scholarly journals Classificação da água subterrânea para uso na irrigação

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika de Almeida Sampaio Braga ◽  
Marisete Dantas de Aquino ◽  
Carlos Márcio Soares Rocha ◽  
Luzia Suerlange Araújo dos Santos Mendes ◽  
Rebeca Felipe dos Santos Silva
Keyword(s):  
Standard Methods ◽  
Water And Wastewater

Em regiões que sofrem de escassez continua de água, a instalação de poços é uma pratica comum. Embora seja um meio eficaz para a obtenção de água, esse método não garante a qualidade da água. No Estado do Ceará, predomina o embasamento das rochas cristalinas e, como consequência, as águas contêm elevadas concentrações de íons que conferem uma alta salinidade a água. Uma das utilizações dessas águas é para a irrigação e, águas com alta salinidade, causam danos às espécies vegetais. Por essa razão, torna-se necessário uma avaliação da qualidade da água para esse uso. O estudo foi realizado em águas subterrâneas captadas de poços localizadas em cinco localidades de dois diferentes municípios do Estado do Ceará. As amostras de água foram coletadas durante o período de janeiro a março de 2020 e os parâmetros selecionados foram cálcio, magnésio e sódio, para o cálculo da Razão de Adsorção de Sódio (RAS) e, a Condutividade Élétrica (CE), para fazer a classificação das águas, segundo os riscos de sodificação (sódio) e salinização. As análises seguiram as metodologias descritas no Standard Methods for the Examinations of Water and Wastewater (APHA, 2012) e foram realizadas no Laboratório de Química Ambiental da Fundação Núcleo de Tecnologia Industrial do Ceará (NUTEC). Conforme os resultados obtidos para as classes de risos, pode-se concluir que as águas subterrâneas estavam impróprias para o uso em irrigação, a não ser que precauções especiais sejam tomadas para o uso.

scholarly journals BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY EVALUATION AND WATERS CHLORINATION OF THE COLLECTIVE ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS (CAS) IN COMPLIANCE WITH HEALTH MINISTRY ORDONNANCE N ° 2914 OF DECEMBER 12, 2011

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (29) ◽  
pp. 333-337
Author(s):  
C. C. M. SANTOS ◽  
J. T. M. PERESI ◽  
I. S. C. TEIXEIRA ◽  
S. I. L. SILVA ◽  
R. F. POVINELLI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Health Ministry ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
The Public ◽  
Enzyme Substrate ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Alternative Solutions

CAS correspond to the modalities of supply different from the public systems and have been monitored by the Program of Surveillance of the Water Quality for Human Consumption, aiming at the health protection. The free chlorine content (FC) reported with the sample Identification (N,N-Diethyl-1,4-phenylenediammonium - colorimetric) and 3703 bacteriological results (enzyme substrate technique - Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater (2005), IN the 102 municipalities covered by the (GVS 29) and 30 - Jales - SP (GVS 30) collected from 2011 TO 2016, were evaluated according to MS ordonnance No. 2914 of December 12, 2011. Of the 3670 samples from GVS region 29, 1648 (44.9%) were in legal disagreement in at least one of the parameters: FC and Escherichia coli being 1558 (94.5%) by FC and 148 (9.0%) by Escherichia coli. In the 33 samples (0.9%) from GVS 30, 3 (9.1%) were in disagreement with FC and 7 (27.5%) total coliforms, and 127 (12.6%) disagreed. (21.2%) was evidenced by coliforms, due to the inadequacy of the FC and the presence of fecal contamination indicators in the analyzed samples Results revealed the vulnerability of the water consumed by communities that use the CAS.

Validation of a novel direct-injection chemiluminescence-based method for N-nitrosamine analysis in advanced-treated recycled water, drinking water, and wastewater

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1106-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon L. Roback ◽  
Hitoshi Kodamatani ◽  
Takahiro Fujioka ◽  
Megan H. Plumlee
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Water Drinking ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Water And Wastewater

A novel method for N-nitrosamines analysis requiring significantly less time, labor and cost than standard methods is shown to have acceptable performance in multiple water matrices and yield similar results.

scholarly journals CONCENTRAÇÃO DE FÓSFORO PRESENTE NOS RECURSOS HÍDRICOS: AVALIAÇÃO DO ÍNDICE DE ESTADO TRÓFICO DO BALNEÁRIO DE QUATÁ-SP

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (Especial) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Jaine D’Aurelio Carreira ◽  
Daniel Ângelo Macena ◽  
Jaqueline Nascimento da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Population Health ◽  
Trophic State ◽  
Fish Mortality ◽  
Water Color ◽  
Vegetation Growth ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Anthropogenic Action ◽  
Water And Wastewater

