scholarly journals Registration of the flight dynamics of economically important aphid species using the Johnson’s suction trap and its importance in the integrated protection of agricultural crops

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-252
Keyword(s):  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Harvest Data ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Suction Trap ◽  
Winged Aphid

The main aim of the study was to become acquainted with the daily and seasonal dynamics of flights of ten economically important aphid species in Johnson’s suction trap in Winna Góra in 2018–2020. In the 2018 a total of 3.584 winged aphid specimens were caught, in 2019 – 5.049, and in 2020 – 9.411. Five aphid species were noticed as the most numerous: Rhopalosiphum padi, Sitobion avenae, Aphis fabae, Myzus persicae and Anoecia corni. Members of bird cherry-oat aphid (R. padi) dominated in all the years of observation. The number of caught aphids depended on the weather conditions in individual decades. Harvest data, in conjunction with the course of temperatures and rainfall in individual years, may constitute the basis for establishing short- and long-term forecasts of the emergence of economically important aphid species.

scholarly journals Diversity of aphid pests on the crops in Kanchanpur district, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Mahadev Bista
Keyword(s):  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Maidis ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Macrosiphum Rosae ◽  
Different Parts

A survey was conducted to explore the aphid pests’ diversity in Kanchanpur district, far-western, Nepal from April 2018 to March 2019. A total of 15 aphid pests were collected and identified, viz. Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), Aphis craccivora (Koch), Aphis gossypii (Glover), Aphis fabae (Scopoli), Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe, Brevicoryne brassicae (Linnaeus), Lipaphis erysmi (Kaltenbach), Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), Macrosiphum rosae (Linnaeus), Myzus persicae (Sulzer), Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch), Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus), Rhopalosiphum rufiadominale (Sasaki), Uroleucon compositae (Theobald), and the guava aphid. Exploration of aphid pests showed that they caused serious damages to agricultural crops by attacking different parts of plants.

Short- and Long-Term Health Challenges of Transportation Workforce due to Extreme Weather Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjgna Karthick ◽  
Sharareh Kermanshachi ◽  
Behzad Rouhanizadeh ◽  
Mostafa Namian
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Short And Long Term

scholarly journals Plum Pox in North America: Identification of Aphid Vectors and a Potential Role for Fruit in Virus Spread

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 868-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Gildow ◽  
Vern Damsteegt ◽  
Andrew Stone ◽  
William Schneider ◽  
Douglas Luster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Plum Pox Virus ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Metopolophium Dirhodum ◽  
Aphid Vectors

Thirteen aphid species were tested for their ability to transmit Pennsylvania isolates of Plum pox virus (PPV) collected in Columbia (PENN-3), Franklin (PENN-4), and York (PENN-7) Counties, PA. Four species, Aphis fabae, A. spiraecola, Brachycaudus persicae, and Myzus persicae, consistently transmitted PPV in preliminary transmission tests. Two species, Metopolophium dirhodum and Rhopalosiphum padi, were occasional inefficient vectors. Toxoptera citricida, from Florida, also was an effective vector but it does not occur in major stone-fruit-growing states. Species not transmitting PPV in parallel tests included Acyrthosiphon pisum, Aphis glycines, Aulacorthum solani, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Rhopalosiphum maidis, and Sitobion avenae. When given a 3-day probing access period simultaneously on PPV-infected peach seedlings and healthy peach seedlings, Myzus persicae, Aphis spiraecola, A. fabae, and B. persicae transmitted PPV to 63, 31, 38, and 32% of the healthy peach seedlings, respectively. When given a similar probing period on PPV-infected peach fruit and healthy peach seedlings, the same aphid species transmitted PPV to 50, 35, 0, and 0% of seedlings, respectively. Results support the hypothesis of secondary PPV spread by indigenous aphids in Pennsylvania, and suggest that PPV-infected fruit has the potential to function as a virus source for long-distance dispersal.

scholarly journals The life cycle functional response of Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) to higher temperature: territorial expansion of permanent parthenogenetic development as a result of warmer weather conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemysław Strażyński ◽  
Maria Ruszkowska
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Cereal Aphids ◽  
Primary Host ◽  
Territorial Expansion ◽  
Winter Cereals ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Abstract Bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) is the most abundant aphid species on cereals in Poland. It represents approximately 80% of all cereal aphids. Its anholocyclic forms are the most important vectors of Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). These forms are new among the Polish population of R. padi. Their changes in development are the result of higher temperatures. High spring and summer temperatures initiate a change in the run of R. padi’s life cycle, which begins to reproduce by means of permanent parthenogenesis. In autumn, this aphid does not fly back to the primary host but inhabits wild grasses. It is in autumn that winter cereals emerge. This results in what appears to be a new problem because this viral infection spreads in warmer environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Aphids of the genus Diuraphis caught by Johnson suction trap in Poznań, Poland

