scholarly journals Ochronotic Involvement of the Aortic and Mitral Valves in a 72-Year-Old Man

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atakan Atalay ◽  
Ugur Gocen ◽  
Yuksel Basturk ◽  
Erkan Kozanoglu ◽  
Hafize Yaliniz
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Homogentisic Acid ◽  
Mitral Insufficiency ◽  
Mitral Valves

Ochronosis, an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder, causes an excess of homogentisic acid that results in adverse pigmentation, calcification, and inflammation of cartilaginous and other tissues. Cardiovascular abnormalities are less frequently reported than are other manifestations. In rare cases, ochronosis can cause valvular heart disease. We report the case of a 72-year-old man with aortic stenosis and mitral insufficiency who was diagnosed with ochronosis while undergoing surgical aortic and mitral valve replacement. We discuss the history and surgical management of alkaptonuric ochronosis.

scholarly journals Valvular heart disease in autoimmune diseases in Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Aceituno Melgar ◽  
JF Fritche-Salazar ◽  
ME Soto-Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Tricuspid Valve ◽  
Tricuspid Regurgitation ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Calcium Deposit

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background  The autoimmune diseases (AD) have high morbidity and mortality due to their affection to the heart. Purpose Our objective was to describe the valvular heart disease (VHD) in patients with AD. Methods Patients with systemic lupus erythematous (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and systemic sclerosis (SS) diagnosis were included, from January 1st 2008 to December 31th 2018. Prevalence rates of valve involvement were calculated. Results A total of 163 patients (57.6% with SLE, 23.3% with RA, 19.0% with SS) were included. The global prevalence of VHD was 5.4% in SLS, 23.6% en RA, and 15.9% in SS. The more affected valve in SLS was the tricuspid valve in 24% (12% with severe tricuspid regurgitation (STR), p = 0.028), in RA was the aortic valve in 26% (13% with severe aortic stenosis (SAS), p = 0.02), and with SS was the tricuspid valve in 48% (29% with moderate tricuspid regurgitation (MTR)). The calcium deposit was present in 66% in RA (37% in aortic valve, p < 0.001). The valve thickening (>5 mm) was higher in RA (50%, p < 0.001), with predominance in mitral valve (26%). Conclusions We found significant higher rates of STR in SLE, SAS in RA, and MTR in SS compared with the literature. Moreover, calcification and valve thickening were found more often in RA. Early diagnosis of subclinical VHD is mandatory to improve the long-term prognosis of these patients. Valvular heart disease. Autoimmune Disease (n = 163) P value* SLE (n = 94) RA (n = 38) ES (n = 31) Demographic characteristics Age, years. Gender, Male / Female, n Body Mass Index (kg/m2) Arterial hypertension, n (%) Diabetes Mellitus, n (%) 38.8 (12.6) 9/85 26.2 (5.9) 21(22.3%) 6 (6.3%) 62.45 (12.3) 7/31 26.6 (7.1) 14(36.8%) 4 (10.5%) 53.8 (13.3) 2/29 25.4 (4.7) 12 (38.7) 5 (16.1%) <0.001 NS NS NS NS Echocardiographic findings. Valve thickening Aortic Mitral 8 (9%) 1 (1%) 7 (7%) 19 (50%) 9 (24%) 10 (26%) 1 (3%) 0 1 (3%) <0.001 Calcium Deposit Aortic Mitral 4 (4%) 2 (2%) 2 (2%) 25 (66%) 14 (37%) 11 (29%) 8 (26%) 4 (12.8%) 4 (12.9%) <0.001 Aortic valve disease 4 (4%) 10 (26%) 0 Aortic stenosis Moderate Severe 0 0 0 7 (18%) 2 (5%) 5 (13%) 0 0 0 0,02 Moderate Aortic Regurgitation 4 (4%) 3 (8%) 0 NS Mitral valve disease 8 (9%) 2 (5%) 2 (6%) Mitral stenosis Moderate Severe 4 (4%) 2 (2%) 2 (2%) 1 (3%) 0 1 (3%) 1 (3%) 0 1 (3%) NS Mitral Regurgitation Moderate Severe 4 (4%) 2 (2%) 2 (2%) 1 (3%) 0 1 (3%) 1 (3%) 0 1 (3%) NS Tricuspid Regurgitation Moderate Severe 22 (24%) 11 (12%) 11 (12%) 8 (21%) 7 (18%) 1 (3%) 15 (48%) 9 (29%) 6 (19%) 0,028 Pulmonic valve disease Moderate Pulmonic Stenosis Moderate Pulmonic Regurgitation 6 (6%) 1 (1%) 5 (5%) 1 (3%) 0 1 (3%) 0 0 0 NS * Not Significant.