Water can undergo natural physico-chemical changes, but it is often caused by anthropogenic action due to improper disposal of effluent. These changes lead to eutrophication, which results in a high index of nutrients such as phosphorus and nitrogen, leading to vegetation growth. Other consequences may be fish mortality, dark water color of water, strong odor and transfer of pathogens, which endangers population health. The present work had as objective to perform analyzes of total phosphorus in the Municipal Spa of Quatá-SP. The method used for the analyzes was Phosphorus with Reactive Orthophosphate, adapted from the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater and the results were compared with the trophic state classes and the parameters of the legislation. At the end of the analyzes, the values obtained from EIT were considered high, compromising the quality of the water in some points.

scholarly journals CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA E BACTERIOLÓGICA DOS RESÍDUOS DE ETA: A IMPORTÂNCIA DO SEU ESTUDO

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Rubia P. L. Camargo ◽  
Orlene S. Costa ◽  
Ítalo L. Fernandes ◽  
Patrícia F. Góis ◽  
Renato C. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wash Water ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Quality Class ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Waste Sludge ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Water Filters ◽  
Washing Water ◽  
Proper Disposal

The treatment of water from Anapolis - GO generates as major waste sludge in the decanter after alkalinization, coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation, and washing water after backwashing of the filters themselves. This work was carried out physical-chemical and bacterial waste by means of the methods prescribed in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. The results indicate the need for treatment and proper disposal of sludge to the decanter, as its parameters do not meet the standards required for discharge of effluents into water bodies. While the characteristics of the wash water filters are close to the standards of water quality class 2, set by the CONAMA Resolution 357. These results demonstrate the need and the importance to waste characterization.

scholarly journals Validación y estimación de incertidumbre de un método analítico para cuantificar hierro total por el método colorimétrico de la fenantrolina en agua potable y natural

2020 ◽  
pp. 154-168
Author(s):  
Jonathan Herrera M.
Keyword(s):  
Standard Methods ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Para Determinar

El siguiente proyecto consiste en la validación y estimación de la incertidumbre de un método analítico para determinar Hierro Total por el método de la Fenantrolina en muestras de aguas naturales, en el Laboratorio de Aguas Naturales del CIRA - UNAN. Esto con la finalidad de que el laboratorio demuestre que el método analítico proporciona resultados fiables, siguiendo la metodología establecida por el Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 22 ed. Washington: APHA. Dentro de este contexto el proyecto fue posible gracias al apoyo financiero de los Fondos propios de Investigación (FPI) de la UNAN-Managua. La evaluación del método se llevó a cabo tomando en cuenta criterios tales como: linealidad, rango de trabajo, límite de detección y cuantificación instrumental y del método, exactitud (Veracidad, repetibilidad), precisión intermedia, y como criterio fuera de la validación, pero de suma importancia, la estimación del sesgo o incertidumbre del método, todo esto, mediante el desarrollo de cálculos estadísticos con el objeto que el laboratorio de aguas naturales cuente con una metodología validada, como elemento necesario para la acreditación de estas variables de calidad de agua natural.

scholarly journals Comparación de métodos para el análisis de coliformes totales y fecales en muestras de agua mediante la técnica de Número Más Probable (NMP)

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-43
Author(s):  
Mauricio Redondo-Solano ◽  
María Laura Arias Echandi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Water And Wastewater

El análisis microbiológico básico del agua comprende la determinación de coliformes totales y fecales. La ausencia o presencia de los coliformes fecales en el agua define su potabilidad. El objetivo del presente estudio consistió en el diseño y ejecución de un esquema de comparación de dos técnicas para la determinación de coliformes en aguas, a partir de modificaciones aplicadas sobre la técnica de referencia de Número Más Probable (NMP) derivada del Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. Específicamente, las modificaciones incluyeron el tipo de medio utilizado en la fase presuntiva de la técnica y el uso de incubadora de aire, alternativo al baño de maría en la fase confirmatoria. Simultáneamente, se comparó el efecto del uso de equipo volumétrico tipo micropipeta automática calibrada o pipetas de vidrio estériles calibradas. Para tal efecto, se utilizaron muestras de agua artificiales, elaboradas con material del laboratorio e inoculadas con una cepa de Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 así como muestras ambientales. La metodología alternativa tiene un rendimiento superior solamente cuando el nivel de inóculo en las muestras es bajo. No se determinó ninguna diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los dos sistemas de medición volumétrica.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Evaluation of the Upper Litani River Watershed, Lebanon

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Saadeh ◽  
Lucy Semerjian ◽  
Nabil Amacha
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Physicochemical Evaluation ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Litani River ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Fertile Area

This study aims to determine the extent of groundwater damage in the Upper Litani River Basin (ULRB) after years of water mismanagement and overfertilization in what is considered to be Lebanon’s largest fertile area. Physical and chemical samples were collected between 2005 and 2010 and analyzed using “The Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater” (APHA, AWWA) in order to determine the extent of this pollution. The parameters included pH, ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, phosphate, dissolved oxygen, and total dissolved solids.

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater

1982 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1495-1496 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.H. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Standard Methods ◽  
Water And Wastewater
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document