The impact of psychological theory on the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in adults: A scoping review

Psychological theory and interpretation of research are key elements influencing clinical treatment development and design in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Research-based treatment recommendations primarily support Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), an extension of the cognitive behavioural theory, which promotes a deficit-focused characterisation of ADHD and prioritises symptom reduction and cognitive control of self-regulation as treatment outcomes. A wide variety of approaches have developed to improve ADHD outcomes in adults, and this review aimed to map the theoretical foundations of treatment design to understand their impact. A scoping review and analysis were performed on 221 documents to compare the theoretical influences in research, treatment approach, and theoretical citations. Results showed that despite variation in the application, current treatments characterise ADHD from a single paradigm of cognitive behavioural theory. A single theoretical perspective is limiting research for effective treatments for ADHD to address ongoing issues such as accommodating context variability and heterogeneity. Research into alternative theoretical characterisations of ADHD is recommended to provide treatment design opportunities to better understand and address symptoms.

Download Full-text

The Impact of Psychopedagogical Intervention on Quality of Life in Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Treated with Psychostimulant Medication

10.26226/morressier.588f064fd462b8028d891df4 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Claudia Pires-Lima

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

The Impact ◽

Psychostimulant Medication

Download Full-text

The Impact of Copper in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.17.2.5436 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

pp. 279-283

Author(s):

Mihail Silviu Tudosie ◽

Elena Truta ◽

Ana Maria Davitoiu ◽

Luminita Stanciulescu ◽

George Jinescu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Copper Concentration ◽

Graphite Furnace ◽

Urine Samples ◽

Health State ◽

Adhd Symptoms ◽

Children With Adhd ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

The Impact

During one year (september 2013 � september 2014), 50 children from the residential institution for children SOS Satele Copiilor Bucharest, where included in our research. The children were distributed in two groups: Group A which consisted of 25 children (12 girls, 13 boys) who were not diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Group B which consisted of 25 children (14 boys, 11 girls) who were diagnosed with ADHD. Initially, the two groups were subjected at a psycho-diagnostic battery of tests, one of them being the Evaluating the Health State of children with ADHD questionnaire elaborated by us, particularly for this research, with the purpose of highlighting the direct link between the children health state and their ADHD symptoms. This study sought to determine the concentration of copper in urine samples from a group of children with ADHD and a group of normal children, to highlight the role of copper in the development of ADHD symptoms. Levels of copper concentration in urine samples from the two groups were processed by Student�s t-Test. Statistical analysis showed that the arithmetic averages of copper concentration in urine samples, of the two groups do not differ significantly, so copper may be causing ADHD symptoms occur. The copper content in urine samples has been determined using atomic absorption spectrometry with graphite furnace.

Download Full-text

Shorter rapid eye movement sleep duration in children with attention-deficit /hyperactivity disorder: The impact on quality of life

Sleep Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.sleep.2021.07.034 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alaa El-Din M. Darwesh ◽

Khaled A. El Beh ◽

Mustafa M. Hashem ◽

Nahla El-Sayed Nagy

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Eye Movement ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Rapid Eye Movement ◽

Rapid Eye Movement Sleep ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

The Impact

Download Full-text

Genetic variations influence brain changes in patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Translational Psychiatry ◽

10.1038/s41398-021-01473-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Santosh K. Yadav ◽

Ajaz A. Bhat ◽

Sheema Hashem ◽

Sabah Nisar ◽

Madeeha Kamal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Brain Imaging ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Genetic Variations ◽

Imaging Genetics ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Genetic Studies ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Clinical Biomarkers ◽

The Impact

AbstractAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurological and neurodevelopmental childhood-onset disorder characterized by a persistent pattern of inattentiveness, impulsiveness, restlessness, and hyperactivity. These symptoms may continue in 55–66% of cases from childhood into adulthood. Even though the precise etiology of ADHD is not fully understood, it is considered as a multifactorial and heterogeneous disorder with several contributing factors such as heritability, auxiliary to neurodevelopmental issues, severe brain injuries, neuroinflammation, consanguineous marriages, premature birth, and exposure to environmental toxins. Neuroimaging and neurodevelopmental assessments may help to explore the possible role of genetic variations on ADHD neuropsychobiology. Multiple genetic studies have observed a strong genetic association with various aspects of neuropsychobiological functions, including neural abnormalities and delayed neurodevelopment in ADHD. The advancement in neuroimaging and molecular genomics offers the opportunity to analyze the impact of genetic variations alongside its dysregulated pathways on structural and functional derived brain imaging phenotypes in various neurological and psychiatric disorders, including ADHD. Recently, neuroimaging genomic studies observed a significant association of brain imaging phenotypes with genetic susceptibility in ADHD. Integrating the neuroimaging-derived phenotypes with genomics deciphers various neurobiological pathways that can be leveraged for the development of novel clinical biomarkers, new treatment modalities as well as therapeutic interventions for ADHD patients. In this review, we discuss the neurobiology of ADHD with particular emphasis on structural and functional changes in the ADHD brain and their interactions with complex genomic variations utilizing imaging genetics methodologies. We also highlight the genetic variants supposedly allied with the development of ADHD and how these, in turn, may affect the brain circuit function and related behaviors. In addition to reviewing imaging genetic studies, we also examine the need for complementary approaches at various levels of biological complexity and emphasize the importance of combining and integrating results to explore biological pathways involved in ADHD disorder. These approaches include animal models, computational biology, bioinformatics analyses, and multimodal imaging genetics studies.

