scholarly journals Association between intimate partner violence and male alcohol use and the receipt of perinatal care: Evidence from Nepal demographic and health survey 2011–2016

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0259980
Author(s):  
Blessing Akombi-Inyang ◽  
Pramesh Raj Ghimire ◽  
Elizabeth Archibong ◽  
Emma Woolley ◽  
Husna Razee
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Perinatal Care ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
The Continuum

The utilization of perinatal care services among women experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) and male alcohol use is a major problem. Adequate and regular perinatal care is essential through the continuum of pregnancy to mitigate pregnancy and birth complications. The aim of this study is to determine the association between IPV and male alcohol use and the receipt of perinatal care in Nepal. This study used pooled data from 2011 and 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys (NDHS). A total of 3067 women who interviewed for domestic violence module and had most recent live birth 5 years prior surveys were included in the analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association between IPV and male alcohol use and the receipt of perinatal care. Of the total women interviewed, 22% reported physical violence, 14% emotional violence, and 11% sexual violence. Women who were exposed to physical violence were significantly more likely to report non-usage of institutional delivery [adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) = 1.30 (95% Cl: 1.01, 1.68)] and skilled delivery assistants [aOR = 1.43 (95% Cl: 1.10, 1.88)]. Non-attendance of 4 or more skilled antenatal care visits was associated with a combination of alcohol use by male partner and exposure to emotional [aOR = 1.42 (95% Cl: 1.01, 2.00)] and physical violence [aOR = 1.39 (95% Cl: 1.03, 1.88)]. The negative association between IPV and perinatal care suggests it is essential to develop comprehensive community-based interventions which integrates IPV support services with other health services to increase the uptake of perinatal care through the continuum of pregnancy.

scholarly journals Alcohol use and intimate partner violence among women and their partners in sub-Saharan Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Greene ◽  
J. C. Kane ◽  
W. A. Tol
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Relationship

Background:Alcohol use is a well-documented risk factor for intimate partner violence (IPV); however, the majority of research comes from high-income countries.Methods:Using nationally representative data from 86 024 women that participated in the Demographic and Health Surveys, we evaluated the relationship between male partner alcohol use and experiencing IPV in 14 countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Using multilevel mixed-effects models, we calculated the within-country, between-country, and contextual effects of alcohol use on IPV.Results:Prevalence of partner alcohol use and IPV ranged substantially across countries (3–62 and 11–60%, respectively). Partner alcohol use was associated with a significant increase in the odds of reporting IPV for all 14 countries included in this analysis. Furthermore, the relationship between alcohol use and IPV, although largely explained by partner alcohol use, was also attributable to overall prevalence of alcohol use in a given country. The partner alcohol use–IPV relationship was moderated by socioeconomic status (SES): among women with a partner who used alcohol those with lower SES had higher odds of experiencing IPV than women with higher SES.Conclusions:Results of this study suggest that partner alcohol use is a robust correlate of IPV in SSA; however, drinking norms may independently relate to IPV and confound the relationship between partner alcohol use and IPV. These findings motivate future research employing experimental and longitudinal designs to examine alcohol use as a modifiable risk factor of IPV and as a novel target for treatment and prevention research to reduce IPV in SSA.

scholarly journals Negative Affect, Alcohol Consumption, and Female-to-Male Intimate Partner Violence: A Daily Diary Investigation

Partner Abuse ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cory A. Crane ◽  
Christopher I. Eckhardt
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
College Age ◽  
The Status ◽  
Daily Risk

Although research suggests that both negative affect and alcohol use are related to the risk of intimate partner violence (IPV) in male samples, less is known about the status of these risk factors in female samples. Forty-three college-age females who reported a recent history of IPV perpetration submitted 6 weeks of Online daily reports pertaining to their levels of negative affect, alcohol consumption habits, and the occurrence of both male-to-female partner violence (MFPV) and female-to-male partner violence (FMPV). Results indicated that negative affect significantly predicted increases in the daily risk of FMPV. MFPV also significantly predicted FMPV risk. Alcohol consumption failed to predict FMPV perpetration on both levels of analysis. Results are discussed in terms of prevailing models of alcohol use, negative affect, and IPV.

