SPINE SCANER: RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT OF OBSERVATION RESULTS

Objective. The assessment of reliability of data obtained using a firmware domestic complex Spine Scaner. Material and Methods. Fifty four healthy volunteers have been examined. Criteria for inclusion in the study were the absence of orthopedic pathology, and the Roland-Morris Back Pain Questionnaire and the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire scores being 0. Two independent observers with a different skill level performed the study. Intraobserver and interobserver data repeatability was assessed by the analysis of intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), and reliability coefficient for each of 31 tested parameters. Results. The observation without fixation of a patient exhibited a low repeatability, with a correlation coefficient being 0.39. Other observation stages showed the acceptable ICC mean values. The best repeatability was achieved in the study performed by the same observer, with the ICC value beiing 0.86. The interobserver repeatability had the lesser values: 0.61 for independent identification of anatomic references and 0.77 for the references identified by one of the observers. Conclusion. The Spine Scaner can be used in clinical practice for defining a shape and spatial orientation of the spine under the following conditions: a reliable fixation of the patient’s trunk, wide experience of the observer, and a strict adherence to the study protocol.

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Short version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21: is it valid for Brazilian adolescents?

Einstein (São Paulo) ◽

10.1590/s1679-45082016ao3732 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 486-493 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Hítalo Andrade da Silva ◽

◽

Muana Hiandra Pereira dos Passos ◽

Valéria Mayaly Alves de Oliveira ◽

Aline Cabral Palmeira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Standard Error ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Short Version ◽

Detectable Change ◽

Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽

Stress Scale ◽

Minimum Detectable Change ◽

Standard Error Of Measurement ◽

Error Of Measurement

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the interday reproducibility, agreement and validity of the construct of short version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 applied to adolescents. Methods The sample consisted of adolescents of both sexes, aged between 10 and 19 years, who were recruited from schools and sports centers. The validity of the construct was performed by exploratory factor analysis, and reliability was calculated for each construct using the intraclass correlation coefficient, standard error of measurement and the minimum detectable change. Results The factor analysis combining the items corresponding to anxiety and stress in a single factor, and depression in a second factor, showed a better match of all 21 items, with higher factor loadings in their respective constructs. The reproducibility values for depression were intraclass correlation coefficient with 0.86, standard error of measurement with 0.80, and minimum detectable change with 2.22; and, for anxiety/stress: intraclass correlation coefficient with 0.82, standard error of measurement with 1.80, and minimum detectable change with 4.99. Conclusion The short version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 showed excellent values of reliability, and strong internal consistency. The two-factor model with condensation of the constructs anxiety and stress in a single factor was the most acceptable for the adolescent population.

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Test–Retest Reliability of the Total Motion Release® Scale

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.2020-0275 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Emilie N. Miley ◽

Ashley J. Reeves ◽

Madeline P. Casanova ◽

Nickolai J.P. Martonick ◽

Jayme Baker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Practice ◽

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Intraclass Correlation Coefficient ◽

Standard Error ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

The Body ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

Standard Error Of Measurement ◽

Error Of Measurement

Context: Total Motion Release® (TMR®) is a novel treatment paradigm used to restore asymmetries in the body (eg, pain, tightness, limited range of motion). Six primary movements, known as the Fab 6, are performed by the patient and scored using a 0 to 100 scale. Clinicians currently utilize the TMR® scale to modify treatment, assess patient progress, and measure treatment effectiveness; however, the reliability of the TMR® scale has not been determined. It is imperative to assess scale reliability and establish minimal detectable change (MDC) values to guide clinical practice. Objective: To assess the reliability of the TMR® scale and establish MDC values for each motion in healthy individuals in a group setting. Design: Retrospective analysis of group TMR® assessments. Setting: University classroom. Participants: A convenience sample of 61 students (23 males and 38 females; 25.48 [5.73] y), with (n = 31) and without (n = 30) previous exposure to TMR®. Intervention: The TMR® Fab 6 movements were tested at 2 time points, 2 hours apart. A clinician with previous training in TMR® led participant groups through both sessions while participants recorded individual motion scores using the 0 to 100 TMR® scale. Test–retest reliability was calculated using an intraclass correlation coefficient (2,1) for inexperienced, experienced, and combined student groups. Standard error of measurement and MDC values were also assessed for each intraclass correlation coefficient. Outcome Measure: Self-reported scores on the TMR® scale. Results: Test–retest reliability ranged from 0.57 to 0.95 across the Fab 6 movements, standard error of measurement values ranged from 4.85 to 11.77, and MDC values ranged from 13.45 to 32.62. Conclusion: The results indicate moderate to excellent reliability across the Fab 6 movements and a range of MDC values. Although this study is the first step in assessing the reliability of the TMR® scale for clinical practice, caution is warranted until further research is completed to establish reliability and MDC values of the TMR® scale in various settings to better guide patient care.

