A Groundwork Based Novel Routing Protocol for Vehicular Ad hoc Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Amolkirat Singh ◽  
Guneet Saini
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Packet Loss ◽  
Secure Communication ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Unexpected Events ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

Many people lose their life and/or are injured due to accidents or unexpected events taking place on road networks. Besides traffic jams, these accidents generate a tremendous waste of time and fuel. Undoubtedly, if the vehicles are provided with timely and dynamic information related to road traffic conditions, any unexpected events or accidents, the safety and efficiency of the transportation system with respect to time, distance, fuel consumption and environmentally destructive emissions can be improved. In the field of computer and information science, Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) have recently emerged as an effective tool for improving road safety through propagation of warning messages among the vehicles in the network about potential obstacles on the road ahead. VANET is a research area which is in more demand among the researchers, the automobile industries and scientists to discover about the loopholes and advantages of the vehicular networks so that efficient routing algorithms can be developed which can provide reliable and secure communication among the mobile nodes.In this paper, we propose a Groundwork Based Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol (GAODV) focus on how the Road Side Units (RSU’s) utilized in the architecture plays an important role for making the communication reliable. In the interval of finding the suitable path from source to destination the packet loss may occur and the delay also is counted if the required packet does not reach the specified destination on time. So to overcome delay, packet loss and to increase throughput GAODV approach is followed. The performance parameters in the GAODV comes out to be much better than computed in the traditional approach.

scholarly journals Traffic Deadlock Resolution System using Internet of Vehicles

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 3041-3047
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Deadlock Detection ◽  
Internet Of Vehicles ◽  
The Road ◽  
Deadlock Resolution ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Hoc Networks

The number of vehicles on the road are increasing rapidly day by day, which leads to massive road congestions and traffic deadlocks. This paper proposes a model for an algorithm-based technique for efficient resolution of road traffic deadlocks, which would work on the technologies related to the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), while keeping the safe and efficient movement of vehicles along with the maintenance of constant communication with nearby vehicles and roadside infrastructure using Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs). This would ultimately aid towards the optimization of road traffic, which is very much a need of the hour considering the ever-increasing amount of traffic on the roads today. We make use of two important phases, namely, Deadlock Detection Phase and Deadlock Resolution Phase in order to resolve traffic deadlocks. An equally important focus has been put towards a deep understanding of the motivation behind the efforts put in this paper by examining the present scenario of road traffic conditions and their resulting complications, and how the proposed model could potentially help resolve such complications. It also involves a brief discussion on VANETs, which provides an efficient means of connecting the vehicles together in a network for seamless communications

scholarly journals A Cooperative Communication Protocol for QoS Provisioning in IEEE 802.11p/Wave Vehicular Networks

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 3622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Woo Kim ◽  
Jae-Wan Kim ◽  
Dong-Keun Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Communication ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Communication Protocol ◽  
Ieee 802.11P ◽  
The Road ◽  
Free Data ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) provide information and entertainment to drivers for safe and enjoyable driving. Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE) is designed for VANETs to provide services efficiently. In particular, infotainment services are crucial to leverage market penetration and deployment costs of the WAVE standard. However, a low presence of infrastructure results in a shadow zone on the road and a link disconnection. The link disconnection is an obstacle to providing safety and infotainment services and becomes an obstacle to the deployment of the WAVE standard. In this paper, we propose a cooperative communication protocol to reduce performance degradation due to frequent link disconnection in the road environment. The proposed protocol provides contention-free data delivery by the coordination of roadside units (RSUs) and can provide the network QoS. The proposed protocol is shown to enhance throughput and delay through the simulation.

scholarly journals Jamming and Anti-Jamming Strategies of Mobile Vehicles

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 2772
Author(s):  
Gleb Dubosarskii ◽  
Serguei Primak
Keyword(s):  
Nash Equilibrium ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
The Road ◽  
Driving Model ◽  
Standard Linear ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Hoc Networks

Anti-jamming games have become a popular research topic. However, there are not many publications devoted to such games in the case of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). We considered a VANET anti-jamming game on the road using a realistic driving model. Further, we assumed the quadratic power function in both vehicle and jammer utility functions instead of the standard linear term. This makes the game model more realistic. Using mathematical methods, we expressed the Nash equilibrium through the system parameters in single-channel and multi-channel cases. Since the network parameters are usually unknown, we also compared the performance of several reinforcement learning algorithms that iteratively converge to the Nash equilibrium predicted analytically without having any information about the environment in the static and dynamic scenarios.