Intimate Partner Violence and Sexual Agency in a Nationally Representative Sample of Women and Girls in the Philippines

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052097620
Author(s):  
Emily Yoshioka ◽  
Maylin Palatino ◽  
Jennifer Nazareno ◽  
Don Operario
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Sexual Agency ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Nationally Representative

This study examined the prevalence of intimate partner violence (Intimate Partner Violence) and its associations with sexual agency among women and adolescent girls in the Philippines. Data came from the 2017 Philippines National Demographic and Health Survey (DHS), a nationally representative, cross-sectional survey of women and girls ages 15–49. Participants included 11,727 women and girls who reported having a current male partner. Survey measures included three indicators of Intimate Partner Violence (physical, sexual, emotional), ability to refuse sex, ability to insist on condom use, perception that a husband/boyfriend can be justified in hitting or beating his wife/girlfriend, and sociodemographic characteristics. Descriptive and multivariable statistical analyses were conducted, with survey weightings used to account for the complex survey design. Overall, 23.9% reported Intimate Partner Violence in their current partnership (10.1% physical violence, 3.4% sexual violence, 19.0% emotional violence), 11.2% believed a husband or partner could be justified in hitting or beating their wife, 10.5% reported being unable to refuse sex with their partner, and 20.4% were unable to ask their partner to use a condom. In multivariable analyses, experiences of sexual (OR .68; 95% CI .50, .92), physical (OR .83; 95% CI .68, 1.02), and emotional violence (OR .69; 95% CI .58, .81) were associated with lower adjusted odds of being able to ask a partner to use a condom. When placed in the same model, emotional violence had the strongest association with lower odds of negotiating condom use with partner (OR .70; 95% CI .57, .85). Perception that a husband/boyfriend can be justified in hitting or beating his wife/girlfriend was associated with lower ability to refuse sex and ask a partner to use a condom. Findings indicate a need for further investment in interventions to prevent Intimate Partner Violence and support the sexual health and agency of women and girls who have experienced Intimate Partner Violence in the Philippines.

scholarly journals Intimate partner violence among HIV positive women in care - results from a national survey, Uganda 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Ndugwa Kabwama ◽  
Justine Bukenya ◽  
Joseph K. B. Matovu ◽  
Violet Gwokyalya ◽  
Fredrick Makumbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Biological Children ◽  
Hiv Women

Abstract Background Women remain disproportionally affected by the HIV/ AIDS epidemic because of sociocultural factors including violence perpetrated by intimate partners. Among HIVpositive (HIV+) women, intimate partner violence (IPV) affects engagement in care and reproductive health outcomes. We analyzed data from a national survey to estimate the prevalence of IPV among HIV+ women in care and associated factors. Methods The study was conducted among 5198 HIV+ women in care. Data were collected on socio-demographic characteristics, self-reported couple HIV status, mutual HIV status disclosure and IPV. IPV was assessed by asking participants whether their current husband or partner ever hit, slapped, kicked or did anything to hurt them physically, and whether their current husband or partner ever physically forced them to have intercourse or perform any sexual acts against their will. Women who responded “yes” were classified as having ever experienced IPV. Modified Poisson regression was used to identify factors associated with experiencing IPV. Results Of 5198 HIV+ women, 1664 (32.1%) had ever experienced physical violence, 1466 (28.3%) had ever experienced sexual violence and 2290 (44.2%) had ever experienced any IPV. Compared with women in relationships where the woman and their male partner were of the same age, women in relationships where the partner was ≥1 year younger were more likely to ever experience IPV (Prevalence risk ratio [PRR] = 1.43, 95% Confidence Interval [95%CI]: 1.10–1.71), as were women in relationships where the partner was < 10 years older (PRR = 1.20, 95%CI: 1.00–1.43) or ≥ 10 years older (PRR = 1.31, 95%CI: 1.05–1.64). Compared with women who did not have biological children, women with 3–4 biological children were more likely to have ever experienced IPV (PRR = 1.27 95%CI: 1.00–1.59) as were those with ≥5 biological children (PRR = 1.34, 95%CI: 1.06–1.71). Compared with women in sero-concordant relationships, women in sero-discordant relationships were less likely to ever experience IPV (PRR = 0.87 95%CI: 0.78–0.98). Conclusions In Uganda, a high proportion of HIV+ women have ever experienced IPV. Experiencing IPV was associated with circumstances related to the intimate relationship between the woman and her male partner. Health care workers should screen HIV+ women in care for IPV and offer appropriate psychosocial assistance.

