scholarly journals Clustering and multicasting scheme for fog computing based vehicular ad hoc network

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.27) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Tejinder Pal Singh ◽  
Er. Nitika Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Research Work ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Side Unit ◽  
Adhoc Network ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Computing Scheme

The vehicular adhoc network is the data oriented in network in which information should be passed with least delay. The vehicle adhoc network is the decentralized type of network in which vehicles to vehicle and vehicle to road side communication is possible. The Fog computing is the advance computing scheme to store small amount of data. The routing is the major issue of vehicular adhoc network due to high mobility of the vehicle nodes. In this research work, multicasting based routing scheme is proposed for path establishment from source to destination. In the proposed scheme root vehicles are selected for path establishment from source to destination. When the data will be received on the road side unit then k-mean clustering will be applied which divide data into clusters which define that either it can be saved on cloud or on fog server based on quantity of data. The performance of proposed scheme is testing in NS2 and proposed scheme performs well in terms of PDR and route lifetime  

scholarly journals Intelligent Accident Prevention in VANETs

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 2401-2405
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Accident Prevention ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Human Errors ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Nearest Neighbour Classifier

Accident prevention has always been an important issue for governments and car manufacturers across the world. Roughly 1.5 million people are killed in road accidents annually in India. The primary causes of accidents are broken and weathered roads, hazardous weather conditions, as well as human errors such as over speeding, distracted driving, and not following road safety rules. The traffic police work hard to enforce strict rules and maintain accident-free roads, but this hasn’t proven to be efficient. A vehicular ad hoc network (VANET), as the name says, is a network consisting of nodes. These nodes depict vehicles on the road. This project aims to use this technology with K-Nearest Neighbour Classifier (KNN) to create a prototype of a system which can notify drivers of an impending accident caused by forward collisions, rear collision etc., thus enabling them to take immediate action and prevent it.

An Enhanced Vehicular Information Dissemination Based on Back-Off Time Mechanism

2013 ◽  
Vol 479-480 ◽  
pp. 973-977
Author(s):  
Jenq Muh Hsu ◽  
Wen Ting Wang
Keyword(s):  
Waiting Time ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Network ◽  
The Road ◽  
Vehicle Communication ◽  
Road Side Unit ◽  
Off Time

Information dissemination in inter-vehicle communication is a main way to propagate and obtain the communicating messages among vehicles and infrastructures of road networks in vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET). However, a well-designed protocol for information dissemination would probably provide the higher performance of information dissemination in VANET. In this paper, we propose the improved information dissemination schemes for multi-hop broadcasting in VANET. Our proposed scheme will select a better message forwarder to forward the messages to its neighboring vehicles according to the back-off time for reducing the waiting time in the directional broadcasting. It will also adopt the road-side unit to keep the disseminated message at the intersection of the roads for waiting to disseminate the messages when the vehicle is crossing the intersection which may probably act as a message forwarder to forward the disseminated messages to the intersectional direction. In our simulation, the result indicates that our proposed scheme can efficiently disseminate the messages under the consideration of back-off time in VANET.

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient Fuzzy Management System for Internet of Things Connected Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1068
Author(s):  
Imran Memon ◽  
Mohammad Kamrul Hasan ◽  
Riaz Ahmed Shaikh ◽  
Jamel Nebhen ◽  
Khairul Azmi Abu Bakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Network ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Side Unit ◽  
Head Node

