scholarly journals Randomized controlled trial of erdosteine for acute cough in children with colds

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Yenny Yenny ◽  
Roni Naning ◽  
Amalia Setyati
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Clinical Improvement ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Acute Cough ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference

Background T h e prevalence of the common cold in children is high, v.ith 30% of cases exhibiting an acute cough, the most common complaint by parents. Erdosteine, a recently developed cough medicine, is available for children. Erdosteine has been reported to increase mucodliary clearance, act as an antioxidant and prevent bacterial adhesion.Objective To assess the clinical improvement in acute cough in children \\lith a common cold taking erdosteine vs. a placebo.Methods We conducted a double􀀾blind, randomized, controlled trial at the Public Health Center of Gedongtengen, Yogyakarta with 140 children selected by a consecutive sampling method. Research subjects were randomized by computer program into two treatment groups, those receiving erdosteine therapy and those receiving a placebo. Both groups were monitored for 6 days. A scoring system was used to assess the improvement of acute cough symptoms and analyzed by Chi-square test.Results No significant differences in basic characteristics, cough severity, or environment were found among the 140 children with common cold in the two groups. After 6 days of treatment, no significant difference in clinical improvement of acute cough was found between the erdosteine (65 subjects improved out of 70) and placebo groups (62/70),92.5% and 88.6%, respectively (P=0.382).Conclusion Erdosteine was not more effective than the placebo for treatment of acute cough in children with common cold.

scholarly journals Perbandingan Aromaterapi Pepermin dengan Ondansetron Intravena sebagai Terapi Rescue Mual Muntah Pascaoperasi Mastektomi

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Arna Fransisca ◽  
Iwan Fuadi ◽  
Dewi Yulianti Bisri
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference

Mual muntah pascaoperasi merupakan salah satu komplikasi anestesi dan operasi yang menjadi perhatian khusus karena memengaruhi kualitas pelayanan kesehatan, memperpanjang lama perawatan, dan meningkatkan angka morbiditas perioperatif. Pascaoperasi payudara berkaitan dengan angka kejadian mual muntah pascaoperasi yang tinggi. Beberapa konsensus penatalaksanaan mual muntah pascaoperasi merekomendasikan pemberian terapi nonfarmakologi dengan aromaterapi sebagai terapi rescue untuk mengatasi mual muntah pascaoperasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan aromaterapi pepermin dengan ondansetron sebagai terapi rescue dalam menurunkan kejadian mual muntah pascaoperasi mastektomi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental yang dilakukan secara prospektif dengan desain penelitian double blind randomized controlled trial dan consecutive sampling terhadap 32 subjek penelitian yang menjalani operasi mastektomi elektif dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada bulan Juli–September 2018. Pada penelitian ini, data ordinal diuji dengan Uji Mann Whitney dan untuk data kategorik diuji dengan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan penurunan kejadian mual muntah pascaoperasi yang signifikan pada kelompok pepermin dibanding dengan kelompok ondansetron dengan perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,05) pada penilaian menit kedua dan menit kelima setelah perlakuan. Simpulan, aromaterapi pepermin efektif menurunkan kejadian mual muntah pascaoperasi mastektomi dan dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif terapi atau terapi tambahan untuk penatalaksanaan mual muntah pascaoperasi.Comparison of Peppermint Aromatherapy with Ondansetron Intravenous as a Rescue for Postoperative Nausea Vomiting after Mastectomy SurgeryPostoperative nausea and vomiting are among anesthesia and surgery  complications that receive special considerations as it affects the quality of healthcare services, prolongs care, and increases perioperative morbidities. The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting is high in patients that have undergone breast surgery. The consensus for postoperative nausea and vomiting management recommends non-pharmacological treatments, one of which is through the use of aromatherapy as a rescue to resolve postoperative nausea and vomiting. This study aimed to compare the effects of peppermint aromatherapy and ondansetron as a rescue in reducing the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting after elective mastectomies. This was a prospective experimental double blind randomized controlled trial study with consecutive sampling on 32 research subjects underwent elective mastectomies and met the inclusion criteria in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in July–September 2018. The ordinal data were tested using the Mann Whitney statistics test and the categorical data using the chi square test. The results show a significant decrease in nausea and vomiting incidence in the peppermint group compared to the ondansetron group with significant difference (p<0.05) in two minutes and five minutes after treatment. In conclusion, peppermint aromatherapy is effective in reducing the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting after mastectomies and can be used as an alternative or additional treatment in managing postoperative nausea and vomiting.

