Neuroimaging Findings in Glaucoma (Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study)

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Gazizova Ilmira ◽  
Bogdan Andrey ◽  
Khomenko Yulia ◽  
Gromova Elena ◽  
Zainullina Svetlana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
The Right

The aim of the research is to determine metabolic changes in brain tissue by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) for patients who had primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and to reveal a correlation between morphometric and functional alterations in the optic nerve and retina with basic MRS data. Methods: The study involved 24 patients with a diagnosis of POAG aged 58 to 80 years (mean age 73.2 ± 9.5 years). All patients underwent verification of the diagnosis of POAG, quantitative static perimetry (indexes were evaluated: MD - mean deviation), optical coherence tomography of the retina (assessment of the area of the neuro-retinal rim (NRR) and the thickness of the nerve fibers’ layer of the retina (RNFL)). The 2D-PRESS (Point RESolved Spectroscopy) volume-selection method was used for multivoxel MRS, TE (Time Echo) = 144ms TR (Time Repetition) = 2s, the size of each voxel was 10 * 10 * 15mm. The region of interest included thalami (4 voxels in each thalamus) and occipital cortex; Cho/Cr, NAA/Cr and NAA/Cho were evaluated. Results: According to analysis of variance, the ratio of NAA/Cr in the right thalamus was associated with the POAG stage of the right eye (F = 5.006; p = 0.0173) and decreased with increasing of the disease stage. At the same time, there were no significant differences in different stages of POAG of the left eye (F = 1.337; p = 0.285). The ratio of NAA/Cr in the left thalamus did not differ depending on the POAG stage of the right eye (F = 1.337; p = 0.285) but depended on the stage of POAG of the left eye (F = 6.245; p = 0.0074). Thus, the eye POAG stage affected the ratio of NAA/Cr in the ipsilateral thalamus, but not in the contralateral one. It was also revealed that the ratio of NAA/Cr in the right occipital cortex correlated positively with the area of the NRR and MD of the left eye (r = 0.54; p = 0.0069 and r = 0.54; p = 0.0260, respectively). Conclusions: The decline of NAA/Cr ratio in thalamus and occipital cortex is observed in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma, which confirms the impairment of functional state of these brain structures and may indicate the neurodegeneration in the central part of visual system in patients with POAG. The correlations of the stage of primary open-angle glaucoma and the Cho/Cr ratio and NAA/Cr ratio in thalamus were revealed, which could have diagnostic and prognostic value in POAG. The dependence of the ratio of NAA/Cr in the thalamus and occipital cortex and morphometric data of the optic disc and the functional state of the retina was determined, which confirms the involvement of the optic tract in the POAG progression and its possible development.

scholarly journals Association between altered proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) findings and clinical symptoms of schizophrenia.

2013 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
Senair Alberto Ambros ◽  
Paulo Belmonte Abreu ◽  
Eloísa Elena Ferreira ◽  
Pdro Eugenio Ferreira ◽  
Luciana Estacia Ambros
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Proton Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Thalamic Nuclei ◽  
1H Mrs ◽  
Disorganized Speech ◽  
The Right

Objective: To assess the metabolic alterations of the thalamus in subjects with schizophrenia compared to healthysubjects and to investigate whether specific schizophrenic symptoms are associated with metabolic alterationsmeasured by 1H MRS. Methods: This is a case-control study including patients with schizophrenia diagnosed usingthe Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - Fourth Edition, DMS-IV and the Operational CriteriaChecklist for Psychotic Illness (OPCRIT). Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) was used to assessmetabolite concentrations (N-acetylaspartate, choline, creatinine, myoionositol and lactacte) in the left and rightthalamus of 13 patients with schizophrenia and 13 healthy controls. Results: In this study, concentrations ofspecific metabolites in the thalamus, determined by 1H MRS, were similar for individuals with schizophrenia andcontrols. It was observed that cases with family history of schizophrenia and disorganized speech demonstrated areduction in the ratio of the metabolites NAA /Cho in the thalamic nuclei on the right side. However, those withorganized delusions, hallucinations and non-affective auditory hallucinations had an increase of metabolites on theright side compared to the left thalamus. Decreased thalamic metabolic activity in patients with positive symptomswas observed in contrast with those who had well-organized delusions and auditory non-affective hallucinations,core symptoms of schizophrenia. Conclusion: A lateralized thalamic involvement was verified, suggesting thatorganic and genetic factors compromise the right thalamus and that the disorganization associated with delusionsand hallucinations compromises the left thalamic nuclei. Further studies to investigate the correlation betweensymptoms and thalamic dysfunction are warranted. (Rev Neuropsiquiatr 2011;74:183-190)

scholarly journals Effect of mean ocular perfusion pressure on primary open angle glaucoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 286-290
Author(s):  
Pallab Kumar Sen ◽  
Nazneen Khan ◽  
Md. Shafiqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Ocular Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Ocular Perfusion ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Primary open angle glaucoma is the most common form of glaucoma and it remains asymptomatic until the late stage of the disease. The purpose of this study is to compare the mean ocular perfusion pressure with the primary open angle glaucoma. A total of 60 study subjects were divided into two following groups: a) newly diagnosed patients with primary open angle glaucoma (case) and b) age and sex-matched healthy volunteers (control). The intraocular pressure and blood pressure were measured 3 hourly from 8:00 am to 11:00 pm. The mean ocular perfusion pressure of the right eyes in untreated primary open angle glaucoma was 39.9 ± 7.5 mm Hg whereas it was 47.7 ± 7.7 mm Hg in the control. The odds ratio was 6.6 (95% CI, 2.1-20.5; p=0.002). The right eyes of untreated primary open angle glaucoma had 6.6 times more risk compared to the control group. The mean ocular perfusion pressure of left eyes in untreated primary open angle glaucoma was 39.9 ± 7.5 mm Hg and 48.6 ± 4.0 mm Hg in the control group. The odds ratio was 5.7 (95% CI, 1.8-17.5; p=0.004). The left eyes of untreated primary open angle glaucoma had 5.7 times more risk compared to control group. The findings revealed the evidence of vascular mechanism in glaucoma pathogenesis: Reduction of mean ocular perfusion pressure ≤48 mm Hg, may lead to daily repetitive ischemic insult to the optic nerve.

Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H MRS) of the Hippocampal Formation in Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study

1994 ◽  
Vol 165 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry A. Nasrallah ◽  
Thomas E. Skinner ◽  
Petra Schmalbrock ◽  
Pierre-Marle Robitaille
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Proton Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Hippocampal Formation ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Temporal Region ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Temporal Structures ◽  
The Right

BackgroundRecent post-mortem and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies strongly suggest a decrease in the volume of the hippocampus and other limbic temporal structures in schizophrenia. Therefore, we hypothesised that N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) which is found mainly in neurons and which can be measured by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) would be decreased in the limbic temporal region in schizophrenia.MethodConsenting subjects fulfilling DSM-III-R criteria for schizophrenia (n = 11) and matched healthy volunteers (n = 11) who were recruited in a tertiary university referral centre, participated in a 1H MRS brain study. Proton MRS spectra were obtained from a 12 cm3 voxel (2 × 2 × 3 cm) in the right and left hippocampus/amygdala region. A researcher blind to the source of the spectra, measured the NAA intensity in all subjects, which were then statistically compared across the two groups.ResultsNAA intensities were significantly reduced in the right hippocampus/amygdala region of schizophrenic patients (P = 0.038). The difference of the left side did not reach significance at the 95% confidence level.ConclusionsThe findings of decreased NAA in this study suggest that there may be a decrement in neuronal number or tissue volume of the right hippocampal/amygdala region in schizophrenia. Biochemical alterations in the metabolism of NAA in schizophrenia may be an alternative explanation. The findings are consistent with other types of post-mortem and in vivo evidence for hypoplasia of the limbic temporal structures in schizophrenia, postulated to be of neurodevelopmental pathogenesis.

A magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of antisocial behaviour disorder, psychopathy and violent crime among military conscripts

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cengiz Basoglu ◽  
Umit Semiz ◽  
Ozgur Oner ◽  
Huseyin Gunay ◽  
Servet Ebrinc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Antisocial Behaviour ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Violent Crimes ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist Revised ◽  
The Right

Background:Prefrontal and/or temporo-limbic abnormalities associated with antisocial personality disorder (APD), high psychopathy scores and violent behaviours can readily be evaluated by neuroimaging methods.Objectives:In this study, we compared the brain metabolites in adult male military conscripts with APD, high psychopathy scores and serious violent crimes (n = 15) with age- and educational-level-matched healthy controls (n = 15) by means of magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Methods:All cases were diagnosed by means of the Diagnostic Statistical Manual-IV APD module of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM III-R Axis II Disorders (SCID-II) semistructured questionnaire in Turkish. The psychopathy scores were evaluated by means of the Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised translated into Turkish (PCL-R). PCL-R is a 20-item, reliable and valid instrument for assessment of psychopathy, both in categorical and dimensional natures. All patients had a total score of 29 (of possible 40) or higher from PCL-R, indicating a high degree of psychopathy.Results:Our results showed no significant differences in ratio of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), creatine (Cr) and choline-related compounds in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and amygdala–hippocampus regions of cases compared with controls. ACC NAA/Cr was significantly negatively correlated with both the PCL-R total score and the PCL-R factor I score (interpersonal/affective problems) among the cases.Conclusion:As ACC plays an important role in decision-making and emotional information processing, we postulate that the lower NAA/Cr ratio, suggesting impaired neural integrity, may increase the severity of interpersonal/affective problems of the psychopathy factor in male subjects exhibiting APD, high psychopathy overall scores and violent crimes.

Reduced Levels of Creatine in the Right Medial Temporal Lobe Region of Panic Disorder Patients Detected with 1H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

NeuroImage ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 836-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillem Massana ◽  
Cristóbal Gastó ◽  
Carme Junqué ◽  
José-Marı́a Mercader ◽  
Beatriz Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
1H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
The Right

scholarly journals A cross-impact degree and morpho-functional correlation characteristics between primary open-angle glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. V. Avdeyev ◽  
A. S. Aleksandrov ◽  
A. S. Basinskiy ◽  
Ye. A. Blyum ◽  
A. Yu. Brezhnev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Functional Correlation ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cis Countries

A study of cross-impact degree and morpho-functional correlation characteristics of primary open angle glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration was performed at 25 clinical sites in Russia and some CIS countries from January through May 2013. The study final protocol included 87 patients (108 eyes) divided into two groups, mean age of patients was 66.6 ± 5.65 years (min 55; max 81). Intragroup and intergroup variance analysis did not establish any significant difference in the macular area between the «glaucoma» group and the «glaucoma + AMD» group depending on the disease stage. The findings suggest that macular degeneration develops subsequent to a preexisting glaucomatous state.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document