scholarly journals Associations of FGF21 and GDF15 with mitochondrial dysfunction in children living with perinatally-acquired HIV: A cross-sectional evaluation of pediatric AIDS clinical trials group 219/219C

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261563
Author(s):  
Greg S. Gojanovich ◽  
Denise L. Jacobson ◽  
Carly Broadwell ◽  
Brad Karalius ◽  
Brian Kirmse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Mitochondrial Disease ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
Perinatally Acquired ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background In persons living with HIV, mitochondrial disease (MD) is difficult to diagnose, as clinical signs are non-specific with inconsistent patterns. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) are mitokines elevated in MD patients without HIV, and associated with cardiometabolic comorbidities in adults living with HIV. We assessed relationships of these biomarkers with MD in children living with perinatally-acquired HIV infection (CPHIV). Setting Cross-sectional study of CPHIV from Pediatric ACTG 219/219C classified by Mitochondrial Disease Criteria (MDC) that defines scores 2–4 as “possible” MD. Methods Each case with MDC equaling 4 (MDC4; n = 23) was matched to one randomly selected control displaying no MDC (MDC0; n = 23) based on calendar date. Unmatched cases with MDC equaling 3 (MDC3; n = 71) were also assessed. Plasma samples proximal to diagnoses were assayed by ELISA. Mitokine distributions were compared using Wilcoxon tests, Spearman correlations were calculated, and associations with MD status were assessed by conditional logistic regression. Results Median FGF21 and GDF15 concentrations, respectively, were highest in MDC4 (143.9 and 1441.1 pg/mL), then MDC3 (104.0 and 726.5 pg/mL), and lowest in controls (89.4 and 484.7 pg/mL). Distributions of FGF21 (paired Wilcoxon rank sum p = 0.002) and GDF15 (paired Wilcoxon rank sum p<0.001) differed in MDC4 vs MDC0. Mitokine concentrations were correlated across all participants (r = 0.33; p<0.001). Unadjusted odds ratios of being MDC4 vs MDC0 were 5.2 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06–25.92] for FGF21 and 3.5 (95%CI: 1.19–10.25) for GDF15. Relationships persisted after covariate adjustments. Conclusion FGF21 and GDF15 levels may be useful biomarkers to screen for CPHIV with mitochondrial dysfunction.

Has Diarrhea Ceased to be a Concern in Persons Living With HIV? Results From a Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin L. Hardwicke ◽  
Estefania Guthrie ◽  
Han-Yang Chen ◽  
Richard M. Grimes
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv

Treatment experienced persons living with HIV on atazanavir based second line regimens are not highly adherent to therapy: a report from a tertiary referral hospital in Kenya.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Mugendi ◽  
Nasser Nyambane Nyamweya ◽  
Faith Apolot Okalebo
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Tertiary Referral Hospital ◽  
Second Line Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
Positive Treatment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Adherence Counselling ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background Adherence to antiretroviral therapy is necessary for positive treatment outcomes. The objectives of this study were to determine adherence levels and their determinants in persons living with HIV on second line therapy. Methods A cross-sectional study was undertaken at a HIV clinic within Kenyatta National Hospital in October, 2017. Data were collected through interviews and application of the Morisky Medication Adherence and then analyzed in R. Results One hundred and ten patients were enrolled; 46 (41.8%) males and 64 (58.2%) females. The mean age was 39.8 years (± 11.8). Most participants, 96 (87.3%), had moderate adherence while 14 (12.7%) had low adherence. None were highly adherent. Age (aOR = 1.10, 95% CI; 1.04, 1.19) and depression (aOR =0.17, 95% CI 0.04, 0.64) were independently associated with adherence. Conclusion None of the treatment experienced patients on second line regimens were highly adherent to therapy. Younger patients and those with depression require additional adherence counselling.

Sleep Disturbance and Total Sleep Time in Persons Living with HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 2877-2887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brice Faraut ◽  
Alexandre Malmartel ◽  
Jade Ghosn ◽  
Martin Duracinsky ◽  
Damien Leger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv

scholarly journals 2498. Perceptions of Injectable Antiretrovirals in an Urban HIV Clinic