Efficacy of a step-down regimen of oral prednisolone in axial spondyloarthritis: result of a double-blind randomized controlled trial (COBRA-AS Study)

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debashish Mishra ◽  
Varun Dhir ◽  
G S R S N K Naidu ◽  
Aastha Khullar ◽  
Vishal Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Oral Prednisolone ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Inadequate Response ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Step Down

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a step-down regimen of oral prednisolone over 24 weeks in patients of axial SpA (axSpA). Methods This proof-of-concept double-blind randomized controlled trial enrolled patients with active axSpA (BASDAI ≥4) having predominantly axial disease (≤1 active joint currently) and inadequate response to NSAIDs. They were randomized to receive either oral prednisolone (n = 32) or placebo (n = 33) at a dose of 60, 40, 30, 20, 15 and 10 mg daily for 1 week each, following which they received 5 mg prednisolone (or placebo) daily for 18 weeks. The primary endpoint was a 50% improvement in the BASDAI (BASDAI50) at week 24. Analysis was intention to treat. Results A BASDAI50 was achieved by 12 of 32 patients (37.5%) in the prednisolone arm and 3 of 33 patients (9.1%) in the placebo arm at 24 weeks [difference 28.4% (95% CI 7.9, 46.7)]. However, there was no difference in achieving a 20 or 40% improvement in the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society response between the groups. Although there was a significant intergroup difference in adjusted ΔBASDAI and ΔAnkylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score with CRP at 24 weeks, there was no difference at 12 weeks. There was also no significant difference in ΔBASFI, ΔBAS-G or ΔBASMI at 12 or 24 weeks. No serious adverse events were noted. There was significant weight gain in the first 12 weeks in the prednisolone group vs placebo [0.9 (s.d. 0.4) kg], but not at 24 weeks. Conclusions In this small study, oral prednisolone was efficacious in axSpA in achieving the primary outcome, but many crucial secondary outcomes such as functional improvement were not met. Its impact on bone loss was not studied. Trial registration: CTRI/2018/01/011342.

Probiotic bacteria reduced duration and severity but not the incidence of common cold episodes in a double blind, randomized, controlled trial

Vaccine ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (44-46) ◽  
pp. 6670-6674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael de Vrese ◽  
Petra Winkler ◽  
Peter Rautenberg ◽  
Timm Harder ◽  
Christian Noah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomized Controlled

scholarly journals Effects of Bupropion on Cognitive Function in Schizophrenia: A Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Mansoureh Mirzadeh ◽  
Najmeh Shahini ◽  
Masoud Kashani Lotf Abadi ◽  
Maryam Tavakoli ◽  
Arash Javanbakht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

<p>Smoking habits are common in schizophrenic patients. Nicotine can suppress negative symptoms and cognitive impairments. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of bupropion on cognitive function in schizophrenic patients.<strong> </strong>This study is a double blind randomized controlled trial in a large referral psychiatric university hospital in Iran. Ninety smoker schizophrenic patients were randomly allocated (based on DSM -IV TR criteria) in two groups (46 patients for case group and 44 patients in control group). They get risperidone up to 6 mg/d and bupropion up to 400 mg/d .clinical assessment (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS) were taken in beginning of study, 14<sup>th</sup> and 28<sup>th</sup> days of study. Cognitive assessment (Stroop, Digit Span, and Wechsler, Wisconsin) were taken in begging of study, the days 2<sup>nd</sup>, 7<sup>th</sup>, 14<sup>th</sup>, 28<sup>th</sup>. All data were analyzed by SPSS Ver. 17 with analytic and descriptive tests. Mean age of patients was 37.66±1.01. Mean duration of disorder was 11.63±.98 years. The scores were significantly lower at the day 28<sup>th</sup> compared to the beginning of the study in both groups in Wechsler, Stroop color word , Stroop word , Stroop color , BPRS, PANSS p value ≤0.05 .The difference between the two treatments was not significant as indicated by the effect of group, the between-subjects factor<strong> </strong><strong>p </strong>value ≥0.05. In this study, the side effects were examined and there was no significant difference between the two groups p value ≥0.05.<strong> </strong>Augmentation of bupropion to routine treatment improves cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia in abstinence of tobacco.</p>