Many algorithms use clustering to improve vehicular ad hoc network performance. The expected points of many of these approaches support multiple rounds of data to the roadside unit and constantly include clustering in every round of single-hop data transmission towards the road side unit; however, the clustering in every round maximizes the number of control messages and there could be the possibility of collision and decreases in network energy. Multi-hop transmission prolongs the cluster head node’s lifetime and boosts the network’s efficiency. Accordingly, this article proposes a new fuzzy-clustering-based routing algorithm to benefit from multi-hop transmission clustering simultaneously. This research has analyzed the limitation of clustering in each round, different algorithms were used to perform the clustering, and multi-hop routing was used to transfer the data of every cluster to the road side unit. The fuzzy logic was used to choose the head node of each cluster. Three parameters, (1) distance of each node, (2) remaining energy, and (3) number of neighbors of every node, were considered as fuzzy criteria. The results of this research were compared to various other algorithms in relation to parameters like dead node in every round, first node expire, half node expire, last node expire, and the network lifetime. The simulation results show that the proposed approach outperforms other methods. On the other hand, the vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) environment is vulnerable at the time of data transmission. The NS-2 software tool was used to simulate and evaluate the proposed fuzzy logic opportunistic routing’s performance results concerning end-to-end delay, packet delivery, and network throughput. We compare to the existing protocols, such as fuzzy Internet of Things (IoT), two fuzzy, and Fuzzy-Based Driver Monitoring System (FDMS). The performance comparison also emphasizes an effective utilization of the resources. Simulations on the highway environment show that the suggested protocol has an improved Quality of Service (QoS) efficiency compared to the above published methods in the literature.

scholarly journals Cybernetic Organism for Locomotion towards Paradigm

2020 ◽  
pp. 447-451
Author(s):  
Nagaraj Telkar ◽  
Prof. Pavankumar Naik ◽  
Akash Mabali ◽  
Girish S H ◽  
Gurusiddeshwar S H ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
The Road ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Cost

Auto collisions have been taking a great many lives every year, dwarfing any savage ailments or cataclysmic events. Studies demonstrate that about 60% roadway crashes could be kept away from if the vehicle’s driver had been given cautioning at any rate one-half second before an impact. Human drivers experience the ill effects of recognition confinements on roadway crisis occasions, bringing about enormous postponement in spreading crisis alerts. Safety on the road is one of the key main impetuses behind the advancement, improvement, institutionalization and execution of ITS frameworks. Proposed system uses VANET Standards (VANET is a Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET)’s sibling which can organize its own communication model without any other infrastructure dependence). In this project, considering the different features and the cost, on a small scale a four- wheel vehicular robotic prototype has been designed that will follow the lane and avoid obstacles.

scholarly journals Detection of Sybil attack in vehicular ad hoc networks by analyzing network performance

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1703
Author(s):  
Nirbhay Kumar Chaubey ◽  
Dhananjay Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Network Performance ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sybil Attack ◽  
The Road ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Computational Overhead ◽  
On The Road

<span>Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is an emerging technology which can be very helpful for providing safety and security as well as for intelligent transportation services. But due to wireless communication of vehicles and high mobility it has certain security issues which cost the safety and security of people on the road. One of the major security concerns is the Sybil attack in which the attacker creates dummy identities to gain high influence in the network that causes delay in some services and fake voting in the network to misguide others. The early detection of this attack can prevent people from being misguided by the attacker and save them from getting into any kind of trap. In this research paper, Sybil attack is detected by first applying the Poisson distribution algorithm to predict the traffic on the road and in the second approach, analysis of the network performance for packet delivery ratio (PDR) is performed in malign and benign environment. The simulation result shows that PDR decreases in presence of fake vehicles in the network. Our approach is simple and effective as it does not require high computational overhead and also does not violate the privacy issues of people in the network.</span>

Multicasting Data Routing for Vehicular Ad hoc Network using Fog Computing

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Seema Gaba ◽  
◽  
Kavita . ◽  
Sahil Verma ◽  
Monica Sood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Aggregation ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Intelligent Transportation System ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Network Simulator

A group of vehicles either mobile or stationery that is interconnected through a wireless network generate a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET). Providing comfort as well as safety to the drivers in vehicular scenarios is the main importance of VANETs. Since there is an increase in the number of autonomous vehicles, these networks are now being considered as an infrastructure for an intelligent transportation system. Fog computing can be provided low latent information sharing and more background knowledge by localizing one of the features. This research work is related to data aggregation in vehicular ad hoc networks. In this research work, the technique of multicasting will be proposed for the data aggregation in VANETs. The Network Simulator 2 is used to perform experiments and few performance measures are used for analysing the outcomes.