Towards the Development of Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs)

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mekelleche Fatiha ◽  
Haffaf Hafid
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Intelligent Vehicles ◽  
The Road ◽  
Vehicle Communication ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs), a new mobile ad-hoc network technology (MANET), are currently receiving increased attention from manufacturers and researchers. They consist of several mobile vehicles (intelligent vehicles) that can communicate with each other (inter-vehicle communication) or with fixed road equipment (vehicle-infrastructure communication) adopting new wireless communication technologies. The objective of these networks is to improve road safety by warning motorists of any event on the road (accidents, hazards, possible deviations, etc.), and make the time spent on the road more pleasant and less boring (applications deployed to ensure the comfort of the passengers). Practically, VANETs are designed to support the development of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). The latter are seen as one of the technical solutions to transport challenges. This chapter, given the importance of road safety in the majority of developed countries, presents a comprehensive study on the VANET networks, highlighting their main features.

Proactive Traffic Merging Strategies for Sensor-Enabled Cars

2010 ◽  
pp. 180-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyuan Wang ◽  
Lars Kulik ◽  
Kotagiri Ramamohanarao
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
The Road ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Travel Delay ◽  
Hoc Networks

Congestion is a major challenge in today’s road traffic. The primary cause is bottlenecks such as ramps leading onto highways, or lane blockage due to obstacles. In these situations, the road capacity reduces because several traffic streams merge to fewer streams. Another important factor is the non-coordinated driving behavior resulting from the lack of information or the intention to minimize the travel time of a single car. This chapter surveys traffic control strategies for optimizing traffic flow on highways, with a focus on more adaptive and flexible strategies facilitated by current advancements in sensor-enabled cars and vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). The authors investigate proactive merging strategies assuming that sensor-enabled cars can detect the distance to neighboring cars and communicate their velocity and acceleration among each other. Proactive merging strategies can significantly improve traffic flow by increasing it up to 100% and reduce the overall travel delay by 30%.

scholarly journals Modeling and analysis of IEEE 1609.4 MAC in the presence of error-prone channels

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 3531
Author(s):  
Akram A. Almohammedi ◽  
Nor K. Noordin ◽  
A. Sali ◽  
Fazirulhisyam Hashim ◽  
Waheb A. Jabbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
System Throughput ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Average Delay ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) have been developed to improve the safety, comfort and efficiency of driving on the road. The IEEE 1609.4 is a standard intended to support multi-channel in VANETs. These channels include one control channel for safety applications and six service channels for service applications. However, there is still no comprehensive analysis for the average delay and system throughput of IEEE 1609.4 MAC in VANETs considering error-prone channel under non-saturated conditions. In this paper, we propose an analytical models based on 1-D and 2-D Markov chain to evaluate the performance analysis of IEEE 1609.4 MAC in the presence of error-prone channels. Besides, freezing of the back-off timer is taken into consideration to provide an accurate estimation of access to the channel. The simulation results have been carried out to validate the analytical results of our model. The results show that the performance of our model outperforms the existing model in terms of packet delivery ratio and average delay of safety packets over CCH, and system throughput of service packets over SCHs.

