Strontium and Oxygen Isotope Profiles of Sequentially Sampled Modern Bison (Bison bison bison) Teeth from Interior Alaska as Proxies of Seasonal Mobility

ARCTIC ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Crystal L. Glassburn ◽  
Ben A. Potter ◽  
Jamie L. Clark ◽  
Joshua D. Reuther ◽  
Darren L. Bruning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
High Latitude ◽  
Animal Movement ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Bison Bison ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Interior Alaska ◽  
Isotopic Analyses

Studies addressing prehistoric mobility in animals typically use isotopic analyses of sequentially formed tissues, such as the growth layers in teeth, to infer physical movement on the landscape. Strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr values), which vary geographically, are particularly useful for this purpose, especially when paired with stable oxygen isotope ratios (δ18O), which vary seasonally. Together, these two isotope systems can provide information about past animal movement patterns on a seasonal scale. However, while many studies have used 87Sr/86Sr and δ18O values from analyses of sequentially formed tissues for this purpose, there have been limited analyses on modern animals of known movement patterns across high-latitude regions. In this pilot study, we sequentially sampled and analyzed one second molar (M2) and two third molars (M3) from two bison (Bison bison bison) from the Delta bison herd, which resides in interior Alaska and has known and documented seasonal mobility patterns. The resulting 87Sr/86Sr values from the teeth were compared to a high-resolution 87Sr/86Sr isoscape for the region and were paired with δ18O analyses to determine whether the seasonal 87Sr/86Sr values matched the predicted values for each of the seasonal bison habitat areas. The results indicate that the 87Sr/86Sr and δ18O values reliably reflected the known seasonal mobility patterns of bison and suggest that this approach could be used to investigate the mobility patterns of prehistoric bison in Alaska and surrounding high-latitude regions.

Stratigraphic variations in carbon and oxygen isotopes in the dolostone of the Carswell Formation (Proterozoic) of northern Saskatchewan

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 2318-2326 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. I. Abell ◽  
J. McClory ◽  
H. E. Hendry ◽  
K. L. Wheatley
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Drill Hole ◽  
Carbon And Oxygen Isotopes ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Ratios ◽  
Nearshore Environments ◽  
Carbon And Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Northern Saskatchewan ◽  
Lowermost Part

Petrographic and stable isotopic analyses of stromatolitic sediments deposited in nearshore environments provides us with some of the best information available on ancient environments. Diamond drill hole CAR 58 penetrated 110 m of sediments in the lowermost part of the Proterozoic (probably Helikian age) Carswell Formation of northern Saskatchewan and gave us such an opportunity. The rocks are mainly dolostone and include, in descending order of abundance, cyanobacterial laminites, stromatolites, dolomicrites, dolorudites, breccias, and oolites. Stromatolites and Cyanobacterial laminites increase in abundance up-section, and deposition is interpreted as having taken place in conditions of increasingly restricted water circulation through time. The carbon isotope ratios vary from about −0.5 to −1.5‰ (Pee Dee Belemnite (PDB)) in the section except near the base where they assume values near −2.5‰. The oxygen isotope ratios (vs. PDB) increase from about −9.3‰ at the base to −7‰ at the top, with anomolously high values, more positive than −7‰, at two positions in the sequence. Original depositional structures and textures are still visible in most of the rocks, but gypsum has been replaced by dolomite, there has been some silicification, and original features have been obliterated by dolomite rhombs in a few samples. The upward trend to less-negative values of the oxygen isotope ratios is interpreted in terms of changing depositional environment involving a deepening but more protected basin, with increased evaporational concentration of the heavier isotope. Scatter diagrams of carbon and oxygen isotope ratios place the Carswell Formation dolomites close to the mainstream of other Proterozoic stromatolites but indicating some evaporative alterations during deposition.

scholarly journals Animal daily mobility patterns analysis using resting event networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Lenormand ◽  
Hervé Pella ◽  
Hervé Capra
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
General Problem ◽  
Animal Movement ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Daily Mobility ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Spatio Temporal

AbstractCharacterizing the movement patterns of animals is crucial to improve our understanding of their behavior and thus develop adequate conservation strategies. Such investigations, which could not have been implemented in practice only a few years ago, have been facilitated through the recent advances in tracking methods that enable researchers to study animal movement at an unprecedented spatio-temporal resolution. However, the identification and extraction of patterns from spatio-temporal trajectories is still a general problem that has relevance for many applications. Here, we rely on the concept of resting event networks to identify the presence of daily mobility patterns in animal spatio-temporal trajectories. We illustrate our approach by analyzing spatio-temporal trajectories of several fish species in a large hydropeaking river.