Download Full-text

Neurofeedback, sham neurofeedback, and cognitive-behavioural group therapy in adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a triple-blind, randomised, controlled trial

The Lancet Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s2215-0366(17)30291-2 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (9) ◽

pp. 673-684 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Michael Schönenberg ◽

Eva Wiedemann ◽

Alexander Schneidt ◽

Jonathan Scheeff ◽

Alexander Logemann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Group Therapy ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Cognitive Behavioural ◽

Randomised Controlled

Download Full-text

Clinical and social factors associated with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder medication use: population-based longitudinal study

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.bp.113.141952 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 205 (4) ◽

pp. 291-297 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Cédric Galéra ◽

Jean-Baptiste Pingault ◽

Grégory Michel ◽

Manuel-Pierre Bouvard ◽

Maria Melchior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽

Medication Use ◽

Population Based ◽

Social Characteristics ◽

Adhd Medication ◽

Social Variables ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

The Impact

BackgroundThe impact of longitudinal psychiatric comorbidity, parenting and social characteristics on attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication use is still poorly understood.AimsTo assess the baseline and longitudinal influences of behavioural and environmental factors on ADHD medication use.MethodSurvival regressions with time-dependent covariates were used to model data from a population-based longitudinal birth cohort. The sample (n = 1920) was assessed from age 5 months to 10 years. Measures of children's psychiatric symptoms, parenting practices and social characteristics available at baseline and during follow-up were used to identify individual and family-level features associated with subsequent use of ADHD medication.ResultsUse of ADHD medication ranged from 0.2 to 8.6% between ages 3.5 to 10 years. Hyperactivity–inattention was the strongest predictor of medication use (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.75, 95% CI 2.35–3.22). Among all social variables examined, low maternal education increased the likelihood of medication use (HR = 2.09, 95% CI 1.38–3.18) whereas immigrant status lowered this likelihood (HR = 0.40, 95% CI 0.17–0.92).ConclusionsBeyond ADHD symptoms, the likelihood of receiving ADHD medication is predicted by social variables and not by psychiatric comorbidity or by parenting. This emphasises the need to improve global interventions by offering the same therapeutic opportunities (including medication) as those received by the rest of the population to some subgroups (i.e. immigrants) and by diminishing possible unnecessary prescriptions.

Download Full-text

PERILAKU ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD) DALAM PROSES PEMBELAJARAN (STUDI KASUS PESERTA DIDIK) DI KELAS IV SD NEGERI GEJAYAN

Jurnal Fundadikdas (Fundamental Pendidikan Dasar) ◽

10.12928/fundadikdas.v1i1.71 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 64

Author(s):

Nugrahini Indra Umratun Wakhaj ◽

Nurul Hidayati Rofiah

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Learning Process ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Social Aspect ◽

Impulsive Behavior ◽

Or Education ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Using Data ◽

Primary School Age ◽

The Impact

The behavior of primary school-age students today is very diverse, one of these behaviors are children who are very difficult to manage, can not be silent and as if not paying attention to the lessons in the classroom. These children usually experience emotional and behavioral disorders in its development of ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). This study aims to describe the behavior and impact of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in the learning process in grade 4 students of SD Negeri Gejayan.This type of research is a type of Descriptive Qualitative research, with data collection techniques of observation, interview, and doumentation. The subjects in this research are DA fourth graders of SD Negeri Gejayan. While the data analysis techniques using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions.The results showed that there was Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) behavior in the learning process in Grade IV of Gejayan State Elementary School which consisted of three behaviors: inattensi, hyperactive and impulsive behavior. The impact of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) behavior affects three aspects including (1) impact on learning process or education, (2) impact on student's behavior in learning process and, (3) impact to social aspect of student in process learning.

Download Full-text