GO potato aeroponic seed production in Indonesia, producers’ perception toward the benefits and challenges

The high-quality potato seed availability in Indonesia always to be attempted continuously by Indonesian governments to encourage national potato production optimization. One of the efforts is through aeroponic potato seed production. The G0 (zero generation seed) aeroponic potato produces a better yield and healthier tuber compare to G0 conventional potato production. IVegRI has undertaken studies related to G0 potato aeroponic. The results have been disseminated and some of them have been adopted by the potato producers in various regions in Indonesia. The study aimed to investigate the potato aeroponic seed production in Indonesia based on the producers’ perception of the benefits and challenges. The study was conducted from April to December 2017, in 8 districts from 6 provinces, engaging 18 G0 aeroponic potato producers. Data were analyzed descriptively. The resulting study showed that G0 aeroponic producers perceived the production of G0 aeroponic potato as more profitable compared to G0 conventional. The advantages covered: the production was higher, the yield tuber was healthier and sterile, and also it could be produced anytime. Meanwhile, challenges faced were: initially investment cost was quite expensive, electricity installation frequently was unstable and, the challenge concocted a suitable potato aeroponic nutrition.

Risk Management of Granola Potato Seeds Production: A Study in Kertasari, West Java, Indonesia

The quality of potato seeds is important to support increased production. The majority of farmers do not certify potato seeds, which can result in various risks for potato seed production activities. This research aims to identify the risks of potato seed production and formulate risk control strategies for potato seeds production. The research uses house of risk method. The results of this study show thirty-nine identified risk events. The most impactful risk event was rotten potato. Thirty-two identified risk agents with two priorities must be handled first. The most effective ways in handling strategy are training, the certification of potato seed breeder farmers, potato seed certification, as well as purchasing breeder seeds from vegetable crop research center and from other seed breeders. This research suggests the needs to produce quality potato seeds by certifying potato seed and to update the competency certification of potato seed breeders.

Use of Quality Potato Seeds in Family Farming Systems in the Highlands Zones of Peru

In the Andean region of Peru, the predominant production system for potatoes is family farming, oriented towards self-consumption, seed provision, and the sale of surplus production. Labor force activities for land preparation, sowing, maintenance, harvest and postharvest are under the responsibility of the family and eventually they hire farm laborers, when parcels are of a considerable size. Approximately 95% of the cultivated surface of potato crops is located in the high Andean zone, from 3000 to 4200 meters above sea level (masl), employing native varieties of tuber seeds and modern seeds introduced to production systems in the past 50 years. Potato systems in Peru, like the majority of underdeveloped countries, are characterized by the co-existence of formal and informal systems. Formal systems prioritize production and commercialization of seeds of just a few varieties positioned in modern markets which are regulated and accredited by a certification body according to the current legislation, while in the informal system the guarantee of seed quality falls under the responsibility of the very producers and users of those seeds.

Design and Experimental Research on Soil Covering Device with Linkage and Differential Adjustment of Potato Planter

When the potato planter works on sloping field, it will cause problems such as poor film mulching quality due to the difference in volume of soil covering both sides of the discs and the inconvenient adjustment of the soil covering disc. The soil covering device with linkage and differential adjustment was designed to improve the mulching quality. The main research content includes explaining the structure and principle of the soil covering device and analyzing the structural parameters of the adjustment mechanism. The field experiment was completed to verify the performance of soil covering device, which takes the stability coefficient and uniformity coefficient of the volume of covering soil as factors. The result shows the following: (1) The volume of covering soil changes exponentially with the angle of the disc through data fitting, which can standardize the angle of covering disc; and (2) when the angle of disc is 30° and 60°, respectively, the uniformity coefficient of volume of covering soil is lower than 1.4, which has premium soil covering quality. When the angles of the discs on both sides differ greatly, the stability coefficient of volume of covering soil is 0.41, which can meet the requirements of the mulching quality of potato planter. This research provides the technical support for high-quality potato planting.

