Oxygen Consumption and Alveolar Ventilation During Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing

1966 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHEN M. AYRES ◽  
STANLEY GIANNELLI ◽  
Ayres
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Alveolar Ventilation ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing

Cardiopulmonary effects of continuous pressure breathing in hypothermic dogs

1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Salzano ◽  
F. G. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Alveolar Ventilation ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Negative Pressure Breathing ◽  
Continuous Positive Pressure ◽  
Respiratory Dead Space

Continuous pressure breathing was studied in hypothermic anesthetized dogs. Alveolar ventilation decreased during continuous positive-pressure breathing and increased during continuous negative-pressure breathing. The changes in alveolar ventilation were due to changes in respiratory rate as well as in respiratory dead space. Cardiac output fell significantly during continuous positive-pressure breathing due to a reduction in heart rate and stroke volume. During continuous negative-pressure breathing cardiac output was only slightly greater than during control as a result of a fall in heart rate and an increase in stroke volume. Oxygen consumption was reduced to 60% of control during continuous positive-pressure breathing of 16 cm H2O but was 25% greater than control during continuous negative-pressure breathing. Qualitatively, CO2 production changed as did O2 consumption but was different quantitatively during continuous negative-pressure breathing indicating hyperventilation due to increased respiratory rate. Mean pulmonary artery pressures and pulmonary resistance varied directly with the applied intratracheal pressure. The results indicate that the hypothermic animal can tolerate an imposed stress such as continuous pressure breathing and can increase its oxygen consumption during continuous negative-pressure breathing as does the normothermic animal. hypothermia; respiratory dead space; metabolic rate; cardiac output Submitted on December 8, 1964

scholarly journals A study to compare the ventilation patterns produced with intermittent positive pressure breathing to those produced by deep breathing

1991 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
C. J. Eales ◽  
A. Shapiro ◽  
D. Edelman ◽  
D. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Ventilation ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Emboli ◽  
Deep Breathing ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ventilation Pattern ◽  
Group B ◽  
Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing

Much research has been done on IPPB and to date little evidence has been provided to support the use of this modality. Our study was designed to investigate the ventilation pattern produced by IPPB with deep breathing compared to deep breathing only in patients who have had suspected pulmonary emboli. Ventilation images of the lungs obtained through the inhalation of the radio-active gas Krypton were used for this comparison. Twenty-three subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Group A comprised 12 subjects who received the radio-active gas via IPPB. The 11 subjects in group B received the radio-active gas via the routine circuit, while doing diaphragmatic breathing.The data were analysed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. It was shown that in patients with suspected pulmonary emboli there is no evidence that IPPB would increase alveolar ventilation more than deep breathing exercises would.

Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing in Patients with Respiratory Muscle Weakness

CHEST Journal ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 546-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Dennis McCool ◽  
Raymond F. Mayewski ◽  
David S. Shayne ◽  
Charles J. Gibson ◽  
Robert C. Griggs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Weakness ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Weakness ◽  
Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing

Physiotherapy in chest disease

1980 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 29-31
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Forced Expiration ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Postural Drainage ◽  
Chest Disease ◽  
General Mobility ◽  
Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing ◽  
Do So

Physiotherapy is given to patients with chest disease in the hope of aiding the removal of secretions, improving respiratory function and increasing general mobility. Evaluating physiotherapy is difficult and until recently few attempts have been made to do so. This article considers the use of postural drainage, chest percussion and vibration, intermittent positive pressure breathing, forced expiration technique, breathing exercises and general exercises for some common chest conditions.

Combination of constant-flow and continuous positive-pressure ventilation in canine pulmonary edema

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 817-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. I. Sznajder ◽  
C. J. Becker ◽  
G. P. Crawford ◽  
L. D. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Positive Pressure Ventilation ◽  
Alveolar Ventilation ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Constant Flow ◽  
Positive End Expiratory Pressure ◽  
Ventilatory Mode ◽  
Continuous Positive Pressure ◽  
Bronchoscopic Guidance ◽  
Normal Lungs

Constant-flow ventilation (CFV) maintains alveolar ventilation without tidal excursion in dogs with normal lungs, but this ventilatory mode requires high CFV and bronchoscopic guidance for effective subcarinal placement of two inflow catheters. We designed a circuit that combines CFV with continuous positive-pressure ventilation (CPPV; CFV-CPPV), which negates the need for bronchoscopic positioning of CFV cannula, and tested this system in seven dogs having oleic acid-induced pulmonary edema. Addition of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP, 10 cmH2O) reduced venous admixture from 44 +/- 17 to 10.4 +/- 5.4% and kept arterial CO2 tension (PaCO2) normal. With the innovative CFV-CPPV circuit at the same PEEP and respiratory rate (RR), we were able to reduce tidal volume (VT) from 437 +/- 28 to 184 +/- 18 ml (P less than 0.001) and elastic end-inspiratory pressures (PEI) from 25.6 +/- 4.6 to 17.7 +/- 2.8 cmH2O (P less than 0.001) without adverse effects on cardiac output or pulmonary exchange of O2 or CO2; indeed, PaCO2 remained at 35 +/- 4 Torr even though CFV was delivered above the carina and at lower (1.6 l.kg-1.min-1) flows than usually required to maintain eucapnia during CFV alone. At the same PEEP and RR, reduction of VT in the CPPV mode without CFV resulted in CO2 retention (PaCO2 59 +/- 8 Torr). We conclude that CFV-CPPV allows CFV to effectively mix alveolar and dead spaces by a small bulk flow bypassing the zone of increased resistance to gas mixing, thereby allowing reduction of the CFV rate, VT, and PEI for adequate gas exchange.

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