A prospective double-blind randomized controlled trial of the effect of topical bupivacaine on post-operative pain in bilateral nasal surgery with bilateral nasal packs inserted

2005 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm A Buchanan ◽  
Graham R Dunn ◽  
Gillian M MacDougall
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Local Anaesthetic ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Nasal Surgery ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Control Power ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

To ascertain whether local anaesthetic use is of clinical benefit in nasal surgery, a prospective double-blind randomized controlled trial of topical bupivacaine on post-operative pain in patients packed after bilateral nasal surgery was carried out. Each patient received a bupivacaine-soaked and a saline-soaked Merocel pack, thereby acting as their own control. Power analysis ascertained the number of patients required to enter the trial to detect a statistically significant difference in pain. Fifty-seven patients completed the trial. Visual analogue scales determined the level of post-operative pain at different time points in each nostril. Less pain was demonstrated in nostrils containing bupivacaine-soaked packs compared with saline-soaked packs at two hours (p < 0.0001), four hours (p = 0.0183) and six hours (p = 0.0476) post-operatively. Although not statistically significant, less pain was noted on pack removal on the local anaesthetic sides. These results provide clinical-based evidence for the use of bupivacaine as a local anaesthetic in reducing pain following nasal surgery with packing.

Early analgesic effects of intravenous parecoxib and rectal diclofenac following laparoscopic sterilization: A double-blind, double-dummy randomized controlled trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Alexander Ng, MD, FRCA ◽  
Ajay Swami, FFARCSI ◽  
Graham Smith, MD, FRCA ◽  
Joe Emembolu, FRCOG
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Rescue Analgesia ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Laparoscopic Sterilization ◽  
Rescue Antiemetic

The aim of this double-blind double-dummy randomized controlled trial was to investigate if there was any difference in analgesia between the maximum recommended doses of rectal diclofenac and iv parecoxib after laparoscopic sterilization. The authors studied 55 ASA I-II patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopy; each patient received either preoperative rectal diclofenac 100 mg and 2 mL of normal saline at induction of anesthesia, or preoperative placebo suppository and 2 mL of parecoxib 40 mg at induction. Pain intensity, sedation, and nausea were measured using a 100-mm visual analogue scale on awakening and at 1, 2, and 3 hour postoperatively. Median (interquartile range) pain intensity at rest on awakening and at 1, 2, and 3 hour postoperatively were 15 (0-40), 37 (10-56), 16 (6-29), and 13 (2-32) mm, respectively, in the parecoxib group, and 3 (0-34), 22 (5-45), 24 (6-37), and 10 (4-21) mm, respectively, in the diclofenac group. There was no significant difference in these scores. Furthermore, there was no significant difference between the two groups in sedation, nausea, rescue analgesia, or rescue antiemetic consumption. Preoperative rectal diclofenac 100 mg and parecoxib 40 mg iv at induction of anesthesia were found to have equianalgesic effects after laparoscopic sterilization. Both drugs appear to be useful after short anaesthetics.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Suplementasi Seng Terhadap Kejadian Pneumonia pada Penyakit Jantung Bawaan Pirau Kiri ke Kanan