scholarly journals Association between Intimate Partner Violence and Abortion in Nepal: A Pooled Analysis of Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys (2011 and 2016)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Dipendra Singh Thakuri ◽  
Pramesh Raj Ghimire ◽  
Samikshya Poudel ◽  
Resham Bahadur Khatri
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Female Reproductive Health ◽  
Forms Of Violence

Background. Intimate partner violence (IPV) adversely affects female reproductive health in different ways. However, the relationship between IPV and abortion has not been adequately examined in Nepal. This study is aimed at examining the association between IPV and abortion in Nepal. Methods. Data for this study was derived from the Nepal Demographic Health Surveys (NDHS) of 2011 and 2016. A total of 8641 women aged 15-49 years were selected for the violence module in NDHS 2011 and 2016. The analysis was restricted to 2978 women who reported at least one pregnancy five years preceding each survey. Among them, 839 women who experienced different forms of violence were included in the analysis. Various forms of IPV were taken as exposure variables while abortion as an outcome of interest. The study employed logistic regression analysis to examine the association between IPV and abortion. Results. Nearly one in three (28.2%) women experienced any forms of IPV. A total of 22.2% women experienced physical violence. Almost one in five (19.5%) women were slapped. More than half (52.8%) of the women with no education experienced IPV. The logistic regression analyses showed a significant association between IPV and abortion. Women with severe physical violence had nearly two-fold higher odds (adjusted Odds Ratio aOR=1.68; 95% CI: 1.06, 2.64) of having abortion. Similarly, women who reported physical violence were more likely to have abortion (aOR=1.54; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.19) compared to those who did not experience such violence. Conclusion. Intimate partner violence is associated with abortion in Nepal. It is imperative that effective implementation of IPV-preventive measures through the promotion of appropriate social and policy actions can help reduce abortion in Nepal.

The Association Between Child Marriage and Domestic Violence in Afghanistan

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052095131
Author(s):  
Mavra Qamar ◽  
M. Anne Harris ◽  
Jordan L. Tustin
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
The Body ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Child Marriage ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys

Child marriage and intimate partner violence have been globally recognized as human rights violations. Both indicators can derail an individual’s future and have various public health implications. Previous studies have shown an association between child marriage and domestic violence in low- and middle-income countries; however, data in Afghanistan are not known. This study aimed to assess the association between child marriage and domestic violence in Afghanistan. We used nationally representative data collected by the Demographic and Health Surveys to conduct logistic regression analyses. Child marriage was separated into three categories: very early marriage (<15 years), early marriage (15–17 years), and adult marriage (≥18 years). Domestic violence was the response variable and was assessed as any violence, physical violence, emotional violence, and sexual violence. Of the sample ( N = 21,324), 15% of the respondents were married before the age of 15; 35% were married between the ages of 15 and 17; and 50% were married as adults. After adjusting for current age, place of residence, and socioeconomic status, the odds of sexual violence were 22% higher among women who married before age 15 compared with those married as adults (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = [1.05, 1.40], p = .005). However, the odds of reporting any violence, physical violence, and emotional violence among those who married as children did not differ compared with those who married as adults. This may be due to a shift in traditional norms or underreporting in Afghanistan. This study adds to the body of research on child marriage and intimate partner violence, and specifically provides novel information on this association in Afghanistan.

Troubling Trade-offs Between Women’s Work and Intimate Partner Violence: Evidence From 19 Developing Countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110219
Author(s):  
Sameen Zafar ◽  
MS Saima Zia ◽  
Rafi Amir-ud-Din
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Women's Work ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Women's Employment ◽  
Women’S Employment ◽  
Women’S Work

The empirical link between women’s employment status and their experience of different types of intimate partner violence (IPV) is not very apparent. Using Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) data from 19 developing countries in South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and the Middle East, we found that working women were significantly more likely to experience IPV than their stay-at-home counterparts. Given the great diversity in women’s employment with respect to economic returns and working conditions, we disaggregated women’s employment into three categories vis-à-vis agriculture jobs (AJ), blue-collar jobs (BJ), and white-collar jobs (WJ). The disaggregated analysis revealed that women engaged in all three job categories were significantly more likely to experience IPV. After controlling for potential endogeneity of women’s employment, we found that women’s work increased the risk of less severe physical violence (LSPV) and emotional violence (EV) but reduced the risk of sexual violence (SV). Endogeneity-adjusted disaggregated analysis showed that women engaged in BJ and WJ faced an increased risk of LSPV but reduced risk of SV. In contrast, women undertaking AJ faced a smaller risk of severe physical violence (SPV) and SV. This study contradicts some long-held beliefs that women’s work is a sufficient condition for protecting them from IPV. The public policy should not assume that women’s earnings automatically protect them against the risk of IPV. While encouraging a greater female labor force participation rate is important in its own right, women’s risk of IPV is context-specific.

