Metformin prevents the development of metabolic complications of neuroleptic therapy

Pituitary is a common terrain for the appearance of tumoral changes, representing the origin of about 15% of all intracranial tumors [13]. These tumors are, for the most part, histologically benign, as they arise from hormone secreting cells in the anterior lobe. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to specify the clinical and paraclinical clinical onset characteristics, the evolutionary peculiarities, as well as the metabolic complications secondary to the prolactin hypersecretion. The effects of prolactin-secreting pituitary tumors may occur as a result of mass effects of tumors or even hyperprolactinaemia. Because microadenomas are intrathecal, visual defects may not occur, but headaches occur more often (50%) than normal (27%) [1, 6]. A large tumor that extends beyond the limbs of the turkey can cause headaches and vision defects. The classical presentation is bitemporal hemianopsia due to the compression of the optic chiasm from a tumor that extends to the upper level. If chiasma is prefixed or if the tumor extends posteriorly, compression of a single optical system results in visual field defects similar. The lateral extension in the cavernous sinus can lead to the illness of the oculomotor function involving the cranial nerves III, IV and VI and the branches V1 and V2 of the cranial nerve V, alone or in combinations.

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Semi-Quantitative Ultrasonographic Evaluation of NAFLD

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612826666200417142444 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (32) ◽

pp. 3915-3927 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Stefano Ballestri ◽

Claudio Tana ◽

Maria Di Girolamo ◽

Maria Cristina Fontana ◽

Mariano Capitelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Metabolic Complications ◽

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Risk Of Progression ◽

Progressive Liver Disease

: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) embraces histopathological entities ranging from the relatively benign simple steatosis to the progressive form nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is associated with fibrosis and an increased risk of progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD is the most common liver disease and is associated with extrahepatic comorbidities including a major cardiovascular disease burden. : The non-invasive diagnosis of NAFLD and the identification of subjects at risk of progressive liver disease and cardio-metabolic complications are key in implementing personalized treatment schedules and follow-up strategies. : In this review, we highlight the potential role of ultrasound semiquantitative scores for detecting and assessing steatosis severity, progression of NAFLD, and cardio-metabolic risk. : Ultrasonographic scores of fatty liver severity act as sensors of cardio-metabolic health and may assist in selecting patients to submit to second-line non-invasive imaging techniques and/or liver biopsy.

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Metabolic Complications and Kidney Transplantation: Focus on Glycaemia and Dyslipidaemia

Current Vascular Pharmacology ◽

10.2174/1570161117666190619143005 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 273-281 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Panagiotis Anagnostis ◽

Stavroula Α. Paschou ◽

Eleftherios Spartalis ◽

Gerardo Sarno ◽

Paride De Rosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Graft Function ◽

Current Data ◽

Optimal Management ◽

Transplant Recipients ◽

Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Oral Hypoglycaemic Agents ◽

Metabolic Complications ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Regimen Modification

Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) and dyslipidaemia are the most common metabolic complications in kidney transplant recipients (KTR). They are associated with a higher risk of lower graft function and survival, as well as an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this review is to provide current data on the epidemiology, pathophysiology and optimal management of these two principal metabolic complications in KTR. Several risk factors in this metabolic milieu are either already present or emerge after renal transplantation, such as those due to immunosuppressive therapy. However, the exact pathogenic mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Awareness of these disorders is crucial to estimate CVD risk in KTR and optimize screening and therapeutic strategies. These include lifestyle (preferably according to the Mediterranean pattern) and immunosuppressive regimen modification, as well as the best available anti-diabetic (insulin or oral hypoglycaemic agents) and hypolipidaemic (e.g. statins) regimen according to an individual’s metabolic profile and medical history.

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Anti-obesity effects of Grifola frondosa through the modulation of lipid metabolism via ceramide in mice fed a high-fat diet

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/d1fo00666e ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xue Jiang ◽

Jie Hao ◽

Zijian Liu ◽

Xueting Ma ◽

Yuxin Feng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Fat Deposition ◽

Grifola Frondosa ◽

High Fat ◽

Metabolic Complications ◽

Basidiomycete Fungus

Obesity is characterized by massive fat deposition and is related to a series of metabolic complications, such as insulin resistance (IR) and steatohepatitis. Grifola frondosa (GF) is a basidiomycete fungus...

