Potensi Kolonisasi Mikoriza Arbuskular dan Cendawan Endofit untuk Pengendalian Layu Fusarium pada Bawang Merah

Layu Fusarium merupakan penyakit penting pada bawang merah (Allium cepa var. aggregatum) yang disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae. Pada penelitian ini, isolat biokontrol potensial cendawan endofit dan mikoriza diuji kemampuan kolonisasinya secara tunggal dan kombinasi untuk menekan perkembangan penyakit layu Fusarium. Percobaan dilakukan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 8 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Kemampuan menekan patogen diamati dari persentase kolonisasi agens biokontrol, periode laten penyakit, insidensi penyakit, laju infeksi, dan area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). Agens biokontrol yang diujikan berhasil bersimbiosis dengan akar tanaman bawang merah. Aplikasi tunggal mikoriza arbuskular paling baik dalam memengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman dan menekan perkembangan penyakit layu fusarium pada bawang merah dengan periode laten penyakit terpanjang 21 hari dan menurunkan insidensi penyakit hingga 40%.

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Evaluation of Chickpea Varieties and Fungicides for the Management of Chickpea Fusarium Wilt Disease (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris) at Adet Sick Plot in Northwest Ethiopia

International Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.1155/2018/6015205 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Yigrem Mengist ◽

Samuel Sahile ◽

Assefa Sintayehu ◽

Sanjay Singh

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Fusarium Wilt ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Disease Progress Curve ◽

Disease Progress ◽

Fusarium Wilt Disease ◽

Progress Curve

A 2-year experiment was conducted at wilt sick plot infested with natural occurring Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris at Adet Agricultural Research Center in northwestern Ethiopia with an aim to evaluate effective chickpea varieties and fungicides for the management of chickpea fusarium wilt in order to integrate chickpea varieties and fungicides. Four varieties, namely, Shasho, Arerti, Marye, and local, two fungicides, namely, Apron Star and mancozeb, and untreated local chickpea were used as treatments. Treatments were arranged in a factorial combination in randomized complete block design in three replications. There were significant differences at p<0.05 in the overall mean of fusarium wilt disease incidence, area under disease progress curve %-day, yield and yield components among varieties and fungicides treatments. Data were analyzed using SAS system version 9.2. The results indicated that the maximum disease incidence and area under disease progress curve values 65.62% and 578.5%-day, respectively, were recorded from untreated local chickpea, while the minimum disease incidence and area under disease progress curve values 23.41% and 147%-day, respectively, were recorded from Shasho variety treated with Apron Star. The maximum biomass and grain yield of 6.71 t/ha and 4.6 t/ha, respectively, were recorded from Shasho variety treated with Apron Star while the minimum biomass and grain yield of 0.62 t/ha and 0.21 t/ha, respectively, were recorded from untreated local chickpea. Thus, the experiment results suggested that the variety of Shasho treated with fungicide Apron Star caused significant reduction in chickpea fusarium wilt incidence leading to a corresponding increase in grain yield of chickpea.

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Management of Daylily Rust With Different Fungicides and Fungicide Combinations

Plant Health Progress ◽

10.1094/php-03-17-0021-rs ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 162-165 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Robert S. Emmitt ◽

James W. Buck

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Disease Management ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Low Cost ◽

Single Application ◽

Southeast United States ◽

Disease Progress Curve ◽

Disease Progress ◽

Progress Curve ◽

Disease Pressure

Production nurseries and daylily hybridizers in the southeast United States rely on the use of fungicides to manage daylily rust, caused by the fungus Puccinia hemerocallidis. Foliar sprays of pyraclostrobin, flutolanil, tebuconazole, myclobutanil, chlorothalonil, mancozeb, pyraclostrobin + boscalid, flutolanil + tebuconazole, flutolanil + myclobutanil, flutolanil + chlorothalonil, and flutolanil + mancozeb applied on 14-day intervals, and a nontreated control, were evaluated under high disease pressure at three locations in Griffin, GA, in 2015. Tebuconazole or the tebuconazole + flutolanil treatment consistently had the lowest area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) of the treatments. The addition of flutolanil to chlorothalonil or mancozeb did not improve rust control and no difference in disease severity was observed in any treatment containing contact fungicides on all assessment dates. Single application costs ranged from $10.21 to $95.96 with tebuconazole providing excellent disease management at a relatively low cost per application ($13.90).

