scholarly journals Physicochemical Evaluation of the Upper Litani River Watershed, Lebanon

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Saadeh ◽  
Lucy Semerjian ◽  
Nabil Amacha
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Physicochemical Evaluation ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Litani River ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Fertile Area

This study aims to determine the extent of groundwater damage in the Upper Litani River Basin (ULRB) after years of water mismanagement and overfertilization in what is considered to be Lebanon’s largest fertile area. Physical and chemical samples were collected between 2005 and 2010 and analyzed using “The Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater” (APHA, AWWA) in order to determine the extent of this pollution. The parameters included pH, ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, phosphate, dissolved oxygen, and total dissolved solids.

scholarly journals A study of some physical, chemical and biological properties of Slabiaat River waters in Al-Muthanna province, Iraq

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-298
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
River Water ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Present study was conducted in order to assess Slabiaat water quality by measuring some physical and chemical factors of river water, the study included a choice of three stations along of Slabiaat River in Samawa city, water samples collected a monthly during the period from September 2013 August 2014. The study involved measuring the Air & water temperatures, pH, Electrical conductivity, Total dissolved solids, Dissolved oxygen, Total hardness, calcium hardness, magnesium, turbidity, and some types of bacteria in River water. The study results showed that the values of air & water temperatures have ranged between (20.1-36.6)?C , (10-21.8) in Slabiaat River, respectively . pH values ranged between (6.6-8.7). Electrical conductivity in study sites record values ranged between (2625-9775) µs? cm. Total dissolved solids showed values are changing through months of study and between stations was highest (5500 mg/L) in S3. Dissolved oxygen values ranged between (4-7 mg/L) in Slabiaat River. Total hardness, calcium and magnesium were (690-2100), (500-1020) and (12.15-325.62) mg CaCO3/L, respectively, either turbidity values were the highest value in the river is (98) NTU, and the lowest was (12) NTU. Also,It has been identified Staphylococcus, E. coli, Vibrio, Proteus & Pseudomonas in river waters. Statistically, significant differences have emerged in all physical and chemical characteristics between months at probability (P? 0.05), while did not show between stations, except for calcium hardness.

Evidence for physical and chemical stratification in Lake Untersee (central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica)

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Wand ◽  
G. Schwarz ◽  
E. Brüggemann ◽  
K. Bräuer
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Water Body ◽  
East Antarctica ◽  
Bacterial Sulphate Reduction ◽  
Chemical Stratification ◽  
Dronning Maud Land ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Vertical Gradients

Lake Untersee is the largest freshwater lake in the interior of East Antarctica. It is a perennially ice-covered, max. 169 m deep, ultra-oligotrophic lake. In contrast to earlier studies, we found clear evidence for physical and chemical stratification in the summer of 1991–92. However, the stratification was restricted to a trough, c. 500 m wide and up to 105 m deep, in the south-western part of the lake. There, the water body was distinctly stratified as indicated by sharp vertical gradients of temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and electrical conductivity. The water column was anoxic below 80 m. The chemical stratification is also indicated by changes of ionic ratios. Moreover, there was some evidence for methanogenesis and bacterial sulphate reduction in Lake Untersee.

Physical and Chemical Deterioration of Reinforced Concrete Reefs in Tongyeong Reefs Coastal Waters, Korea

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Kim ◽  
C. G. Kim ◽  
W. B. Na ◽  
J. Woo ◽  
J. K. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Extreme Event ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Concrete Cover ◽  
Marine Habitat ◽  
Seawater Salinity ◽  
Physical And Chemical

As part of a marine habitat enhancement project, the physical and chemical deterioration of reinforced concrete reefs that were fully immersed in Tongyeong waters of Korea was investigated. For the investigation, marine environmental factors such as seawater, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, sea-bottom materials, and water depth of the targeted sites were surveyed from 1997 to 2001. Then, four reinforced concrete reefs from four different sites were recovered and tested by using various destructive and nondestructive methods. Based on the observations and test results, it was seen that the reinforced concrete reefs have sound physical and chemical properties, except for chloride concentration and its associated factors. However, because of the lack of dissolved oxygen in the targeted seawaters and its continuous supply, it is concluded that the originally designed service life will be achieved, and in fact the concrete reefs will have an even longer service life than expected. By considering an extreme event such as impact loading under installation and construction, a new minimum concrete cover depth of 40 mm is introduced into practice.

scholarly journals Limnological study of Piraquara river (Upper Iguaçu basin): spatiotemporal variation of physical and chemical variables and watershed zoning

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Henrique C. Marques ◽  
Haydée Torres de Oliveira ◽  
Eunice da Costa Machado
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Serra Do Mar ◽  
Spatial Gradients ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Physical And Chemical Variables ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Iguaçu River

The Piraquara river basin (Upper Iguaçu River basin - Brazil) was studied as an ecological system throughout a complete seasonal cycle, comprising the rainy and dry season. Analyzes of 16 physical and chemical water variables (dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, temperature, pH, conductivity, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ortophosphates, nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, reagent silicate, total suspended solids, chlorophyll - a, flow velocity and depth) showed correlations between water composition and watershed physiographic features, and the Principal Component Analysis allowed to evidence spatial gradients and seasonal differences. The sampling points were clustered in patches with homogeneous behavior, according to ecologycal concepts: patch 1, with strong influence of Serra do Mar mountains; patch 2, medium course, under Piraquara Dam influence and patch 3, under wetlands influence. Two main factors of serial discontinuity were identified: the Piraquara dam effect and the influence of wetlands. The watershed zoning based on limnological characteristics seeks to subsidize research and biomonitoring for this public springs area.