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Validity and Reliability of Two Field-Based Leg Stiffness Devices: Implications for Practical Use

Journal of Applied Biomechanics ◽

10.1123/jab.2015-0297 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 415-419 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Luca Ruggiero ◽

Susan Dewhurst ◽

Theodoros M. Bampouras

Keyword(s):

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Single Trial ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Limits Of Agreement ◽

Leg Stiffness ◽

Sporting Activities ◽

Bias Range ◽

Standard Error Of Measurement ◽

Error Of Measurement

Leg stiffness is an important performance determinant in several sporting activities. This study evaluated the criterion-related validity and reliability of 2 field-based leg stiffness devices, Optojump Next® (Optojump) and Myotest Pro® (Myotest) in different testing approaches. Thirty-four males performed, on 2 separate sessions, 3 trials of 7 maximal hops, synchronously recorded from a force platform (FP), Optojump and Myotest. Validity (Pearson’s correlation coefficient, r; relative mean bias; 95% limits of agreement, 95%LoA) and reliability (coefficient of variation, CV; intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC; standard error of measurement, SEM) were calculated for first attempt, maximal attempt, and average across 3 trials. For all 3 methods, Optojump correlated highly to the FP (range r = .98–.99) with small bias (range 0.91–0.92, 95%LoA 0.86–0.98). Myotest demonstrated high correlation to FP (range r = .81–.86) with larger bias (range 1.92–1.93, 95%LoA 1.63–2.23). Optojump yielded a low CV (range 5.9% to 6.8%), high ICC (range 0.82–0.86), and SEM ranging 1.8–2.1 kN/m. Myotest had a larger CV (range 8.9% to 13.0%), moderate ICC (range 0.64–0.79), and SEM ranging from 6.3 to 8.9 kN/m. The findings present important information for these devices and support the use of a time-efficient single trial to assess leg stiffness in the field.

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Reliability of an isometric test for measuring the strength of the hip abductors and adductors

Bioscience Journal ◽

10.14393/bj-v36n3a2020-42693 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Manoella Regina de Souza Silva ◽

Thiago Keitiney Souza Teixeira Da Silva ◽

Valdemi Xavier Delmondes Junior ◽

Silvia Ribeiro Santos Araújo ◽

Adriano Percival Calderaro Calvo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Complex Structures ◽

Hip Joints ◽

Physically Active ◽

Adductor Muscles ◽

Hip Abduction ◽

Standard Error Of Measurement ◽

Dynamic Variables ◽

Error Of Measurement ◽

Familiarization Procedure

This study aimed to measure the reliability of a test for measuring the strength and strength imbalance of the hip abductors and adductors, using isokinetic equipment adapted for isometric testing. Thirteen healthy, physically active male individuals took part in the research. Two unilateral isometric tests were undertaken using a load cell attached to an adapted abductor bench machine: a hip abduction test and hip adduction test. Tests consisted of two maximum voluntary isometric contractions made for six seconds with a break of one minute between each. The following dynamic variables were measured: maximum force, mean force, rate of force development for each limb (right and left), and the existence of asymmetries between the limbs. For statistical analysis, the t-test, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and standard error of measurement (SEM) were applied. Results: The methodology utilized for the evaluation of the hip abductors and adductors did not show reliability in most of the parameters researched, with the ICC neither sufficient or low, and the retest performance higher than the test (p < 0.05). The applied test was not reliable for assessing strength and strength imbalances of hip abductors and adductors in most of the parameters investigated. These results indicate that the hip joints, more precisely, the abductor and adductor muscles, are complex structures to be assessed. They need to be previously familiarized with the proposed exercise, as their performance does not occur habitually. It is recommended to develop new tests in order to measure hip abduction and adduction strength adding a prior familiarization procedure.