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Reduction of Cardio-Metabolic Risk and Body Weight through a Multiphasic Very-Low Calorie Ketogenic Diet Program in Women with Overweight/Obesity: A Study in a Real-World Setting

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13061804 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 1804

Author(s):

Elena Tragni ◽

Luisella Vigna ◽

Massimiliano Ruscica ◽

Chiara Macchi ◽

Manuela Casula ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Real World ◽

Metabolic Complications ◽

Multi Centre Study ◽

Low Calorie ◽

Ketogenic Diets ◽

Real World Setting ◽

Overweight Or Obesity

Background: The prevention and treatment of obesity and its cardio-metabolic complications are relevant issues worldwide. Among lifestyle approaches, very low-calorie ketogenic diets (VLCKD) have been shown to lead to rapid initial weight loss, resulting in better long-term weight loss maintenance. As no information on VLCKD studies carried on in a real-world setting are available, we conducted this multi-centre study in a real-world setting, aiming at assessing the efficacy and the safety of a specific multiphasic VLCKD program in women with overweight or obesity. Methods: A multi-center, prospective, uncontrolled trial was conducted in 33 outpatient women (age range 27–60 y) with overweight or obesity (BMI: 30.9 ± 2.7 kg/m2; waist circumference: 96.0 ± 9.4 cm) who started a VLCKD dietary program (duration: 24 weeks), divided into four phases. The efficacy of VLCKD was assessed by evaluating anthropometric measures and cardiometabolic markers; liver and kidney function biomarkers were assessed as safety parameters. Results: The VLCKD program resulted in a significant decrease of body weight and BMI (−14.6%) and waist circumference (−12.4%). At the end of the protocol, 33.3% of the participants reached a normal weight and the subjects in the obesity range were reduced from 70% to 16.7%. HOMA-IR was markedly reduced from 3.17 ± 2.67 to 1.73 ± 1.23 already after phase 2 and was unchanged thereafter. Systolic blood pressure decreased after phase 1 (−3.5 mmHg) and remained unchanged until the end of the program. Total and LDL cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly reduced by VLCKD along with a significant HDL cholesterol increase. Liver, kidney and thyroid function markers did not change and remained within the reference range. Conclusions: The findings of a multi-center VLCKD program conducted in a real-world setting in a cohort of overweight/obese women indicate that it is safe and effective, as it results in a major improvement of cardiometabolic parameters, thus leading to benefits that span well beyond the mere body weight/adiposity reduction.

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Is there a relationship between sleep apnoea and microalbuminuria?

Sleep And Breathing ◽

10.1007/s11325-021-02461-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Melek Cihanbeylerden ◽

Melike Bağnu Yüceege

Keyword(s):

Microvascular Complications ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Urinary Albumin ◽

Control Group ◽

Creatinine Ratio ◽

Microvascular Damage ◽

Metabolic Complications ◽

Albumin Creatinine Ratio ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Introduction Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a cause of hypoxia, and the correlation between hypoxia and microvascular complications is well known. Microalbuminuria (MAU) is a marker for endovascular dysfunction and an indicator of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in the general population. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between microvascular damage and the metabolic complications of OSA based on the presence of MAU. Material and method Urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) and microalbumin level were examined in patients with an apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) greater than 5/h (study group) and in patients with an AHI less than 5/h (control group). The exclusion criteria were other possible causes of MAU (hypertension, nephropathy, coronary artery disease, and severe thyroid dysfunction). Results Of 103 patients enrolled, 80 formed the group with OSA and 23 served as controls. According to the AHI values, the patients were divided into four groups as normal, mild, moderate and severe. There was no significant difference between the four groups in terms of the microalbumin level and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio. Conclusion In this study, no significant relationship was found between MAU and sleep apnoea.

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