Quantifying transmission dynamics of acute hepatitis C virus infections in a heterogeneous population using sequence data

Opioid substitution and syringes exchange programs have drastically reduced hepatitis C virus (HCV) spread in France but HCV sexual transmission in men having sex with men (MSM) has recently arisen as a significant public health concern. The fact that the virus is transmitting in a heterogeneous population, with different transmission routes, makes prevalence and incidence rates poorly informative. However, additional insights can be gained by analyzing virus phylogenies inferred from dated genetic sequence data. By combining a phylodynamics approach based on Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) and an original transmission model, we estimate key epidemiological parameters of an ongoing HCV epidemic among MSMs in Lyon (France). We show that this new epidemic is largely independent of the previously observed non-MSM HCV epidemics and that its doubling time is ten times lower (0.44 years versus 4.37 years). These results have practical implications for HCV control and illustrate the additional information provided by virus genomics in public health.

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Quantifying transmission dynamics of acute hepatitis C virus infections in a heterogeneous population using sequence data

10.1101/689158 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gonché Danesh ◽

Victor Virlogeux ◽

Christophe Ramière ◽

Caroline Charre ◽

Laurent Cotte ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Sexual Transmission ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Heterogeneous Population ◽

Health Concern ◽

Transmission Model ◽

Acute Hepatitis C

AbstractOpioid substitution and syringes exchange programs have drastically reduced hepatitis C virus (HCV) spread in France but HCV sexual transmission in men having sex with men (MSM) has recently arisen as a significant public health concern. The fact that the virus is transmitting in a heterogeneous population, with ‘new’ and ‘classical’ hosts, makes prevalence and incidence rates poorly informative. However, additional insights can be gained by analyzing virus phylogenies inferred from dated genetic sequence data. By combining a phylodynamics approach based on Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) and an original transmission model, we estimate key epidemiological parameters of an ongoing HCV epidemic among MSMs in Lyon (France). We show that this new epidemic is largely independent of the ‘classical’ HCV epidemics and that its doubling time is ten times lower (0.44 years versus 4.37 years). These results have practical implications for HCV control and illustrate the additional information provided by virus genomics in public health.

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Testing Strategy To Identify Cases of Acute Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection and To Project HCV Incidence Rates

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.01229-07 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 499-506 ◽

Cited By ~ 67

Author(s):

K. Page-Shafer ◽

B. L. Pappalardo ◽

L. H. Tobler ◽

B. H. Phelps ◽

B. R. Edlin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Acute Hepatitis ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Hcv Infection ◽

Acute Hepatitis C ◽

Testing Strategy

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OCCURRENCE OF HEPATITIS B AND HEPATITIS C AND THEIR DUAL INFECTIONS: A GREAT PUBLIC HEALTH CONCERN

10.36106/ijar/1001582 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 37-39

Author(s):

Sardana Vandana ◽

Verma Sameer R

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Health Concern ◽

Intravenous Drug Use ◽

Blood Components ◽

Public Health Concern ◽

Hbs Antigen ◽

B Virus

Introduction-Viral hepatitis is one of the major public health concern worldwide. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are of great concern due to their association with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Aims & Objectives-i)To determine the frequency of Hepatitis B surface antigen and anti-HCV antibodies in patients coming to a tertiary care teaching hospital ii)To estimate the occurrence of co-infection with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus iii) To analyse the risk factors associated with hepatitis B, hepatitis C and their co-infections. Method- This prospective study included serum samples which were subjected to detection of HBs antigen and anti-HCV antibodies using rapid immunochromatographic card tests, which were further confirmed by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results- Out of total of 12,502 cases, the seropositivity of HBs antigen and anti-HCV antibodies was found to be 3.6% (452 /12,502) and 6.1% (758 /12,502) respectively. The frequency of co-infection (HBs antigen and anti-HCV antibodies) was found to be 0.8% (99 /12,502). Male to female ratio for hepatitis B, hepatitis C and co-infection was 2.1:1, 1.6:1and 2.3:1, respectively. The commonest risk factor associated with seropositivity of HBV was intravenous drug use, followed by blood / blood components transfusion. Hepatitis C infection was most commonly seen with blood / blood components transfusion, followed by intravenous drug use. Conclusions: Counseling and health education regarding the safe injection practices, safe sexual practices , screening of blood / blood products and vaccination against HBV are the essential steps to combat viral hepatitis.