Pendampingan Pengembangan Kentang di Dataran Medium Desa Santong-Kabupaten Lombok Utara

The development of potato crops in West Nusa Tenggara Province has been carried out in the Sembalun plateau. However, the Sembalun region faces limited infrastructure support capacity, so one of the strategies to increase potato production is to expand potato development to areas outside the Sembalun region, namely to potential medium plain areas. North Lombok regency has a potential medium plain for the development of potato crops, namely in the santong area of Kayangan subdistrict and Senaru area of Bayan Subdistrict. The National Strategic Excellence Research Team of Mataram University has conducted research for the development of quality potato seeds in the Santong region, followed by the assistance of its development. The results of this sideways show from the aspect of potato cultivation can grow and produce well, but the obstacle faced is the high intensity of attacks of plant destruction organisms. The expansion into this medium plain demands technological innovation of potato production in the medium plain. Therefore, it is considered necessary to conduct sustainable assistance of potato development in North Lombok Regency

Justification of an effective method of potatoes harvesting

It is proved that high-quality potato harvesting is one of the most important technological operations that contributes to improving the safety of tubers during their storage. It is established that the digging working body on the potato harvester has low agrotechnical performance parameters, which directly affect the productivity, quality of harvested tubers, work and resistivity of the harvesting unit. A bar digging working body is proposed, the use of which allows to reduce the volume of soil supplied to elevators, which improves the separation of pile, and the tubers after the passage of the unit are not covered with soil coming off the conveyor. In addition, the rod working body allows the harvesting machine to work within the limits of agrotechnical requirements, eliminating damages and losses of tubers, improving the aggregate composition of the soil, as well as reducing its specific traction resistance and increasing productivity.

PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI BENIH G0 KENTANG MELALUI MODIFIKASI TEKNOLOGI BUDIDAYA

Efforts to procure quality potato seeds are continuously being made, including using plantlet cuttings to produce G0 seeds. Several cultivation technologies can be used to increase the quality and quantity of G0 potato seeds. This study aims to increase the production of G0 potato seeds through modification of cultivation technology, namely planting media, number of cuttings, planting, and hood. The research was conducted from November 2017 to March 2018 in a plastic house in Lembang, West Bandung, West Java with an altitude of 1.200 m above sea level. The experiment used a completely randomized block design (RCBD) with eight treatments and ten replications. The variety used was Granola L. The results showed that the best modification of cultivation technology to increase the production of the number of tubers per G0 potato plant was a mixture of soil, manure, roasted husk (1: 1: 1) + heaping + 2 seeds + without hoods.

Species composition and the number of aphids on seed potato in the Arkhangelsk region

