scholarly journals Characterization of commercial detergents and natural cleansing agents with comparison of their potential for biodegradability

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjali Mer ◽  
Rajesh Samant ◽  
Prabha Padmanabha
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Indian Market ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Household Cleaning ◽  
Commercial Detergents

Background: Commercial detergents are chemical formulations designed to dissolve or disperse grease, grime, and dirt by making them water soluble or suspending it in water. They are best known for their wide use in laundry industry and household cleaning. After use, the wash waters along with the residual detergents are discharged into sewage system and are carried to water bodies, which result in damaging the biodiversity of aquatic environment due to the non-degradable nature of the active detergent matter present in these cleansing agents.Method: A critical analytical study was conducted on the quality of popular detergent powders sold in the Indian market viz. Ariel, Surf Excel, Rin and Tide with respect to their moisture content, active and total alkalinity, active detergent matter, water-insoluble matter, oxygen releasing capacity and pH. Two natural cleansing agents viz. Areetha and Shikakai were tested for the same parameters. Bacterial cultures were isolated from detergent-rich soil in Dhobighat, Mumbai and used to study detergent degradation over a period of time. Methylene Blue Photometric Assay was used to estimate the reduction in active detergent matter.Result and Conclusion: Areetha and Shikakai were found effective as detergents but with certain limitations. Degradation was seen in the commercial detergents over a period of time.

Analytical evaluation of Mrityunjaya Rasa

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Abhishek ◽  
Ashok Kumar BN ◽  
Sujatha K. ◽  
Sunil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Analytical Evaluation ◽  
Text Book ◽  
Classical Text ◽  
Physico Chemical

Introduction: Mrityunjaya Rasa is a herbo–mineral formulation mentioned under Jwara Chikitsa in Rasendra Sara Sangraha along with different Anupanas. It is having ingredients like Shudha Hingula, Shudha Gandhaka, Shudha Vatsanabha, Shudha Tankana, Pippali and Maricha which show significant result on various types of fever. Aim: To prepare Mrityunjaya Rasa as per guidelines given in classical text book Rasendra Sara Sangraha and to validate physico-chemical analysis of the sample. Methods: The preparation of Mrityunjaya Rasa was carried out at practical hall, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Ayurveda, Kuthpady, Udupi, Karnataka. It was subjected to analysis on parameters like organoleptic characters, loss on drying, total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, pH, alcohol soluble extractive value, and water soluble extractive value. Results: The results of Analytical study showed specific characteristics which are in accordance with the properties of Mrityunjaya Rasa. Conclusion: The study showed significant results, which proves quality of the drugs and efficacy.

Preparation and Characterization of the Lignocellulose Aerogel

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 1207-1210
Author(s):  
Qian Guan ◽  
Xiao Hong Zhao ◽  
Jian Li
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Absorption Features

The cellulose which is the extraction from Ochroma lagopus wood was dissolved in alkali system. With the BIS as crosslinker, wood cellulosic aerogels was prepared with high porosity and absorption rate. At last, the structure and properties were characterized using SEM, FT-IR, and absorption features. Cellulosic aerogels possessed a high bleaching ability to the discolor. The corresponding parameters were with 10 hours, 25 °C, and initial concentration of methylene blue 2.4×10-4g/L, respectively. The quality of adsorption material 16 mg.

Characterization of Chemical Impurities in Glutaraldehyde

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 620-621
Author(s):  
B. J. Grenon ◽  
A. J. Tousimis
Keyword(s):  
Glutaric Acid ◽  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Aldol Condensation ◽  
Condensation Product ◽  
Amorphous Solid ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Impurity Component ◽  
Chemical Impurities ◽  
Soluble Liquid

Ever since the introduction of glutaraldehyde as a fixative in electron microscopy of biological specimens, the identification of impurities and consequently their effects on biologic ultrastructure have been under investigation. Several reports postulate that the impurities of glutaraldehyde, used as a fixative, are glutaric acid, glutaraldehyde polymer, acrolein and glutaraldoxime.Analysis of commercially available biological or technical grade glutaraldehyde revealed two major impurity components, none of which has been reported. The first compound is a colorless, water-soluble liquid with a boiling point of 42°C at 16 mm. Utilizing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analysis, this compound has been identified to be — dihydro-2-ethoxy 2H-pyran. This impurity component of the glutaraldehyde biological or technical grades has an UV absorption peak at 235nm. The second compound is a white amorphous solid which is insoluble in water and has a melting point of 80-82°C. Initial chemical analysis indicates that this compound is an aldol condensation product(s) of glutaraldehyde.

Удобрение перца сладкого

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Borisov ◽  
A.M. Menshikh ◽  
V.S. Sosnov ◽  
G.F. Monakhos
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Organic Mineral ◽  
Soluble Fertilizer

Показано действие минеральных удобрений, микрокристаллического комплексного водорастворимого удобрения «Мастер» и органоминерального наноудобрения с ростостимулирующей активностью «Арксойл» при капельном орошении на урожайность и качество сладкого перца нового гибрида F1 Темп. Сочетание основного удобрения с листовой и корневой подкормками позволяет получить до 65 т/га плодов перца высокого качества.The action of mineral fertilizers, microcrystalline complex water soluble fertilizer Master and organic mineral nano-fertilizer with growth-stimulating activity Arksoil under drip irrigation on the productivity and quality of sweet pepper of the new hybrid F1 Temp is shown. The combination of basic fertilizer with leaf and root fertilizing allows to obtain up to 65 t/ha of pepper fruits of high quality.

Physicochemical and bacteriological characterization of hospital effluents and their impact on the environment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Hospital Effluents ◽  
Biological Contaminants ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Direct Discharge ◽  
Significant Chemical

Liquid effluents discharged by hospitals may contain chemical and biological contaminants whose main source is the different substances used for the treatment of patients. This type of rejection can present a sanitary potentially dangerous risk for human health and can provoke a strong degradation of diverse environmental compartments mainly water and soils. The present study focuses on the quality of the liquid effluents of Hassani Abdelkader’s hospital of Sidi Bel-Abbes (West of Algeria). The results reveal a significant chemical pollution (COD: 879 mgO2/L, BOD5: 850 mgO2/L, NH4+ : 47.9 mg/l, NO2- : 4.2 mg/l, NO3- : 56.8 mg/l with respect to WHO standard of 90 mgO2/L, 30 mgO2/L, 0.5 mg/l, 1 mg/l and 1 mg/l respectively). However, these effluents are biodegradable since the ratio COD/BOD5 do not exceeded the value of 2 in almost all samples. The presence of pathogen germs is put into evidence such as pseudomonas, the clostridium, the staphylococcus, the fecal coliforms and fecal streptococcus. These results show that the direct discharge of these effluents constitutes a major threat to human health and the environment.

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