3. Intercultural and Multilingual Trajectories of the Human Voice

With the development and promotion of driverless technology, researchers are focusing on designing varied types of external interfaces to induce trust in road users towards this new technology. In this paper, we investigated the effectiveness of a multimodal external human–machine interface (eHMI) for driverless vehicles in virtual environment, focusing on a two-way road scenario. Three phases of identifying, decelerating, and parking were taken into account in the driverless vehicles to pedestrian interaction process. Twelve eHMIs are proposed, which consist of three visual features (smile, arrow and none), three audible features (human voice, warning sound and none) and two physical features (yielding and not yielding). We conducted a study to gain a more efficient and safer eHMI for driverless vehicles when they interact with pedestrians. Based on study outcomes, in the case of yielding, the interaction efficiency and pedestrian safety in multimodal eHMI design was satisfactory compared to the single-modal system. The visual modality in the eHMI of driverless vehicles has the greatest impact on pedestrian safety. In addition, the “arrow” was more intuitive to identify than the “smile” in terms of visual modality.

Download Full-text

High-Speed Imaging to Study an Auto-Oscillating Vocal Fold Replica for Different Initial Conditions

International Journal of Applied Mechanics ◽

10.1142/s1758825117500648 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 09 (05) ◽

pp. 1750064 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. Van Hirtum ◽

X. Pelorson

Keyword(s):

Vocal Fold ◽

High Speed ◽

Initial Conditions ◽

Vocal Folds ◽

High Speed Imaging ◽

Human Voice ◽

Manual Intervention ◽

Geometrical Features ◽

Upstream Pressure

Experiments on mechanical deformable vocal folds replicas are important in physical studies of human voice production to understand the underlying fluid–structure interaction. At current date, most experiments are performed for constant initial conditions with respect to structural as well as geometrical features. Varying those conditions requires manual intervention, which might affect reproducibility and hence the quality of experimental results. In this work, a setup is described which allows setting elastic and geometrical initial conditions in an automated way for a deformable vocal fold replica. High-speed imaging is integrated in the setup in order to decorrelate elastic and geometrical features. This way, reproducible, accurate and systematic measurements can be performed for prescribed initial conditions of glottal area, mean upstream pressure and vocal fold elasticity. Moreover, quantification of geometrical features during auto-oscillation is shown to contribute to the experimental characterization and understanding.

Download Full-text

A real-time application to detect human voice disorders

2020 International Conference on Decision Aid Sciences and Application (DASA) ◽

10.1109/dasa51403.2020.9317268 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

M.G. Manisha Milani ◽

Murugaiya Ramashini ◽

Murugiah Krishani

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Voice Disorders ◽

Human Voice ◽

Real Time Application

Download Full-text

Impact of the Sub-Grid Scale Turbulence Model in Aeroacoustic Simulation of Human Voice

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11041970 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 1970

Author(s):

Martin Lasota ◽

Petr Šidlof ◽

Manfred Kaltenbacher ◽

Stefan Schoder

Keyword(s):

Sound Propagation ◽

Vocal Tract ◽

Vocal Folds ◽

Equation Model ◽

Voice Production ◽

Human Voice ◽

Large Eddy ◽

Aeroacoustic Simulation ◽

Scale Turbulence ◽

The One

In an aeroacoustic simulation of human voice production, the effect of the sub-grid scale (SGS) model on the acoustic spectrum was investigated. In the first step, incompressible airflow in a 3D model of larynx with vocal folds undergoing prescribed two-degree-of-freedom oscillation was simulated by laminar and Large-Eddy Simulations (LES), using the One-Equation and Wall-Adaptive Local-Eddy (WALE) SGS models. Second, the aeroacoustic sources and the sound propagation in a domain composed of the larynx and vocal tract were computed by the Perturbed Convective Wave Equation (PCWE) for vowels [u:] and [i:]. The results show that the SGS model has a significant impact not only on the flow field, but also on the spectrum of the sound sampled 1 cm downstream of the lips. With the WALE model, which is known to handle the near-wall and high-shear regions more precisely, the simulations predict significantly higher peak volumetric flow rates of air than those of the One-Equation model, only slightly lower than the laminar simulation. The usage of the WALE SGS model also results in higher sound pressure levels of the higher harmonic frequencies.

Download Full-text

Extraordinary voices: Helen Keller, music and the limits of oralism

Journal of Interdisciplinary Voice Studies ◽

10.1386/jivs_00002_1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 139-156

Author(s):

Michael Accinno

Keyword(s):

World View ◽

Musical Culture ◽

Vocal Production ◽

Cultural Logic ◽

Human Voice ◽

Shared Identity ◽

Helen Keller ◽

Voice Teacher ◽

Musical Practices ◽

Opera Singers

Abstract This article examines iconic American deafblind writer Helen Keller's entræ#169;e into musical culture, culminating in her studies with voice teacher Charles A. White. In 1909, Keller began weekly lessons with White, who deepened her understanding of breathing and vocal production. Keller routinely made the acquaintance of opera singers in the 1910s and the 1920s, including sopranos Georgette Leblanc and Minnie Saltzman-Stevens, and tenor Enrico Caruso. Guided by the cultural logic of oralism, Keller nurtured a lively interest in music throughout her life. Although a voice-centred world-view enhanced Keller's cultural standing among hearing Americans, it did little to promote the growth of a shared identity rooted in deaf or deafblind experience. The subsequent growth of Deaf culture challenges us to reconsider the limits of Keller's musical practices and to question anew her belief in the extraordinary power of the human voice.

Download Full-text