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Combining F-Scan and GAITRite® for use in Clinical Gait Analysis: A Validation Study.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-93976/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Stephanie Speight ◽

Selina Reidy ◽

John Stephenson ◽

Sarah Reel

Keyword(s):

Gait Analysis ◽

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Intraclass Correlation Coefficient ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Quality Data ◽

Concordance Correlation Coefficient ◽

Concordance Correlation ◽

Mean Values ◽

Level Of Agreement

Abstract BackgroundClinical gait analysis is widely used to aid the assessment and diagnosis of symptomatic pathologies. Equipment based analysis provides clinicians with a more comprehensive assessment using pressure systems such as F-scan, or analysis of the spatial-temporal parameters of gait using GAITRite. There are systems however such as Strideway™ that can measure these parameters simultaneously, but can be expensive. This study aimed to determine whether standalone systems can be used collectively while still providing quality data, as a cost-effective alternative.MethodsTwenty-six participants walked on a standard floor and a GAITRite walkway, three times wearing the F-Scan system. Mid gait protocols were utilised by analysing the contact pressure of the 2 nd metatarsophalangeal joint of the third, fifth and seventh step from each walk. The Bland-Altman method was used to determine a level of agreement between the two surfaces, using mean values from all walks of all participants who successfully completed all required walks. The intraclass correlation coefficient and Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient were calculated as indices of reliability.ResultsThe intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated to be 0.991 and Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient for the data was calculated to be 0.956, indicating very good reproducibility.ConclusionsThe level of agreement in plantar pressures observed on the two surfaces was very high, suggesting that it is feasible to use F-Scan and GAITRite® together in a clinical setting, as an alternative to other less cost-effective standalone systems.

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Assessment of Knee Laxity Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.2.2.97 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 97-103 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Kelly R. Holcomb ◽

Cheryl A. Skaggs ◽

Teddy W. Worrell ◽

Mark DeCarlo ◽

K. Donald Shelbourne

Keyword(s):

Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽

Standard Error ◽

Cruciate Ligament ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Knee Laxity ◽

Testing Procedures ◽

Kt 1000 ◽

Anterior Cruciate ◽

Standard Error Of Measurement ◽

Error Of Measurement

A paucity of information exists concerning reliability of the KT-1000 knee arthrometer (MEDmetric Corp., San Diego, CA) when used by different clinicians to assess the same anterior cruciate ligament-deficient patient. The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and standard error of measurement of four clinicians who routinely report KT-1000 arthrometer values to referring orthopedic surgeons. Two physical therapists and two athletic trainers performed anterior laxity tests using the KT-1000 on 19 subjects. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and standard error of measurement (SEM) were used to determine reliability. Intratester ICC ranged from .98 to 1.0 and intratesterSEMranged from 0.0 to .28 mm. Intertester ICC andSEMfor all four testers were .53 and 1.2 mm, respectively. A 95% confidence interval (M ± 1.96 ×SEM) of the intertester variability ranged from −0.18 to 4.52 mm. Therefore, large intertester variation existed in KT-1000 values. Each facility should standardize testing procedures and establish intratester and intertester reliability for all clinicians reporting KT-1000 values.

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Test–Retest Reliability of Skill Tests in the F-MARC Battery for Youth Soccer Players

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.1177/0031512519866038 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 126 (5) ◽

pp. 1006-1023 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alexis Padrón-Cabo ◽

Ezequiel Rey ◽

Alexandra Pérez-Ferreirós ◽

Anton Kalén

Keyword(s):

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Young Male ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Limits Of Agreement ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Youth Soccer ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

Standard Error Of Measurement ◽

Absolute Reliability ◽

Error Of Measurement

This study aimed to evaluate the test–retest reliability of soccer skill tests belonging to the F-MARC test battery. To avoid bias during talent identification and development, coaches and scouts should be using reliable tests for assessing soccer-specific skills in young male players. Fifty-two U-14 outfield male soccer players performed F-MARC soccer skill tests on two occasions, separated by 7 days. After familiarization, we administered two trial sessions of five skill tests: speed dribbling, juggling, shooting, passing, and heading. We assessed absolute reliability by expressing the standard error of measurement as a coefficient of variation with 95% limits of agreement, and we assessed relative reliability with the intraclass correlation coefficient and with Pearson’s correlation ( r). The results demonstrated satisfactory relative and absolute reliability for speed dribbling, right foot juggling, short passing, shooting a dead ball right, shooting from a pass, heading in front, and heading right. However, reliability values for left foot juggling, chest-head-foot juggling, head-left-foot-right foot-chest-head juggling, long pass, and shooting a dead ball left tests were not strong enough to suggest their usage by coaches in training or sport scientists in research.