Wireless Networks for Vehicular Support

2011 ◽  
pp. 4135-4140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Manzoni ◽  
Carlos T. Calafate ◽  
Juan-Carlos Cano ◽  
Antonio Skarmeta ◽  
Vittoria Gianuzzi
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
The Road ◽  
V2v Communication ◽  
Safety Message ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs) is an area under intensive research that promises to improve security on the road by developing an intelligent transport system (ITS). The main purpose is to create an inter-communication network among vehicles, as well as between vehicles and the supporting infrastructure. The system pretends to offer drivers data concerning other nearby vehicles, especially those within sight. The problem of information sharing among vehicles and between the vehicle and the infrastructure is another critical aspect. A general communication infrastructure is required for the notification, storage, management, and provision of context-aware information about user travel. Ideally an integrated vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication paradigm enriched with an information management system would solve the problem. The infrastructure should manage all the collected safety events garnered from vehicles and the interesting information to be provided to the user, which is adapted to the car context and driver preferences. Finally, security issues should be considered. Since the information conveyed over a vehicular network may affect critical decisions, fail-safe security is a necessity. The first directive for any V2V communication scheme is, therefore, that every safety message must be authenticated. Because of the high speed and therefore short duration within which communication between two cars is possible, communication must be non-interactive, and message overhead must be very low. The urgency of safety messages implies that authentication must be instantaneous without additional communication. Moreover, providing strong security in vehicular networks raises important privacy concerns that must also be considered. Safety messages include data that is dangerous to the personal privacy of vehicle owners. Most relevant is the danger of tracking a vehicle through positional information. A set of security basics to address these challenges should be proposed that can be used as the building blocks of secure applications. In this article we will focus on the aforementioned technologies and engineering issues related to vehicular ad-hoc networks, emphasizing the challenges that must be overcome to accomplish the desired vehicular safety infrastructure.

scholarly journals SECURITY STUDY OF ROUTING ATTACKS IN VEHICULAR AD-HOC NETWORKS (AUTONOMOUS CAR)

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W5-2021 ◽  
pp. 349-353
Author(s):  
S. Lahdya ◽  
T. Mazri
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Denial Of Service ◽  
The Road ◽  
Denial Of Service Attack ◽  
Autonomous Cars ◽  
Service Attack ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. For the past twenty years, the automotive industry and research organizations have been aiming to put fully autonomous cars on the road. These cars which can be driven without the intervention of a driver, use several sensors and artificial intelligence technologies simultaneously, which allow them to detect the environment in order to merge the information obtained to analyze it, decide on an action, and to implement it. Thus, we are at the dawn of a revolution in the world of transport and mobility, which leads us to ensure the movement of the autonomous car in a safe manner. In this paper, we examine certain attacks on autonomous cars such as the denial of service attack, as well as the impact of these attacks on the last two levels of vehicle autonomy.

scholarly journals Modeling of Situation Response Time in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network

MATICS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Raphael AKINYEDE
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
The Road ◽  
Vehicle To Vehicle ◽  
On The Road

<p class="Text"><strong>—<em> </em></strong>In Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs), wireless-equipped vehicles form a network spontaneously while traveling along the road. The direct wireless transmission from vehicle to vehicle makes it possible for them to communicate even where there is no telecommunication infrastructure; this emerging new technology provide ubiquitous connectivity to vehicular nodes while on the move, The main idea is to provide ubiquitous connectivity to vehicular nodes while on the move, and to create efficient vehicle-to-vehicle communications that enable the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). This is achieved by allowing nodes within certain ranges to connect with each other in order to exchange information. Since accident happens in split seconds, to avoid communication inefficiency, there is need for this information to get to the intended vehicle on time. To solve this problem, this work models each vehicle in a chain of others and how it responds to the traffic around it using Microscopic (also known as car-following) method for modeling traffic flow; driver- to-driver and driver-to-road interactions within a traffic stream and the interaction between a driver and another driver on road were considered. The essence of this modeling is to determine the minimum response time required for a vehicle in VANET to respond and communicate situations on the road. A simulated scenario was carried out for two vehicles, a leading vehicle and following vehicle. The result shows that with an average of 32 meters apart with average difference in velocity of   1.23m/s, a minimum of 0.9secs is required for efficient situation response communication to ensue between them.</p>

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