Северная часть территории Архангельской области характеризуется благоприятными фитосанитарными условиями для производства семенного картофеля. В то же время на урожайность и качество картофеля негативно влияет повреждение его тлями, многие виды которых – переносчики опасных вирусных заболеваний. Цель наших исследований: уточнение видового состава и оценка динамики численности тлей – возможных носителей инфекционной нагрузки при выращивании высококачественного семенного материала картофеля в условиях северных районов Архангельской области. Исследования проводили в 2018–2019 годах в северной части Архангельской области (Холмогорский район, ООО «Агрофирма «Холмогорская»). Опытный участок был представлен посадками картофеля различных сортов первого полевого поколения. Предшественник – вико-овсяная смесь на силос. Погодные условия за период проведения исследований значительно отличались по температурному режиму. Сумма среднесуточных температур в 2018 году составила 1239,1 °С, в 2019 году – 918,4 °С. Количество выпавших осадков незначительно отличалось по годам. Тип почв в изучаемом регионе – подзолистые на суглинистой бескарбонатной морене. Мониторинг тлей-переносчиков вирусных заболеваний проводился методом отлова желтыми сосудами, заполненными водой (ловушки Мерике). На опытном поле располагали четыре ловушки по периметру учетного поля не ближе, чем 5 м от края. Дата установки ловушек соответствовала прорастанию клубней картофеля. Изучение динамики лета тлей в условиях северных территорий Архангельской области позволило выявить видовой состав и численность популяций тлей, присутствующих на посадках семенного картофеля. Выявлено девять видов, пять из которых – потенциальные источники вирусной инфекции. При сравнительно небольших различиях по количеству выпавших осадков и более низких температурах, в 2019 году выявлено на 41% меньше особей тлей, чем в более теплом 2018 году. Наибольшая численность выявлена у черемухово-злаковой тли Rhopalosiphum padi L. – 19–25 особей (23–30%) и бобовой тли Aphis fabae Scop. – 19–16 особей (18–25%). Доля тлей, непосредственно питающихся на картофеле и являющихся прямыми переносчиками вирусов, в 2018 составляла 37%, в 2019 году – 38%. Доля потенциальных переносчиков инфекции за счет пробных уколов в 2018 году составляла 31%, в 2019 году – 44%. The northern part of the Arkhangelsk region is characterized by favorable phytosanitary conditions for the production of seed potatoes. However, the yield and quality of potatoes are adversely affected by aphids, many of which are vectors of dangerous viral diseases. The purpose of our research was to clarify the species composition and assess the dynamics of the number of aphids and possible transfers of infectious load when growing high-quality potato seed material in the Northern districts of the Arkhangelsk region. The research was carried out in 2018–2019 in the northern part of the Arkhangelsk region (Holmogorsky district, Holmogorskaya Agrofirm LLC). The experimental site was represented by planting potatoes of different varieties of the category of the first field generation. The precursor is the vico-oat mixture on the silo. Weather conditions during the period of research significantly differed in temperature conditions. The sum of the average daily temperatures in 2018 was 1239.1 °C, in 2019 – 918.4 °C. The amount of precipitation varied slightly over the years. The type of soil in the studied region is podzolic on a loamy, carbon-free moraine. Monitoring of aphids-vectors of viral diseases was carried out by catching yellow vessels filled with water (Merike traps). On the experimental field, 4 traps were located along the perimeter of the accounting field no closer than 5 meters from the edge. The date of setting the traps corresponded to the germination of potato tubers. The study of the dynamics of the flight of aphids in the northern territories of the Arkhangelsk region revealed the species composition and the number of populations of aphids present at the planting of seed potatoes. Nine species have been identified, 5 of which are potential sources of viral infection. With relatively small differences in precipitation and lower temperatures, 41% fewer aphids were detected in 2019 than in warmer 2018. The largest number was found in the black-grain apthat Rhopalosiphum padi L. 19–25 individuals (23–30%) and bean wase и Aphis fabae Scop. – 19–16 individuals (18–25%). The proportion of aphids directly fed on potatoes and are direct vectors of viruses in 2018 was 37%, in 2019 – 38%. The proportion of potential vectors of infection due to test injections in 2018 was 31%, in 2019 – 44%.

West Java Potato Farmers’ Preference on The Quality Characteristics of Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute Potato Varieties

The availability of a high-quality potato seed will affect the increasing of Indonesia potato production. Indonesia Vegetables Research Institute (IVegRI) attempts to produce various high-quality potato varieties. The potatoes are needed to be disseminated to users. Therefore, they could create benefits in terms of increasing farmers' production and revenue. The objective of the study was to identify West Java potato farmers' preference for the seven potato varieties that have been released by IVegRI. The survey was carried out in Garut district, West Java province, Indonesia. Total, 32 potato farmers, participated in the survey from January to September 2019. The Perceived Quality (PQ) was used to analyze data. The result indicates three potato varieties preferred by potato farmers were Dayang sumbi, Sangkuriang, and Medians, respectively. The result would be useful for the IVegRI to create better potato varieties in the future.