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Measurement of Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction: A Multicenter Intertester Reliability Study

Physical Therapy ◽

10.1093/ptj/79.12.1134 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 79 (12) ◽

pp. 1134-1141 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Janet K Freburger ◽

Daniel L Riddle

Keyword(s):

Standard Error ◽

Sacroiliac Joint ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Kappa Coefficient ◽

Outpatient Clinics ◽

Reliability Study ◽

Kappa Value ◽

The Subject ◽

Standard Error Of Measurement ◽

Error Of Measurement

Abstract Background and Purpose. Previous research suggests that visual estimates of sacroiliac joint (SIJ) alignment are unreliable. The purpose of this study was to determine whether handheld calipers and an inclinometer could be used to obtain reliable measurements of SIJ alignment in subjects suspected of having SIJ dysfunction. Subjects. Seventy-three subjects, evaluated at 1 of 5 outpatient clinics, participated in the study. Methods. A total of 23 therapists, randomly paired for each subject, served as examiners. The angle of inclination of each innominate was measured while the subject was standing. The position of the innominates relative to each other was then derived. An intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), the standard error of measurement (SEM), and a kappa coefficient were calculated to examine the reliability of the derived measurements. Results. The ICC was .27, the SEM was 5.4 degrees, and the kappa value was .18. Conclusion and Discussion. Measurements of SIJ alignment were unreliable. Therapists should consider procedures other than those that assess SIJ alignment when evaluating the SIJ.

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Validity and Reliability of the Standardized Orthopedic Assessment Tool (SOAT): A Variation of the Traditional Objective Structured Clinical Examination

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/1062-6050-49.1.12 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 373-380 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mark R. Lafave ◽

Larry Katz

Keyword(s):

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Standard Error ◽

Clinical Competence ◽

Concurrent Validity ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Global Rating ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Pearson Product Moment Correlation ◽

Standard Error Of Measurement ◽

Error Of Measurement

Context: Health care professions have replaced traditional multiple choice tests or essays with structured and practical, performance-based examinations with the hope of eliminating rater bias and measuring clinical competence. Objective: To establish the validity and reliability of the Standardized Orthopedic Assessment Tool (SOAT) as a measure of clinical competence of orthopaedic injury evaluation. Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Setting: University. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 60 undergraduate students and 11 raters from 3 Canadian universities and 1 standardized patient. Intervention(s): Students were required to complete a 30-minute musculoskeletal evaluation in 1 of 2 randomly assigned mock scenarios involving the knee (second-degree medial collateral ligament sprain) or the shoulder (third-degree supraspinatus muscle strain). Main Outcome Measure(s): We measured interreliability with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) (2,k) and stability of the tool with standard error of measurement and confidence intervals. Agreement was measured using Bland-Altman plots. Concurrent validity was measured using a Pearson product moment correlation coefficient whereby the raters' global rating of a student was matched to the cumulative mean grade score. Results: The ICCs were 0.75 and 0.82 for the shoulder and knee cases, respectively. Bland-Altman plots indicated no systematic bias between raters. In addition, Pearson product moment correlation analysis demonstrated a strong relationship between the overall cumulative mean grade score and the global rating score of the examinees' performances. Conclusions: This study demonstrated good interrater reliability of the SOAT with a standard error of measurement that indicated very modest stability, strong agreement between raters, and correlation indicative of concurrent validity.

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The Number of Trials Required to Obtain a Representative Movement Pattern During a Hurdle Hop Exercise

Journal of Applied Biomechanics ◽

10.1123/jab.2015-0121 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 295-300 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Shane J. Gore ◽

Brendan M. Marshall ◽

Andrew D. Franklyn-Miller ◽

Eanna C. Falvey ◽

Kieran A. Moran

Keyword(s):

Sequential Analysis ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Movement Pattern ◽

Scientific Justification ◽

Novel Method ◽

The Mean ◽

Standard Error Of Measurement ◽

Anatomical Plane ◽

Coefficient Method ◽

Error Of Measurement

When reporting a subject’s mean movement pattern, it is important to ensure that reported values are representative of the subject’s typical movement. While previous studies have used the mean of 3 trials, scientific justification of this number is lacking. One approach is to determine statistically how many trials are required to achieve a representative mean. This study compared 4 methods of calculating the number of trials required in a hopping movement to achieve a representative mean. Fifteen males completed 15 trials of a lateral hurdle hop. Range of motion at the trunk, pelvis, hip, knee, and ankle, in addition to peak moments for the latter 3 joints were examined. The number of trials required was computed using a peak intraclass correlation coefficient method, sequential analysis with a bandwidth of acceptable variance in the mean, and a novel method based on the standard error of measurement (SEMind). The number of trials required across all variables ranged from 2 to 12 depending on method, joint, and anatomical plane. The authors advocate the SEMind method as it demonstrated fewer limitations than the other methods. Using the SEMind, the required number of trials for a representative mean during the lateral hurdle hop is 6.

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