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Anti-hepatitis C virus seroprevalence in the working age population in Poland, 2004 to 2014

Eurosurveillance ◽

10.2807/1560-7917.es.2017.22.2.30441 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Bożena Walewska-Zielecka ◽

Urszula Religioni ◽

Grzegorz Juszczyk ◽

Zbigniew M Wawrzyniak ◽

Aleksandra Czerw ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

World Health ◽

Health Concern ◽

Health Priorities ◽

The World ◽

Working Age ◽

Working Age Population ◽

Health Organization

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) to be a serious public health concern and one of the major public health priorities. In 2005, it was estimated that there are 185 million anti-HCV positive people in the world, which constitutes 2.8% of the global population. Our study estimates the anti-HCV seroprevalence in the working age population (15–64 years-old), mostly urban and suburban residents, in Poland from 2004 to 2014. The studied group consisted of 61,805 working-age population representatives whose data were obtained from electronic medical records of an outpatient clinic network operating on a countrywide level. Positive anti-HCV test results were obtained in 957 patients, representing 1.5% of the whole population studied throughout the analysed period. The average age of all anti-HCV positive patients was 36.8 years. Analysis of the data suggests that the proportion of anti-HCV positive patients decreased over the study period (mean positive anti-HCV = -0.0017 × year + 3.3715; R2 = 0.7558). In 2004, positive results were noted among 3.2% of patients undergoing HCV antibody tests, but in 2014, the percentage of patients with a positive result stood at 1.1%. The apparent decrease affected men and women similarly. Our study also provides evidence that screening people born before 1965 could be beneficial.

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A cluster of acute hepatitis C virus infection among men who have sex with men – results from contact tracing and public health implications

AIDS ◽

10.1097/01.aids.0000171412.61360.f8 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 19 (9) ◽

pp. 969-974 ◽

Cited By ~ 154

Author(s):

Hannelore M Götz ◽

Gerard van Doornum ◽

Hubert GM Niesters ◽

Jan G den Hollander ◽

H Bing Thio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Acute Hepatitis ◽

Contact Tracing ◽

Acute Hepatitis C ◽

Hepatitis C Virus Infection ◽

Health Implications ◽

Sex With Men

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Clarification of interspousal hepatitis C virus infection in acute hepatitis C patients by molecular evolutionary analyses: Consideration on sexual and non-sexual transmission between spouses

Hepatology Research ◽

10.1111/j.1872-034x.2011.00843.x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 41 (9) ◽

pp. 838-845 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ikuo Nakamura ◽

Yasuhito Tanaka ◽

Kaori Ochiai ◽

Fuminori Moriyasu ◽

Masashi Mizokami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Acute Hepatitis ◽

Sexual Transmission ◽

Acute Hepatitis C ◽

Hepatitis C Virus Infection

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A212 INCIDENCE OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS INFECTIONS AMONG USERS OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS PRE-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS

Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology ◽

10.1093/jcag/gwab002.210 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 243-244

Author(s):

S Tabatabavakili ◽

W Aleyadeh ◽

O Cerrocchi ◽

H L Janssen ◽

B E Hansen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Sexual Transmission ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Vital Role ◽

Virus Infections ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Exposure Prophylaxis ◽

Hiv Negative

Abstract Background Sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is well-documented among HIV-uninfected individuals. The use of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) may lead to increased engagement in activities that facilitate the transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and possibly HCV among PrEP users. Aims To assess the incidence of Hepatitis C Virus Infections among HIV negative pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users Methods Between 2012 and 2019, the incidence of HCV and bacterial STIs were calculated among HIV-negative patients receiving PrEP at the University Health Network HIV Prevention Clinic. Mucosal, anal and blood samples were taken to test for HIV, syphilis, and anti-HCV antibodies. Results Among 344 HIV-uninfected patients receiving PrEP, 86% were men having sex with men (MSM). Five individuals were HCV-antibody positive at the time of PrEP initiation. Serological and virological follow-up was available for 109 HCV-negative individuals over 282 patient-years (PY). Two new infections were recorded, yielding an incidence of primary HCV infection of 0.7/100 PY. In contrast with HCV, the incidence rates of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis were 49.2/100 PY, 36.3/100 PY, and 5.2/100 PY, respectively. Both individuals with new HCV diagnoses reported being MSM with a history of unprotected intercourse and one also reported recreational drug use. Both individuals were asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis and were detected by routine laboratory monitoring. Conclusions The low incidence of HCV infections despite significantly higher rates of other STIs suggests that sexual transmission of HCV is uncommon in HIV-negative MSM PrEP users. Performing routine risk-based HCV surveillance among PrEP users should be evaluated. The high incidence of STIs in this population indicates a vital role for periodic STI monitoring in those receiving PrEP. Funding Agencies vircan

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Testing Strategy To Identify Cases of Acute Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection and To Project HCV Incidence Rates

Yearbook of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.1016/s1077-9108(08)79003-0 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 ◽

pp. 252

Author(s):

M.G. Bissell

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Acute Hepatitis ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Hcv Infection ◽

Acute Hepatitis C ◽

Testing Strategy

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The Epidemiological Patterns of Hepatitis C in Lithuania: Changes in Surveillance from 2005 to 2018

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina57101120 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 57 (10) ◽

pp. 1120

Author(s):

Samanta Grubyte ◽

Jurgita Urboniene ◽

Laura Nedzinskiene ◽

Ligita Jancoriene

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Hcv Infection ◽

Health Concern ◽

Public Health Concern ◽

Important Public Health

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the major global causes of death and morbidity, and so it remains an important public health concern in Europe [...]

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