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Assessment of genes controlling Area under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) for stripe rust (P. Striiformis F. Sp. Tritici) in two wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) crosses

Cytology and Genetics ◽

10.3103/s0095452709040045 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 241-252 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Irfaq ◽

Mir Ajab ◽

Hongxiang Ma ◽

GSS Khattak

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Stripe Rust ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Disease Progress Curve ◽

Disease Progress ◽

Progress Curve

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Comparison of Single and Double Spray of Fungicides on the Rate of Ascochyta blight, Area under the Disease Progress Curve and Yield of Chickpea Cultivars

Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.3923/pjbs.1999.406.409 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 406-409

Author(s):

M. Asim Islam . ◽

M. Aslam Khan . ◽

M. Bashir Ilyas .

Keyword(s):

Ascochyta Blight ◽

Disease Progress Curve ◽

Disease Progress ◽

Progress Curve ◽

Chickpea Cultivars

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Temporal progress of southern rust in maize under different environmental conditions

Fitopatologia Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-41582003000300008 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 273-278 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Cláudia V. Godoy ◽

Lílian Amorim ◽

Armando Bergamin Filho ◽

Herbert P. Silva ◽

Willian J. Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Logistic Model ◽

Inflection Point ◽

Gompertz Model ◽

Disease Progress Curve ◽

Disease Progress ◽

Progress Curve ◽

Puccinia Polysora ◽

The Mean

The progress of the severity of southern rust in maize (Zea mays) caused by Puccinia polysora was quantified in staggered plantings in different geographical areas in Brazil, from October to May, over two years (1995-1996 and 1996-1997). The logistic model, fitted to the data, better described the disease progress curves than the Gompertz model. Four components of the disease progress curves (maximum disease severity; area under the disease progress curve, AUDPC; area under the disease progress curve around the inflection point, AUDPCi; and epidemic rate) were used to compare the epidemics in different areas and at different times of planting. The AUDPC, AUDPCi, and the epidemic rate were analyzed in relation to the weather (temperature, relative humidity, hours of relative humidity >90%, and rainfall) and recorded during the trials. Disease severity reached levels greater than 30% in Piracicaba and Guaíra in the plantings between December and January. Lower values of AUDPC occurred in later plantings at both locations. The epidemic rate was positively correlated (P < 0.05) with the mean daily temperatures and negatively correlated with hours of relative humidity >90%. The AUDPC was not correlated with any weather variable. The AUDPCi was negatively related to both variables connected to humidity, but not to rain. Long periods (mostly >13 h day-1) of relative humidity >90% (that corresponded to leaf wetness) occurred in Castro. Severity of southern rust in maize has always been low in Castro, thus the negative correlations between disease and the two humidity variables.

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Fungicides for Control of Downy Mildew on Pickling Cucumber in Michigan

Plant Health Progress ◽

10.1094/php-04-19-0025-rs ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 165-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Katelyn E. Goldenhar ◽

Mary K. Hausbeck

Keyword(s):

Downy Mildew ◽

Untreated Control ◽

Field Studies ◽

Pseudoperonospora Cubensis ◽

Relative Area ◽

Disease Progress Curve ◽

Cucurbit Downy Mildew ◽

Disease Progress ◽

Pickling Cucumber ◽

Progress Curve

Michigan growers rely on fungicides to limit cucurbit downy mildew (CDM), incited by Pseudoperonospora cubensis; resistance of the pathogen to fungicides is a concern. We evaluated fungicides against CDM in Michigan field studies from 2015 to 2017. According to the relative area under the disease progress curve (rAUDPC), in 2015, mandipropamid, propamocarb, fluxapyroxad/pyraclostrobin, copper octanoate, and dimethomorph resulted in disease levels similar to the control. These treatments, along with cymoxanil, were similar to the control in 2016. Fungicides that were ineffective during 2015 and 2016 did not limit CDM in 2017. Famoxadone/cymoxanil and fluopicolide did not limit CDM in 2017. Each year, the following treatments were similar for disease based on rAUDPC data: oxathiapiprolin applied alone or premixed with chlorothalonil or mandipropamid, ametoctradin/dimethomorph, fluazinam, mancozeb/zoxamide, cyazofamid, and ethaboxam. An exception occurred in 2017, when ethaboxam was less effective than fluazinam, oxathiapiprolin/chlorothalonil, and oxathiapiprolin/mandipropamid. Mancozeb and chlorothalonil treatments were similar in 2015 and 2017, according to rAUDPC data. In 2017, yields were increased for oxathiapiprolin/chlorothalonil, oxathiapiprolin/mandipropamid, mancozeb, ametoctradin/dimethomorph, mancozeb/zoxamide, ethaboxam, cyazofamid, chlorothalonil, and fluazinam compared with the untreated control.