Valvular Heart Disease - Part II

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam S. Jacob ◽  
Brian P Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Aortic Regurgitation ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Mitral Valve Prolapse ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cardiac Morbidity ◽  
Mechanical Prostheses

Valvular heart disease is an important cause of cardiac morbidity in developed countries despite a decline in the prevalence of rheumatic disease in those countries. This chapter discusses the many etiologies of valvular heart disease and presents methods for assessment and management. Specific valvular lesions discussed include mitral stenosis, mitral regurgitation, mitral valve prolapse, aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, and tricuspid and pulmonary disease. The section on tricuspid disease includes a discussion of mechanical prostheses (ball-in-cage and tilting-disk) and biologic prostheses (xenografts, allografts, and autografts) and their complications.  This review contains 5 figures, 9 tables, and 53 references. Keywords: Valvular heart disease, stenosis, regurgitation, mitral regurgitation, mitral valve prolapse (MVP), aortic stenosis, congenital bicuspid valve, senile valvular calcification, aortic regurgitation, chordae or papillary muscles

Valvular heart disease

2012 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Aortic Regurgitation ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Mitral Valve Prolapse ◽  
Mitral Stenosis ◽  
Acute Rheumatic Fever

General considerations 144Acute rheumatic fever 146Mitral stenosis: clinical features 150Mitral stenosis: investigations 152Mitral stenosis guidelines 156Mitral regurgitation 158Mitral regurgitation guidelines 161Mitral valve prolapse 162Aortic stenosis 164Management of aortic stenosis 168Aortic regurgitation 170Aortic regurgitation guidelines ...

scholarly journals SO088BURDEN OF VALVULAR HEART DISEASE IN HAEMODIALYSIS RECIPIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Elewa ◽  
Anu Jayanti
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Mitral Valve Stenosis ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dialysis Vintage

Abstract Background and Aims Valvular heart disease (VHD) is highly prevalent in maintenance haemodialysis patients. This high prevalence is associated with poor outcomes and higher mortality [Samad et al., Journal of the American Heart Association, 6 (10), (2017)]. Previous large studies found VHD prevalence between 14% and 16% among prevalent haemodialysis patients [2018 USRDS Annual Data Report | Vol 2] [Hickson et al., Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 67(10), (2016)]. KDIGO consensus group identified several evidence gaps where research is necessary in order to improve our understanding of diagnosis and management of VHD in this population [Marwick et al., Kidney international, 96 (4), (2019)]. The aim of our study is to assess the burden of VHD in a large cohort of haemodialysis recipients in one center in the United Kingdom (UK). Method This is a retrospective cross-sectional evaluation of valvular heart disease in prevalent haemodialysis patients. Prevalent haemodialysis recipients were defined as patients established on haemodialysis for ≥ 3 months. Echocardiographic data was collected for all patients. Patients were considered to have VHD if they had significant aortic (AVD) or mitral valve disease (MVD) based on standard echocardiographic criteria. These valvular diseases are classified as mild, moderate or severe. Here, we report some descriptive statistics from our data. Results The study group includes 544 prevalent haemodialysis patients. Mean age was 62 years (SD 15.28), 40% females and 60% were males. Median dialysis vintage was 1.9 years (IQR 1, 3.2) [Range: 0.2, 10.2]. 14 % of patients received home-based hemodialysis and 86% received in-center dialysis. 30% of patients were actively awaiting a transplant. A total of 1155 echocardiography studies were reviewed. Of the 425 patients who had an echocardiogram; 34% (n=143) had evidence of VHD as defined above. Significant AVD was identified in 18% of patients (n=78). The dominant lesion was aortic regurgitation in 11%, and aortic stenosis in 7% of patients. 20% of patients (n=85) had significant MVD with mitral valve stenosis in 0.7% of patients (n=3) and mitral regurgitation in 18% of patients. 5% of patients had cardiothoracic intervention (n=21) for valvular heart disease, which included aortic valve replacement (n=9), transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) (n=9), and mitral valve replacement (n=3). Conclusion We found that at least one third (34%) of patients in this cohort had significant VHD- higher than the previously published figures. The numbers are likely to be higher, if echocardiogram information was available for all patients in the study. Timely echocardiographic studies and follow-up imaging for those with established disease are essential to identify patients with significant VHD, in order to establish impact of disease on both dialysis delivery and patient symptoms.