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-330
Author(s):  
Przemysław Strażyński ◽  
Maria Ruszkowska ◽  
Arleta Krówczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
National Research Institute ◽  
Mild Winter ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Suction Trap

AbstractIn 1973-2011 in Poznań, aphid catches were carried out using Johnson’s suction trap. Since then the suction trap located at the Institute of Plant Protection - National Research Institute in Poznań has continuously recorded the daily and seasonal dynamics of aphid flights. The collected results has been used to establish one of the largest databases of this type in Europe. The data also allow tracking changes in aphid biodiversity under the changing climatic conditions. Three aphid species of Diuraphis spp. were identified: D. muehlei (Börner, 1950) - in 1974, D. bromicola (Hille Ris Lambers, 1959) - in 1988, D. noxia (Kurdjumov, 1913) - in 2003 as a result of systematic and long-term aphid collections. The occurrence of D. noxia presents a particular risk to cereal crops in Poland. This expansive aphid species that originates from Asia and the Mediterranean is a vector of Barley yellow dwarf viruses (BYDV), and has become one of the most important pest of wheat and barley in the world. Changes in climatic conditions that have been observed in recent years in Poland such as hot summer, long and warm autumn, mild winter seem to be optimal for occurrence and development of aphid species from warmer parts of Europe.

scholarly journals Species composition and the number of aphids on seed potato in the Arkhangelsk region

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
А.А. Шаманин ◽  
Л.А. Попова ◽  
М.Н. Берим ◽  
Л.Н. Головина
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Seed Potatoes ◽  
Arkhangelsk Region ◽  
Quality Potato ◽  
Northern Territories

Северная часть территории Архангельской области характеризуется благоприятными фитосанитарными условиями для производства семенного картофеля. В то же время на урожайность и качество картофеля негативно влияет повреждение его тлями, многие виды которых – переносчики опасных вирусных заболеваний. Цель наших исследований: уточнение видового состава и оценка динамики численности тлей – возможных носителей инфекционной нагрузки при выращивании высококачественного семенного материала картофеля в условиях северных районов Архангельской области. Исследования проводили в 2018–2019 годах в северной части Архангельской области (Холмогорский район, ООО «Агрофирма «Холмогорская»). Опытный участок был представлен посадками картофеля различных сортов первого полевого поколения. Предшественник – вико-овсяная смесь на силос. Погодные условия за период проведения исследований значительно отличались по температурному режиму. Сумма среднесуточных температур в 2018 году составила 1239,1 °С, в 2019 году – 918,4 °С. Количество выпавших осадков незначительно отличалось по годам. Тип почв в изучаемом регионе – подзолистые на суглинистой бескарбонатной морене. Мониторинг тлей-переносчиков вирусных заболеваний проводился методом отлова желтыми сосудами, заполненными водой (ловушки Мерике). На опытном поле располагали четыре ловушки по периметру учетного поля не ближе, чем 5 м от края. Дата установки ловушек соответствовала прорастанию клубней картофеля. Изучение динамики лета тлей в условиях северных территорий Архангельской области позволило выявить видовой состав и численность популяций тлей, присутствующих на посадках семенного картофеля. Выявлено девять видов, пять из которых – потенциальные источники вирусной инфекции. При сравнительно небольших различиях по количеству выпавших осадков и более низких температурах, в 2019 году выявлено на 41% меньше особей тлей, чем в более теплом 2018 году. Наибольшая численность выявлена у черемухово-злаковой тли Rhopalosiphum padi L. – 19–25 особей (23–30%) и бобовой тли Aphis fabae Scop. – 19–16 особей (18–25%). Доля тлей, непосредственно питающихся на картофеле и являющихся прямыми переносчиками вирусов, в 2018 составляла 37%, в 2019 году – 38%. Доля потенциальных переносчиков инфекции за счет пробных уколов в 2018 году составляла 31%, в 2019 году – 44%. The northern part of the Arkhangelsk region is characterized by favorable phytosanitary conditions for the production of seed potatoes. However, the yield and quality of potatoes are adversely affected by aphids, many of which are vectors of dangerous viral diseases. The purpose of our research was to clarify the species composition and assess the dynamics of the number of aphids and possible transfers of infectious load when growing high-quality potato seed material in the Northern districts of the Arkhangelsk region. The research was carried out in 2018–2019 in the northern part of the Arkhangelsk region (Holmogorsky district, Holmogorskaya Agrofirm LLC). The experimental site was represented by planting potatoes of different varieties of the category of the first field generation. The precursor is the vico-oat mixture on the silo. Weather conditions during the period of research significantly differed in temperature conditions. The sum of the average daily temperatures in 2018 was 1239.1 °C, in 2019 – 918.4 °C. The amount of precipitation varied slightly over the years. The type of soil in the studied region is podzolic on a loamy, carbon-free moraine. Monitoring of aphids-vectors of viral diseases was carried out by catching yellow vessels filled with water (Merike traps). On the experimental field, 4 traps were located along the perimeter of the accounting field no closer than 5 meters from the edge. The date of setting the traps corresponded to the germination of potato tubers. The study of the dynamics of the flight of aphids in the northern territories of the Arkhangelsk region revealed the species composition and the number of populations of aphids present at the planting of seed potatoes. Nine species have been identified, 5 of which are potential sources of viral infection. With relatively small differences in precipitation and lower temperatures, 41% fewer aphids were detected in 2019 than in warmer 2018. The largest number was found in the black-grain apthat Rhopalosiphum padi L. 19–25 individuals (23–30%) and bean wase и Aphis fabae Scop. – 19–16 individuals (18–25%). The proportion of aphids directly fed on potatoes and are direct vectors of viruses in 2018 was 37%, in 2019 – 38%. The proportion of potential vectors of infection due to test injections in 2018 was 31%, in 2019 – 44%.