Sari Pediatri ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Elvi Suryati ◽  
Agus Priyatno ◽  
Noor Wijayahadi
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Latar belakang. Anak dengan penyakit jantung bawaan (PJB) pirau kiri ke kanan lebih mudah menderitapneumonia. Seng merupakan trace element yang berperan dalam sistem imunitas tubuh.Tujuan. Membuktikan pengaruh suplementasi seng dalam mencegah kejadian pneumonia pada anak PJBpirau kiri ke kanan.Metode. Dilakukan double blind randomized controlled trial pada anak PJB pirau kiri ke kanan usia 12–60bulan di Poliklinik Kardiologi Anak RS dr Kariadi. Subjek penelitian dibagi 2 kelompok yang mendapatsuplementasi seng 20 mg/hari dan plasebo, pemberian selama 2 minggu, selanjutnya dipantau selama 3bulan. Data kejadian pneumonia dikumpulkan melalui wawancara saat kontrol atau melalui telepon setiap2 minggu selama 3 bulan. Pemeriksaan antropometri dan laboratorium dilakukan sebelum dan sesudahsuplementasi. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan uji chi-square dan Mann-Whitney.Hasil. Subjek 40 anak dengan PJB pirau kiri ke kanan didapatkan kejadian pneumonia pada kelompok seng(5%) lebih rendah dibanding plasebo (30%), perbedaan ini tidak berbeda bermakna. Episode pneumonialebih rendah pada kelompok seng 1 kali dibandingkan plasebo 1-2 kali selama 3 bulan pengamatan, tidakberbeda bermakna. Terdapat peningkatan kadar seng secara bermakna pada kelompok perlakuan dari median57,55 menjadi 72,42 mcg/dL dibandingkan plasebo 42,40 menjadi 52,85 mcg/dL (p=0,002). Terdapatperbedaan bermakna selisih peningkatan kadar seng pada kelompok seng 20 mcg/dL dibanding plasebo7,25 mcg/dL (p=0,004). Didapatkan manfaat suplementasi seng terhadap pencegahan pneumonia denganrelative risk reduction (RRR) 83%.Kesimpulan. Suplementasi seng menurunkan kejadian pneumonia pada anak PJB pirau kiri ke kanan.

scholarly journals Levothyroxine versus Levothyroxine with Iodine in Reduction of Thyroid Nodule Volume: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Donnie Jan D. Segocio ◽  
Joseph E. Cachuela
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Therapeutic Use ◽  
Volume Reduction ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nodule Volume

Objective: To compare levothyroxine alone and in combination with iodine on thyroid nodule volume reduction. Methods:           Design:           Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial           Setting:           Tertiary Government Hospital           Participants: Nineteen (19) euthyroid patients age 19­-54 with at least 1 cytologically benign thyroid nodule were randomized to receive either levothyroxine + iodine or levothyroxine + placebo, taken once a day for 6 months with ultrasound and thyroid stimulating hormone monitoring on the 3rd and 6th month of intervention. Results: Main outcome measures included thyroid nodule volume reduction after six months of intervention. The mean change in volume from baseline to six months of levothyroxine + iodine group showed no statistically significant difference in nodule volume across time between  levothyroxine + placebo group, -0.010 ± 1.250 (CI -0.521 - 0.501) versus 0.507 ± 1.128 (CI 0.025 - 0.990), p=.158.  There were also new nodules (4 nodules) in the placebo group and none in the iodine group. No major adverse events were noted during the study. Conclusion: The two groups did not significantly differ in terms of nodule volume reduction. Keywords: thyroid nodule, prevention and control; drug therapy; iodine compounds, therapeutic use; levothyroxine, therapeutic use

Does Artificial Rupture of Membranes (ARM) Reduce Duration of Labor in Primigravidae: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-39
Author(s):  
MB Bellad ◽  
Patil Kamal ◽  
Patil Rajeshwari
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Third Stage Of Labor ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Year

ABSTRACT Objective To study the effectiveness of artificial rupture of membranes(ARM) in reducing the duration of labor in primigravida. Methods A one year prospective randomized controlled trial was carried out on 200 primigravida (100 each to ARM and no ARM group) meeting the selection criteria. The outcomes were noted in both the groups. Data analysis was done using Chi Square and Z test. Results The mean duration of labor from enrolment to full dilation of the cervix or bearing down sensation was 4.76 ± 1.64 in ARM group compared to 5.66 ± 1.85 in the control group which was statistically significant (p value = 0.000; 95%). There was no difference in the duration of second and third stage of labor in both groups. There was no significant difference in the mode of delivery between ARM and control group. There was no significant difference in mean birth weight and Apgar score between the two groups. Conclusion ARM definitely reduced the duration of labor without any detrimental effects on fetus, mother and mode of delivery. Hence, there is no reason to strive to maintain the integrity of the fetal membranes in spontaneous labor in women where ARM is not contraindicated.

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