scholarly journals Fencing affects African wild dog movement patterns and population dynamics

Oryx ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Helen M. K. O'Neill ◽  
Sarah M. Durant ◽  
Stefanie Strebel ◽  
Rosie Woodroffe
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Animal Movement ◽  
Landscape Connectivity ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Wrong Side ◽  
African Wild Dog ◽  
Wild Dog ◽  
Wild Dogs

Abstract Wildlife fences are often considered an important tool in conservation. Fences are used in attempts to prevent human–wildlife conflict and reduce poaching, despite known negative impacts on landscape connectivity and animal movement patterns. Such impacts are likely to be particularly important for wide-ranging species, such as the African wild dog Lycaon pictus, which requires large areas of continuous habitat to fulfil its resource requirements. Laikipia County in northern Kenya is an important area for wild dogs but new wildlife fences are increasingly being built in this ecosystem. Using a long-term dataset from the area's free-ranging wild dog population, we evaluated the effect of wildlife fence structure on the ability of wild dogs to cross them. The extent to which fences impeded wild dog movement differed between fence designs, although individuals crossed fences of all types. Purpose-built fence gaps increased passage through relatively impermeable fences. Nevertheless, low fence permeability can lead to packs, or parts of packs, becoming trapped on the wrong side of a fence, with consequences for population dynamics. Careful evaluation should be given to the necessity of erecting fences; ecological impact assessments should incorporate evaluation of impacts on animal movement patterns and should be undertaken for all large-scale fencing interventions. Where fencing is unavoidable, projects should use the most permeable fencing structures possible, both in the design of the fence and including as many purpose-built gaps as possible, to minimize impacts on wide-ranging wildlife.

In situ Fe isotopic analyses of fourteen reference materials using a synthetic Cr standard for mass bias and isobaric interference corrections by femtosecond LA-MC-ICP-MS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Xu ◽  
Wen Zhang ◽  
Tao Luo ◽  
Jin-Hui Yang ◽  
Zhaochu Hu
Keyword(s):  
Reference Materials ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Isobaric Interference ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Mass Bias ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Isotopic Analyses

High precise and accurate measurements of Fe isotope ratios for fourteen reference materials from the USGS, MPI-DING and CGSG were successfully carried out using a developed analytical technique by fs...

scholarly journals Ore Genesis of the Takatori Tungsten–Quartz Vein Deposit, Japan: Chemical and Isotopic Evidence

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 765
Author(s):  
Yuichi Morishita ◽  
Yoshiro Nishio
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Equilibrium Temperature ◽  
Granitic Rocks ◽  
Granitic Magma ◽  
Lithium Isotope ◽  
Vein Deposit ◽  
Pressure Independent ◽  
Isotope Equilibrium

The Takatori hypothermal tin–tungsten vein deposit is composed of wolframite-bearing quartz veins with minor cassiterite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, and lithium-bearing muscovite and sericite. Several wolframite rims show replacement textures, which are assumed to form by iron replacement with manganese postdating the wolframite precipitation. Lithium isotope ratios (δ7Li) of Li-bearing muscovite from the Takatori veins range from −3.1‰ to −2.1‰, and such Li-bearing muscovites are proven to occur at the early stage of mineralization. Fine-grained sericite with lower Li content shows relatively higher δ7Li values, and might have precipitated after the main ore forming event. The maximum oxygen isotope equilibrium temperature of quartz–muscovite pairs is 460 °C, and it is inferred that the fluids might be in equilibrium with ilmenite series granitic rocks. Oxygen isotope ratios (δ18O) of the Takatori ore-forming fluid range from +10‰ to +8‰. The δ18O values of the fluid decreased with decreasing temperature probably because the fluid was mixed with surrounding pore water and meteoric water. The formation pressure for the Takatori deposit is calculated to be 160 MPa on the basis of the difference between the pressure-independent oxygen isotope equilibrium temperature and pressure-dependent homogenization fluid inclusions temperature. The ore-formation depth is calculated to be around 6 km. These lines of evidence suggest that a granitic magma beneath the deposit played a crucial role in the Takatori deposit formation.

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