Interpersonal Problems and Family Relations as Mediators Between Attachment and Female-Perpetrated Intimate Partner Violence

Partner Abuse ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-58
Author(s):  
David M. Lawson ◽  
Danielle Marks
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Interpersonal Problems ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Multiple Mediation ◽  
Anxious Attachment

The current research explored whether interpersonal problems (IP) and family of origin relations mediate the association between attachment dimensions and intimate partner violence (IPV). The participants included 55 females in treatment for IPV as part of their probation. We examined the mediation relationships using a bootstrapping multiple mediation method. Results indicated that IP but not family type, significantly mediated the relationship between avoidant attachment, but not anxious attachment and IPV. Greater attachment avoidance was associated with higher levels of IP, which in turn, were associated with higher physical violence toward an intimate male partner. Several alternative models were tested resulting in nonsignificant mediation analyses, thus, lending support to the validity of the attachment avoidant mediation model. Suggestions were offered for treatment relevant to the results.

scholarly journals Intimate partner violence among ever-married Afghan women: patterns, associations and attitudinal acceptance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rehana Shinwari ◽  
Michael Lowery Wilson ◽  
Olumide Abiodun ◽  
Masood Ali Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Parental Violence ◽  
Afghan Women ◽  
Survey Responses

AbstractIntimate partner violence (IPV) is one of the most prevalent forms of violence that women suffer globally. Women in Afghanistan have been exposed to high levels of IPV which coincided with high levels of conflict during more than four decades. We cross-sectionally examined the Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey responses of 21,234 ever-married Afghan women. We first performed the frequency distribution analysis to determine the prevalence of IPV and the basic socio-demographic characteristics of the participants. Subsequently we examined the relationship between the independent and dependent variables followed by the bivariate and survey versions of logistic regression analyses. We report odds ratios in order to depict the strength and direction of the associations between the IPV and selected independent variables. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The analyses showed that 55.54% of Afghan women experienced some form of physical, emotional, or sexual violence by their intimate partners during the recall period partners. The most common form of IPV found was physical violence (50.52%). Factors such as being exposed to inter-parental violence (respondent woman’s father physically abused her mother) (adjusted OR= 3.69, CI= 3.31–4.10) and respondent’s acceptance of IPV (aOR= 1.85, 1.51–2.26) were associated with increased exposure to IPV. Having a spouse with at least a primary education (aOR= 0.76, CI= 0.64–0.91) or a respondent with at least a primary education (aOR= 0.82, CI= 0.68–0.98) was associated with lower exposure to reported IPV. The lifetime experience of IPV occurs to a high extent among Afghan women, and several socio-demographic factors have predisposing attributes. IPV policy formulation and strategizing may benefit from considering these factors.

Coercive Controlling Behaviors and Reporting Physical Intimate Partner Violence in Australian Women: An Exploration

2021 ◽  
pp. 107780122098593
Author(s):  
Brittany Patafio ◽  
Peter Miller ◽  
Arlene Walker ◽  
Kerri Coomber ◽  
Ashlee Curtis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Physical Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Differential Utility ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Controlling Behaviors

This study explores two approaches to measuring coercive controlling behaviors (CCBs)—counting how many different CCB types and examining the frequency of each CCB experienced—to examine their utility in explaining the relationship between CCBs and physical intimate partner violence (IPV). Australian women aged 18–68 years ( n = 739; Mage = 31.58, SDage = 11.76) completed an online survey. Count and frequency CCB approaches yielded similar significant associations with increased physical IPV. Both approaches suggest that frightening behaviors in particular are significantly indicative of also experiencing physical IPV; however, when you count CCB types, public name-calling becomes important, whereas when you examine the frequency of each CCB type, jealousy/possessiveness becomes important. These findings suggest differential utility between measures of CCBs, which examine the frequency of specific CCB types and which count CCB types, and that both approaches are useful in understanding how coercion and control relate to physical violence within intimate relationships.

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