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Stability of Slow-Rusting Resistance to Puccinia asparagi and Managing Rust in Asparagus

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-09-11-0797-re ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 96 (7) ◽

pp. 997-1000 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dennis A. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Irrigation Management ◽

Field Trials ◽

Disease Progress Curve ◽

Resistant Cultivars ◽

Disease Progress ◽

Slow Rusting ◽

South Central ◽

Progress Curve ◽

The Stability

The stability of slow-rusting resistance to Puccinia asparagi in several asparagus cultivars was evaluated in two replicated field trials. Rust epidemics were monitored in each trial for 8 years spanning a period of 13 years (1983–1990 and 1987–1995). Inoculum of P. asparagi, an autoecious macrocyclic rust, originated each year as teliospores. In the first trial, the cultivars Jersey Titan, Jersey Centennial, Jersey Giant, Delmonte-361, and UC-157 had consistently lower area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) values than Wash T2 and WSU-1. Cultivar Mary Washington was intermediate between the two groups of resistant and susceptible cultivars in 6 of 8 years. Jersey Titan consistently ranked number 1 for resistance with the lowest AUDPC values all 8 years. In the second trial, Jersey Giant, Delmonte-361, and UC-157 had consistently lower AUDPC values than Larac, Gynlim, Cito, Largo 17-3, and Franklim in each of 8 years. Jersey Giant, Delmonte-361, and UC-157 always ranked low (1, 2, or 3) for AUDPC. A shift from rust-susceptible to rust-resistant asparagus cultivars began in central Washington around 1996. In 2011, resistant cultivars made up nearly 96% of the asparagus plantings. From 1996 to 2011, rust was not considered a problem in commercial fields with slow-rusting resistant cultivars. Use of durable, slow-rusting cultivars, along with sanitation practices that reduced levels of aecia in nonharvested nurseries and on volunteer asparagus plants and judicious irrigation management, has effectively managed asparagus rust in commercial fields for at least 29 years in south-central Washington.

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SAMPLE SIZE FOR ASSESS THE LEAF BLAST SEVERITY IN EXPERIMENTS WITH IRRIGATED RICE

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252016v29n406rc ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 822-831 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

BRUNO GIACOMINI SARI ◽

ALESSANDRO DAL'COL LÚCIO ◽

IVAN FRANCISCO DRESSLER DA COSTA ◽

ANA LÚCIA DE PAULA RIBEIRO

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Sample Size ◽

Negative Binomial ◽

Leaf Blast ◽

Disease Progress Curve ◽

Disease Progress ◽

Progress Curve ◽

Morisita Index ◽

Rice Leaf Blast ◽

Severity Of The Disease

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine the sample size needed to assess the severity of leaf blast in rice in experiments with different fungicide treatments. The severity and the area under the disease progress curve data of three chemical disease control treatments carried out in Rio Grande do Sul, were used in the study. Analysis of variance was performed to verify whether the severity of the disease differed between treatments. The spread of disease was was also found to be different between treatments and assessments, using the variance/mean ratio and Morisita index. The spatial distribution of the disease among the treatments and during the evaluations is important for the choice of the equation used to calculate the sample size. The spatial distribution of the disease was not the same across the experiments, and it varied between treatments and evaluations. Thus, we decided to use a formula that was not associated with distributions to indicate the spatial distribution (negative binomial or Poisson) of the disease in the field. The sample size to estimate the average of rice leaf blast severity varied between treatments and evaluations. The area under the disease progress curve is necessary to be determined to reduce the number of samples needed. Thus, it is recommended to assess 293 sheets to estimate severity, and 63 to estimate AUDPC at 20% error.

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The Area Under the Disease Progress Stairs: Calculation, Advantage, and Application

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-07-11-0216 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 102 (4) ◽

pp. 381-389 ◽

Cited By ~ 128

Author(s):

Ivan Simko ◽

Hans-Peter Piepho

Keyword(s):

Real Data ◽

Disease Progress Curve ◽

Disease Progress ◽

Multiple Observations ◽

Progress Curve ◽

New Formula

The area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) is frequently used to combine multiple observations of disease progress into a single value. However, our analysis shows that this approach severely underestimates the effect of the first and last observation. To get a better estimate of disease progress, we have developed a new formula termed the area under the disease progress stairs (AUDPS). The AUDPS approach improves the estimation of disease progress by giving a weight closer to optimal to the first and last observations. Analysis of real data indicates that AUDPS outperforms AUDPC in most of the tested trials and may be less precise than AUDPC only when assessments in the first or last observations have a comparatively large variance. We propose using AUDPS and its standardized (sAUDPS) and relative (rAUDPS) forms when combining multiple observations from disease progress experiments into a single value.

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