scholarly journals Type of Valvular Heart Disease Requiring Surgery in the 21st Century: Mortality and Length-of-Stay Related to Surgery

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Dean Boudoulas ◽  
Yazhini Ravi ◽  
Daniel Garcia ◽  
Uksha Saini ◽  
Gbemiga G. Sofowora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Aortic Insufficiency ◽  
Mitral Valve Surgery ◽  
Valve Surgery ◽  
Surgical Mortality

Aim: While the incidence of rheumatic heart disease has declined dramatically over the last half-century, the number of valve surgeries has not changed. This study was undertaken to define the most common type of valvular heart disease requiring surgery today, and determine in-hospital surgical mortality and length-of-stay (LOS) for isolated aortic or mitral valve surgery in a United States tertiary-care hospital. Methods: Patients with valve surgery between January 2002 to June 2008 at The Ohio State University Medical Center were studied. Patients only with isolated aortic or mitral valve surgery were analyzed. Results: From 915 patients undergoing at least aortic or mitral valve surgery, the majority had concomitant cardiac proce-dures mostly coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG); only 340 patients had isolated aortic (n=204) or mitral (n=136) valve surgery. In-hospital surgical mortality for mitral regurgitation (n=119), aortic stenosis (n=151), aortic insufficiency (n=53) and mitral stenosis (n=17) was 2.5% (replacement 3.4%; repair 1.6%), 3.9%, 5.6% and 5.8%, respectively (p=NS). Median LOS for aortic insufficiency, aortic stenosis, mitral regurgitation, and mitral stenosis was 7, 8, 9 (replacement 11.5; repair 7) and 11 days, respectively (p<0.05 for group). In-hospital surgical mortality for single valve surgery plus CABG was 10.2% (p<0.005 compared to single valve surgery). Conclusions: Aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation are the most common valvular lesions requiring surgery today. Surgery for isolated aortic or mitral valve disease has low in-hospital mortality with modest LOS. Concomitant CABG with valve surgery increases mortality substantially. Hospital analysis is needed to monitor quality and stimulate improvement among Institutions.

Valvular Heart Disease - Part I

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam S. Jacob ◽  
Brian P Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Aortic Regurgitation ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Mitral Valve Prolapse ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cardiac Morbidity ◽  
Mechanical Prostheses

Valvular heart disease is an important cause of cardiac morbidity in developed countries despite a decline in the prevalence of rheumatic disease in those countries. This chapter discusses the many etiologies of valvular heart disease and presents methods for assessment and management. Specific valvular lesions discussed include mitral stenosis, mitral regurgitation, mitral valve prolapse, aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, and tricuspid and pulmonary disease. The section on tricuspid disease includes a discussion of mechanical prostheses (ball-in-cage and tilting-disk) and biologic prostheses (xenografts, allografts, and autografts) and their complications.  This review contains 6 figures, 13 tables, 69 references. Keywords: Valvular heart disease, stenosis, regurgitation, mitral regurgitation, mitral valve prolapse (MVP), aortic stenosis, congenital bicuspid valve, senile valvular calcification, aortic regurgitation, chordae or papillary muscles

scholarly journals Mitral Valve Replacement After 10 Years of Closed Mitral Commissurotomy: A Case Report

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-113
Author(s):  
AKM Ziaul Huque ◽  
Omar Sadeque Khan ◽  
Md Aftabuddin ◽  
Asit Baran Adhikary
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Mitral Valve Replacement ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Hemodynamic Improvement ◽  
Mitral Commissurotomy ◽  
Closed Mitral Commissurotomy

Rheumatic mitral valvular heart disease is common in developing countries although its incidence is decreasing in western countries. Closed mitral commissurotomy (CMC) was the first effective intervention in valvular heart disease which provides excellent long-term hemodynamic and clinical improvement. In this study we are presenting a successful mitral valve replacement in reoperation of a case who had CMC operation 10 years ago. It shows when symptomatic deterioration occurs late after CMC, MVR restores clinical and hemodynamic improvement in many patients.Medicine Today 2014 Vol.26(2): 111-113

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