scholarly journals Cladoceran abundance in relation to water quality parameters of Chakki Talab, Bodhan, Telangana

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasudha Lingampally ◽  
V.R. Solanki ◽  
D. L. Anuradha ◽  
Sabita Raja
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Biological Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
One Year

In the present study an attempt has been made to evaluate water quality and related density of Cladocerans for a period of one year, October 2015 to September 2016. Water quality parameters such as temperature, PH, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, total alkalinity, total hardness, chlorides, phosphates, and nitrates are presented here to relate with the abundance of Cladocerans. The Cladoceran abundance reflects the eutrophic nature of the Chakki talab.

scholarly journals Classificação da água subterrânea para uso na irrigação

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika de Almeida Sampaio Braga ◽  
Marisete Dantas de Aquino ◽  
Carlos Márcio Soares Rocha ◽  
Luzia Suerlange Araújo dos Santos Mendes ◽  
Rebeca Felipe dos Santos Silva
Keyword(s):  
Standard Methods ◽  
Water And Wastewater

Em regiões que sofrem de escassez continua de água, a instalação de poços é uma pratica comum. Embora seja um meio eficaz para a obtenção de água, esse método não garante a qualidade da água. No Estado do Ceará, predomina o embasamento das rochas cristalinas e, como consequência, as águas contêm elevadas concentrações de íons que conferem uma alta salinidade a água. Uma das utilizações dessas águas é para a irrigação e, águas com alta salinidade, causam danos às espécies vegetais. Por essa razão, torna-se necessário uma avaliação da qualidade da água para esse uso. O estudo foi realizado em águas subterrâneas captadas de poços localizadas em cinco localidades de dois diferentes municípios do Estado do Ceará. As amostras de água foram coletadas durante o período de janeiro a março de 2020 e os parâmetros selecionados foram cálcio, magnésio e sódio, para o cálculo da Razão de Adsorção de Sódio (RAS) e, a Condutividade Élétrica (CE), para fazer a classificação das águas, segundo os riscos de sodificação (sódio) e salinização. As análises seguiram as metodologias descritas no Standard Methods for the Examinations of Water and Wastewater (APHA, 2012) e foram realizadas no Laboratório de Química Ambiental da Fundação Núcleo de Tecnologia Industrial do Ceará (NUTEC). Conforme os resultados obtidos para as classes de risos, pode-se concluir que as águas subterrâneas estavam impróprias para o uso em irrigação, a não ser que precauções especiais sejam tomadas para o uso.

scholarly journals BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY EVALUATION AND WATERS CHLORINATION OF THE COLLECTIVE ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS (CAS) IN COMPLIANCE WITH HEALTH MINISTRY ORDONNANCE N ° 2914 OF DECEMBER 12, 2011

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (29) ◽  
pp. 333-337
Author(s):  
C. C. M. SANTOS ◽  
J. T. M. PERESI ◽  
I. S. C. TEIXEIRA ◽  
S. I. L. SILVA ◽  
R. F. POVINELLI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Health Ministry ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
The Public ◽  
Enzyme Substrate ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Alternative Solutions

CAS correspond to the modalities of supply different from the public systems and have been monitored by the Program of Surveillance of the Water Quality for Human Consumption, aiming at the health protection. The free chlorine content (FC) reported with the sample Identification (N,N-Diethyl-1,4-phenylenediammonium - colorimetric) and 3703 bacteriological results (enzyme substrate technique - Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater (2005), IN the 102 municipalities covered by the (GVS 29) and 30 - Jales - SP (GVS 30) collected from 2011 TO 2016, were evaluated according to MS ordonnance No. 2914 of December 12, 2011. Of the 3670 samples from GVS region 29, 1648 (44.9%) were in legal disagreement in at least one of the parameters: FC and Escherichia coli being 1558 (94.5%) by FC and 148 (9.0%) by Escherichia coli. In the 33 samples (0.9%) from GVS 30, 3 (9.1%) were in disagreement with FC and 7 (27.5%) total coliforms, and 127 (12.6%) disagreed. (21.2%) was evidenced by coliforms, due to the inadequacy of the FC and the presence of fecal contamination indicators in the analyzed samples Results revealed the vulnerability of the water consumed by communities that use the CAS.

scholarly journals Variation of soil nutrients and bacterial community diversity of different land utilization types in Yangtze River Basin, Chongqing Municipality

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9386
Author(s):  
Yanlin Li ◽  
Chunmei Zeng ◽  
Meijun Long
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Yangtze River Basin ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Chongqing Municipality ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The diversity and community distribution of soil bacteria in different land use types in Yangtze River Basin, Chongqing Municipality were studied by using Illumina MiSeq analysis methods. Soil physical and chemical properties were determined, and correlation analyses were performed to identify the key factors affecting bacterial numbers and α-diversity in these soils. The results showed that the soil physical and chemical properties of different land use types decrease in the order: mixed forest (M2) > pure forest (P1) > grassland (G3) > bare land (B4). There were significant differences in bacterial diversity and communities of different land use types. The diversity of different land use types showed the same sequence with the soil physical and chemical properties. The abundance and diversity of bacterial in M2 and P1 soils was significantly higher than that in G3 and B4 soils. At phylum level, G3 and B4 soils were rich in only Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, whereas M2 and P1 soils were rich in Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. At genus level, Faecalibacterium and Agathobacter were the most abundant populations in M2 soil and were not found in other soils. Pearson correlation analysis showed that soil moisture content, pH, AN, AP, AK and soil enzyme activity were significantly related to bacterial numbers, diversity and community distribution.

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