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S866-S866
Author(s):  
David E Koren ◽  
Volodymyra Fedkiv ◽  
Huaqing Zhao ◽  
Robert Bettiker ◽  
Ellen Tedaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Rate ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Injection Site Reaction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
Doctor's Office ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background Although new injectable antiretrovirals (ARV) for HIV may soon be available, there is little research on patient preferences. We examined perceptions of injectable ARV among persons living with HIV (PLWH). Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among PLWH presenting for an appointment at TempleHealth in Philadelphia, PA between March 11 and April 18, 2019. Respondents completed a self-administered survey comprising 29 questions about socio-demographic data, current ARV, and preferences regarding injectable ARV therapies. Responses were recorded on a 10-point Likert scale, on which responses in the 1–5 range were defined as unlikely and 6–10 range as likely to choose injectable ARV. The primary endpoint was to describe factors associated with likely vs. unlikely uptake of injectable ARV. Responses between groups were compared with Chi-square or Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Results 171 patients completed a survey with a 56% response rate. Demographics were 60% male, 70% African American, 33% LGBQ-identifying, 2% transgender, with a mean age of 48 ± 13 years. Percentages of likely uptake (55%, n = 94) and unlikely uptake (45%, n = 77) were similar. Median likelihood was 7 (IQR 7–10) and varied from likely (10, IQR 8–10) and unlikely (1, IQR 1–5) cohorts. There were no differences in overall likelihood based on current number of pills or pill frequency (P > 0.05). A likelihood trend was found among patients who missed one or more doses per week, however current adherence was not significant (p = 0.06). Likelihood of uptake means increased as the frequency of administration decreased: 1-week (5.7 ± 3.7), 2-week (5.9 ± 3.7), 1-month (7.3 ± 3.5), 2-month (7.3 ± 3.6), and 3-month (7.7 ± 3.4). Likelihood of uptake decreased as duration of a potential injection site reaction increased: 1 day (6.2 ± 3.5), 2–3 days (4.6 ± 3.3), 4–6 days (3.6 ± 3.1), 7 days or longer (3.0 ± 3.2). Respondents preferred their doctor’s office (60%) over self-injection (23%), assisted injection at home (11%), pharmacy (4%), or special injection center (2%) for administration setting. Conclusion Our study indicates that availability of injectable administration has potential to find acceptance among PLWH. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Clusterization of co-morbidities and multi-morbidities among persons living with HIV: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Maggi ◽  
Carmen R. Santoro ◽  
Marco Nofri ◽  
Elena Ricci ◽  
Nicolò De Gennaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv

COVID-19 in Persons Living With HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study From Lebanon

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein A. noureldine ◽  
Georges Chedid ◽  
Hilal Abdessamad ◽  
Christy Costanian ◽  
Julian Maamari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv

scholarly journals Health Locus of Control and Neuropsychological Performance in Latinx and Non-Latinx White Persons Living with HIV (PLWH)

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1234-1234
Author(s):  
M Aghvinian ◽  
E Morris ◽  
A Summers ◽  
C Crook ◽  
J Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Health Locus Of Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
Strongly Agree ◽  
Multidimensional Health ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Objective Health locus of control (HLOC) refers to health attributions related to one’s actions, chance, doctors, or powerful others and impacts health service utilization. Locus of control (LOC) relates to better neurocognitive (NC) function in healthy adults, medication adherence, and quality of life in persons living with HIV (PLWH). No studies have examined HLOC and NC function in PLWH. This study examined how HLOC contributes to NC function in PLWH. Participants and Method This cross-sectional study included 130 PLWH (Latinx: n = 95; non-Latinx White [NLW]: n = 35) who completed an NC battery and Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale Form C (MHLS-C). MHLS-C has 4 subscales (internal, chance, doctors, and powerful others; 1 = Strongly Disagree – 6 = Strongly Agree). Demographically corrected NC T-scores were used for average global NC and domain T-scores. Results The Latinx group did worse than the NLW group in global NC, learning, memory, and verbal function (ps &lt; .05). In the Latinx group, MHLS-C Chance negatively related to global NC, learning, memory, and fluency (ps &lt; .05); Powerful Others was negatively related to global NC, learning, and memory (ps &lt; .05). In the NLW group, MHLS-C Chance negatively related to learning and memory (ps &lt; .05). In hierarchical regressions, our model (Step 1: ethnicity and Step 2: MHLC Chance and Powerful Others subscales) predicted global NC (R^2 = .10), learning (R^2 = .30), and memory (R^2=.27; all ps &lt; .05), such that ethnicity was not significant (all ps &gt; .05). Additionally, greater MHLS-C Chance predicted worse NC function (β’s = -.22 to -.40, ps &lt; .05). Conclusions Chance HLOC is related to worse NC function in Latinx and NLW groups, but more strongly in the Latinx group. Ethnicity no longer predicted NC function once chance HLOC was considered. These findings align with prior research in the Latinx population about “fatalismo,” a belief that life events are predestined, and highlight the importance of health professionals addressing perceptions of control over one’s health to improve outcomes, including NC functioning.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document