scholarly journals Capsella bursa-pastoris Is a Key Overwintering Plant for Aphids in the Mediterranean Region

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 744
Author(s):  
Serdar Satar ◽  
Nickolas G. Kavallieratos ◽  
Mustafa Tüfekli ◽  
Gül Satar ◽  
Christos G. Athanassiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Diaeretiella Rapae ◽  
Lipaphis Erysimi ◽  
Aphidius Colemani ◽  
Agricultural Plant ◽  
Globally Distributed

The reproduction of aphids depends to a great extent on their host plants, an integration that impacts on the successful expansion of overwintering populations. Therefore, a survey was conducted to evaluate the globally distributed Capsella bursa-pastoris as an overwintering host of economically important aphid species, their parasitoids and hyperparasitoids in the southern and western regions of Turkey from November to March in 2006 to 2013. During this survey, 395 samples of C. bursa-pastoris were collected with 25 aphid species recorded. Among aphids that feed on this host, Myzus persicae, Aphis gossypii, Rhopalosiphum padi, Aphis fabae, Aphis craccivora, Lipaphis erysimi, and Brevicoryne brassicae were the most frequently recorded. In total, 10,761 individual parasitoids were identified. Binodoxys angelicae, Aphidius colemani, Aphidius matricariae, Diaeretiella rapae, Ephedrus persicae, and Lysiphlebus confusus were the most abundant aphidiines that emerged from the aphids collected from C. bursa-pastoris. Alloxysta spp. (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea), Chalcidoidea (unidentified at genus level), and Dendrocerus spp. (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronoidea) were identified as hyperparasitoids on the parasitoids. These findings indicate that C. bursa-pastoris is a key non-agricultural plant that significantly contributes to the overwintering of numerous aphids and their parasitoids, which should be given serious consideration when biological control strategies are designed.

scholarly journals Solanaceous Weeds as Possible Sources of Cucumber mosaic virus in Southern Illinois for Aphid Transmission to Pepper

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (11) ◽  
pp. 1221-1224 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Hobbs ◽  
D. M. Eastburn ◽  
C. J. D'Arcy ◽  
J. D. Kindhart ◽  
J. B. Masiunas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Aphid Transmission ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Southern Illinois ◽  
Specific Reactions

Over 5,000 individual plants representing approximately 55 species from an area in southern Illinois where Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) has been a major problem in pepper (Capsicum annuum) were tested for the presence of CMV by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Representative ELISA-positive samples were checked by western blot tests to confirm virus-specific reactions. Nearly all of the infected plants detected were either Solanum ptycanthum (eastern black nightshade) or Physalis spp. (principally P. heterophylla, groundcherry). Over 1,000 pepper transplants and approximately 500 tomato transplants, collected prior to planting, were negative for CMV by ELISA. In aphid transmission (arena) experiments, all five aphid species tested were capable of transmitting CMV from nightshade to pepper: Aphis fabae subsp. solanella, Aphis gossypii, Myzus persicae, Rhopalosiphum padi, and Sitobion avenae. Aphis fabae subsp. solanella, A. gossypii, and A. nerii were able to transmit CMV from P. heterophylla to pepper. Aphis fabae subsp. solanella was commonly found colonizing nightshade from May through October in southern Illinois.

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