scholarly journals Utilization of Synthetic Antibody for Fumonisin Determination in Feed and Food

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasim Munawar ◽  
Kal Karim ◽  
Sergey A Piletsky
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Bulk Polymerization ◽  
Veterinary Drug ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
High Recovery ◽  
Carcinogenic Effect ◽  
Synthetic Antibody

Fumonisin contamination in food is limited around 2 – 4 ppm and in feed for different animals varies from 5 to 100 ppm. This regulation is to prevent animal and human from carcinogenic effect from fumonisins. Measurement of fumonisins frequently uses chromatography methods such as High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS); however, the sample preparation and analysis process for these methods are costly and time consuming. Immunoassays have also been employed for detecting fumonisins in food or feed. Unfortunately, the instability of antibody to harsh condition such as high temperature and pH becomes the drawback for immunoassay method. Currently, the technology based on molecularly imprinting, which is called synthetic antibody, has been established for replacing antibody functions. Therefore, the aim of this review is to describe development of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) in fumonisin analysis in feed and food. Herein, the composition and production of MIP were described comprehensively. Bulk polymerization and solid phase synthesis were methods for production of MIP in micro and nano sizes. The application of MIP was reported for sample preparation as solid phase extraction measured continuously by HPLC showing the high recovery (> 60%). Then, MIP replaced antibody in direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for quantifying fumonisins in maize with high recovery (>90%) and limit detection (2 – 6 pM). Lastly, MIP was also employed in electrochemical sensor application as receptor for recognizing fumonisin in milk and maize. In conclusion, the performance of MIP has been applied successfully for fumonisin analysis comprehensively from sample preparation and quantification. The MIP would be developed for wider application for other toxins in feed or food such as veterinary drug, heavy metals, or pesticides.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of analytical methods for the determination of aflatoxins in milk and dairy products (review information)

2020 ◽  
pp. 150-157
Author(s):  
S. Senin ◽  
V. Danchuk ◽  
S. Midyk ◽  
V. Ushkalov ◽  
O. Iakubchak
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

The dairy industry of Ukraine is developing dynamically, its needs for the quality of raw materials are growing significantly. Detection of mycotoxins in raw milk is one of the main indicators of its safety. The high degree of toxicity of mycotoxins is a threat to the health of the lactating animal, so a large number of them are excreted in milk. If we talk about ruminants, the vast majority of mycotoxins are utilized by microorganisms of the pancreas, which does not occur in monogastric animals, so the list of mycotoxins in their milk can be much wider than the secretion of mammalian mammals. To date, the maximum permissible levels (MRLs) of mycotoxins in raw milk and dairy products have been established. Thus, a comprehensive determination of the content of mycotoxins in the secretion of the breast has not only technological but also important diagnostic value. Milk sample preparation is the most important step in the determination of mycotoxins and consists of sampling, extraction and purification from impurities. For the extraction of aflatoxins, the method of liquid extraction with acetonitrile or chloroform is used. Purification of extracts is carried out on immunoaffinity columns, cartridges with special sorbents or using certain manufacturers (MycoSep®).Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection are used to determine aflatoxin B1 and M1 in raw milk of cows. However, all these methods have a number of disadvantages, namely: long and expensive sample preparation and insufficiently high selectivity. Currently, the complex determination of mycotoxins in various matrices by high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (LC-MS/MS) and the use of modified QuEChERS sample preparation is gaining popularity. The advantage of this technique is the combination of faster and cheaper sample preparation of QuEChERS samples with highly selective LC-MS/MS chromatography. Key words: mycotoxins, raw milk, analytical methods, QuEChERS.

Analysis of Cyanazine and Atrazine in Cucumber by Pseudo Imprinted Solid-Phase Extraction Coupled with Liquid Chromatography

2012 ◽  
Vol 503-504 ◽  
pp. 289-292
Author(s):  
Hong Yuan Yan ◽  
Zhi Wei Li ◽  
Jing Yu Zhang ◽  
Chang Qing He
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Bulk Polymerization ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Uv Detector ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Acetic Acid Water ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Method

Two kinds of triazine herbicides (cyanazine and atrazine) in cucumber were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography method coupled with pseudo imprinted solid-phase extraction (PISPE) as the clean-up arrays. The sorbent of PMISPE was synthesized by bulk polymerization using cyromazine as pseudo template and it could selectivly recognized cyanazine and atrazine from cucumber matrix. The mobile phase for separation and quantity analysis of cyanazine and atrazine was methanol-(0.8% acetic acid-water) (55:45, v/v) with a UV detector being set at 224 nm. The result showed that good linearity of the two trazine herbicides was obtained in a range of 0.004 µg/g ~ 0.400 µg/g with r2≥0.9996 and the recoveries at three spiked levels were ranged from 93.8% to 108.5% with RSD less than 3.4% (n=3).

Quantification of Ochratoxin A in Swine Kidneys by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay Using a Simplified Sample Preparation Procedure

1994 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 991-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. CLARKE ◽  
R. R. MARQUARDT ◽  
A. A. FROHLICH ◽  
R. J. PITURA
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
High Degree

An improved procedure for sample preparation and quantitation of ochratoxin A (OA) in swine kidneys was developed. Kidney samples were homogenized in acidified ethyl acetate, centrifuged, sub-sampled, dried, reconstituted with methanol and directly assayed using an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The rabbit antisera used in the development of this assay was found to have a high degree of cross-reaction with ochratoxins A and C but not with ochratoxins B, α, 4-OH-OA and two structurally similar molecules L-phenylalanine and citrinin with the values being 100, 80, 3.33, 10, 1.4, 0 and 0.04%, respectively. Extraction recoveries as determined by high performance liquid chromatography in kidneys spiked with 0.97 to 15.62 ppb OA were determined. The recovery values ranged from 91 to 110% with acceptable inter-assay coefficients of variation (CV) being obtained at the 3.9 ppb spiking concentration or higher. The lowest reproducible OA detection limit for the ELISA in the spiked swine kidney samples was 7.81 ppb with inter-assay CV of 8.85%. The ELISA analysis of the spiked samples correlated highly with conventional high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis but was dependent on the conditions of the assay. Standards prepared in methanol or extract prepared from a kidney had correlation coefficients ® of 0.91 ± 0.09 and 0.94 ± 0.07, respectively. The assay is sensitive, specific, simple and sufficiently accurate for routine analysis of swine kidneys.

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