MCFS Enhanced Route Selection Approach Using Multipath Carry Forwarding and Searching in VANET

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiteshkumar Chandrakant Patel ◽  
Gopal Ramchandra Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Destination Node ◽  
The Road ◽  
Greedy Forwarding ◽  
Road Congestion ◽  
Geographic Forwarding ◽  
Search Approach

This article describes how a vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) is an infrastructureless network in which vehicles are connected without wires. Routing in VANET is challenging nowadays due to increased number of a vehicle, the high mobility of nodes, dynamically changing topology and highly partitioned network, so the challenges on the roads are also increased like the road congestion, the safety problem, speed, etc. Various protocol designs have been suggested by various authors to search and forward packets to the destination node. These various algorithms use different schemes like greedy forwarding, perimeter forwarding, carry and store approach, geographic location base approach, etc. The proposed system uses both beacon packets and a geographic closure node approach to forward packets. The beacon-based strategy includes a carry and search approach to search for a routing path. Geographic forwarding will start when carry and search forwarding fails to transmit packets. Route requests will perform multicasting while a route reply follows a unicast strategy. The new proposed system achieves good PDR and an end to end delay.

Mechanism for Privacy Preservation in VANETs

2012 ◽  
pp. 157-167
Author(s):  
Brijesh K. Chaurasia ◽  
Shekhar Verma ◽  
G. S. Tomar
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Privacy Preservation ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Physical Location ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Given

This paper proposes a mechanism for sustaining privacy of a vehicle in a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) through pseudonym update. In a VANET, vehicles on the road are involved in dissemination of information as they move. An association can be formed between the physical location of the source vehicle and the transmitted messages. This relationship between the physical vehicle and its identity can breach its privacy. In this work, a strategy for optimal pseudonym update for maximizing privacy has been formulated when a vehicle is being observed by adversaries with different capabilities. Results indicate that updating pseudonyms in accordance to the strategy maximizes the privacy of a vehicle in the given situation.

Mechanism for Privacy Preservation in VANETS

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brijesh K. Chaurasia ◽  
Shekhar Verma ◽  
G. S. Tomar
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Privacy Preservation ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Physical Location ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Given

This paper proposes a mechanism for sustaining privacy of a vehicle in a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) through pseudonym update. In a VANET, vehicles on the road are involved in dissemination of information as they move. An association can be formed between the physical location of the source vehicle and the transmitted messages. This relationship between the physical vehicle and its identity can breach its privacy. In this work, a strategy for optimal pseudonym update for maximizing privacy has been formulated when a vehicle is being observed by adversaries with different capabilities. Results indicate that updating pseudonyms in accordance to the strategy maximizes the privacy of a vehicle in the given situation.

A Groundwork Based Novel Routing Protocol for Vehicular Ad hoc Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Amolkirat Singh ◽  
Guneet Saini
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Packet Loss ◽  
Secure Communication ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Unexpected Events ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

Many people lose their life and/or are injured due to accidents or unexpected events taking place on road networks. Besides traffic jams, these accidents generate a tremendous waste of time and fuel. Undoubtedly, if the vehicles are provided with timely and dynamic information related to road traffic conditions, any unexpected events or accidents, the safety and efficiency of the transportation system with respect to time, distance, fuel consumption and environmentally destructive emissions can be improved. In the field of computer and information science, Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) have recently emerged as an effective tool for improving road safety through propagation of warning messages among the vehicles in the network about potential obstacles on the road ahead. VANET is a research area which is in more demand among the researchers, the automobile industries and scientists to discover about the loopholes and advantages of the vehicular networks so that efficient routing algorithms can be developed which can provide reliable and secure communication among the mobile nodes.In this paper, we propose a Groundwork Based Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol (GAODV) focus on how the Road Side Units (RSU’s) utilized in the architecture plays an important role for making the communication reliable. In the interval of finding the suitable path from source to destination the packet loss may occur and the delay also is counted if the required packet does not reach the specified destination on time. So to overcome delay, packet loss and to increase throughput GAODV approach is followed. The performance parameters in the GAODV comes out to be much better than computed in the traditional approach.

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