

pp. 2017-2032

Author(s):

Halla Mohamed Allam ◽

Haidy Essam Eldin Ahmed Zidan ◽

Mohamed Gomaa Abdelrehim ◽

Amira Mohamed Hamed Hassan

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Iron Status ◽

Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽

Neutrophil Gelatinase

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Chronic kidney disease in adult horses: causes, diagnosis and management

UK-Vet Equine ◽

10.12968/ukve.2021.5.5.195 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 195-204

Author(s):

Rachel Gough ◽

Kate McGovern

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Companion Animals ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Disease Process ◽

Terminal Condition ◽

Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽

Adequate Quality ◽

Neutrophil Gelatinase

Chronic kidney disease is a rare disease in horses, unlike humans and companion animals where it is frequently encountered. There are multiple causes, although, since the disease typically presents late in the disease process, the instigating factor is often not ascertained. Clinical signs most commonly include weight loss, ventral oedema and polyuria-polydipsia. There is a need for more sensitive markers of renal damage or dysfunction so that the disease can be detected earlier in its course. Serum symmetric dimethylarginine and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin are potential biomarkers that are being investigated in this regard. Currently, once the diagnosis has been made, treatment is supportive only, with no options to halt the progression of the disease. Although this is a terminal condition, horses can be maintained with an adequate quality of life for several years after diagnosis in some cases.

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STUDY OF SERUM NEUTROPHIL GELATINASE ASSOCIATED LIPOCALIN CONCENTERATIONS AS A MARKER OF RENAL FUNCTION IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS

10.36106/gjra/8514421 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 189-190

Author(s):

G.G. Kaushik ◽

Shubham Maheshwari ◽

Ankita Sharma

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Serum Creatinine ◽

Kidney Function ◽

Cystatin C ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Lipocalin 2 ◽

Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽

Neutrophil Gelatinase ◽

Sensitive Marker

Introduction: Serum lipocalin 2 serve as a marker for kidney function. Lipocalin 2 is found in both CKD and kidney injury and it rises in acute kidney injury (AKI) and in patients have faster decline in kidney function. Aims And Objectives: To nd out correlation and assess of serum Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin 2 (NGAL 2) in patients with stages 2 to 4 of Chronic Kidney disease. The aim of the study was NGAL could represent a novel, sensitive marker of kidney function in adult patients with CKD. Material And Methods: Study involved 120 patients divided in Case group (60 patients) attended medical/ urology OPD or admitted in medical/urology ward of CKD2 – CKD4 while control group – age and sex matched healthy individuals/ stage I CKD patients was taken as control. The plasma/ serum were used for serum urea, creatinine, Cystatin C and lipocalin 2 under all aseptic precaution on receiving consent. Result:The patients of CKD included in study were having glomerulonephritis (46.7%), pyelonephritis (21.7%), diabetic kidney disease (13.3%), polycystic kidney disease (1.7%) and other causes (16.7%). CKD patients demonstrated elevated serum NGAL 159.14 ± 48.73 ng/ml, together with a rise in urea 59.9 ± 17.6 mg/dL, serum creatinine 1.56 ± 0.97 mg/dL and Cystatin C 199 ± 113 ng/ml as compared to control have serum NGAL 76.31 ± 26.34 ng/ml, urea 22.3 ± 5.7 mg/dL, serum creatinine 0.75 ± 0.14 mg/dL and Cystatin C 76 ± 17 ng/ml (P value <0.05). Conclusion: Serum NGAL closely correlates with serum Cystatin C, creatinine, and eGFR, and serve as a potential early and sensitive marker of impaired kidney function/ kidney injury.

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