scholarly journals Notes on Strobilanthes cuspidata with reinstatement of Endopogon versicolor (Acanthaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Sinjumol Thomas ◽  
Bince Mani ◽  
S John Britto ◽  
Yunfei Deng ◽  
A K Pradeep ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Length Ratio ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
New Name ◽  
Previously Treated

Endopogon versicolor Wight, previously treated as a synonym of Strobilanthes cuspidata (Benth.) T. Anderson, is reinstated as a distinct species and a new name S. benthamii B. Mani, Sinj. Thomas, Britto, A.K. Pradeep, Y.F. Deng & E.S.S. Kumar is necessarily proposed here. It differs from S. cuspidata by the stem and leaf indumentum, bract/calyx length ratio, corolla shape, pollen morphology, etc. Detailed descriptions, illustrations, pollen morphology and comparison with similar species are provided.

Lifting the curtain on our knowledge on New Guinean Benstonea (Pandanaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 275 (2) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
MARTIN W. CALLMANDER ◽  
ARY P. KEIM ◽  
CHARLIE D. HEATUBUN ◽  
PETER HOMOT ◽  
SVEN BUERKI
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Herbarium Material ◽  
New Name ◽  
On This Island ◽  
Centres Of Diversity ◽  
Previously Treated

New Guinea is one of the centres of diversity of Benstonea (Pandanaceae), a genus distributed from India to Fiji. Ten species were previously recognised on this island and further field observations, accompanied by the study of available herbarium material have brought new insights into species delimitations within a group of caespitose species with a solitary terminal infructescence. The taxonomical identity of Benstonea odoardoi is elucidated and is considered here as a synonym of Benstonea lauterbachii. Three new combinations and a new name—based on names of Pandanus species previously treated as synonyms of Benstonea odoardoi—are proposed for four distinct species belonging to this group of caespitose species and restricted to Indonesian New Guinea and Papua New Guinea. Finally, Pandanus bintuniensis is here considered as a synonym of Benstonea permicron.

scholarly journals Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 15. R. hirsuta and R. tomentosa, sp. nov., two distinct species previously treated as one

Bothalia ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. H. Volk ◽  
S. M. Perold
Keyword(s):  
Southern Africa ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Previously Treated

The description of Riccia hirsuta (Volk Perold 1986) is emended and new illustrations of the species are provided, as the original description and illustrations were based on  two distinct, but rather similar species. Examination of newly collected material of R. hirsuta, showed it to belong to subgenus Riccia, section Pilifer (Volk 1983). Section Micantes (Volk Perold 1986) of which this was the type species, is therefore transferred to section Pilifer. R. tomentosa Volk Perold, sp. nov., described here, is at first glance somewhat similar to R. hirsuta in its habit, hence the earlier confusion in Volk Perold (1986). It also resembles R. hirsuta in its dorsal covering of long hairs and in the triangular scales apically split into cellular strands. R. tomentosa, however, differs from R. hirsuta in the spongy (not compact) construction of the thallus and in the spores permanently united in tetrads (not single). It belongs to subgenus  Thallocarpus and is the type species of the new section Pannosae.

Two new species in the Ficinia indica complex (Cyperaceae, tribe Cypereae) from South Africa

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 295 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
ALUWANI A. TSHIILA ◽  
SAMSON B.M. CHIMPHANGO ◽  
JAN-ADRIAAN VILJOEN ◽  
A. MUTHAMA MUASYA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Region Growing ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Cape Floristic Region ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
As Species ◽  
Two New Species

Unclear boundaries between species hinder identification in the field and in herbaria, especially in species groups that can only be distinguished on the basis of subtle morphological and ecological features. One such taxon is Ficinia indica, widespread in the Greater Cape Floristic Region, growing on deep sandy soils between sea level and 1000 m elevation. Within its range, several phylogenetically related and morphologically similar species co-occur or occupy distinct habitats. Studies in herbaria show species in the Ficinia indica complex to be largely misidentified based on the use of qualitative information. Here, we investigate whether the six taxa recognized, based on one or a few characters, are supported as distinct species based on multivariate analysis of macro-morphological data. Two of the taxa were mostly separated whereas the other four taxa overlapped in multivariate space, but all the taxa could be distinguished using a single or a combination of morphological and ecological characters. We uphold the four previously recognized taxa (Ficinia argyropus, F. elatior, F. indica, F. laevis) as species, describe two new species (F. arnoldii and F. montana), and provide a dichotomous key for their identification.

scholarly journals Multigene phylogeny and morphology reveal Phaeobotryon rhois sp. nov. (Botryosphaeriales, Ascomycota)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 205 (2) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIN-LEI FAN ◽  
KEVIN D. HYDE ◽  
JIAN-KUI LIU ◽  
YING-MEI LIANG ◽  
CHENG-MING TIAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Multigene Phylogeny ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Canker Disease ◽  
Multigene Analysis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rhus Typhina ◽  
A New Species

The family Botryosphaeriaceae encompasses important plant-associated pathogens, endophytes and saprobes with a wide geographical and host distribution. Two dark-spored botryosphaeriaceous taxa associated with Rhus typhina dieback and canker disease were collected from Ningxia Province, in northwestern China. Morphology and multigene analysis (ITS, LSU and EF-1α) clearly distinguished this clade as a distinct species in the genus. Phaeobotryon rhois is introduced and illustrated as a new species in this paper. The species is characterized by its globose, unilocular fruiting bodies and small, brown, 1-septate conidia. It can be distinguished from the similar species P. cercidis, P. cupressi, P. mamane and P. quercicola based on host association and conidial size and colour.

New names, species and synonyms in a changing Velloziaceae world

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 309 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
RENATO MELLO-SILVA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
New Name ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Taxonomic History ◽  
A New Species

Vellozia leptopetala corresponds to V. epidendroides, a much older name, and its taxonomic history encompass also V. epidendroides var. divaricata and V. epidendroides var. major, which are quite distinct species. For solving this situation, new synonyms of V. epidendroides, a new name, V. ornithophila, and a new status for both varieties of V. epidendroides are here presented. Vellozia virgata corresponds to V. sellowii, also a much older name. For solving this situation, the sinking of V. virgata into V. sellowii, and a new species, V. linearis, based on the isotypes of V. virgata, are presented. Vellozia asperula var. filifolia showed to be a very distinct species from V. asperula. For mending this situation, a new status for V. asperula var. filifolia is proposed.

scholarly journals Ecological opportunity shapes a large Arctic charr species radiation

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1913) ◽  
pp. 20191992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmela J. Doenz ◽  
Andrin K. Krähenbühl ◽  
Jonas Walker ◽  
Ole Seehausen ◽  
Jakob Brodersen
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Small Lakes ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Ecological Opportunity ◽  
Intermediate Size ◽  
Variable Population ◽  
Lake Size

Ecological opportunity is considered a crucial factor for adaptive radiation. Here, we combine genetic, morphological and ecological data to assess species and ecomorphological diversity of Artic charr in six lakes of a catchment in southernmost Greenland, where only charr and stickleback occur. Because the diversity of habitats and resources increases with lake size, we predict a positive association between lake size and the extent of ecomorphological diversity. The largest lake of the catchment harbours the largest Arctic charr assemblage known today. It consists of six genetically differentiated species belonging to five ecomorphs (anadromous, littoral benthic, profundal dwarf, planktivorous, piscivorous), of which the latter comprises two ecomorphologically extremely similar species. Lakes of intermediate size contain two ecomorphologically and genetically distinct species. Small lakes harbour one genetically homogeneous, yet sometimes ecomorphologically variable population. Supporting our prediction, lake size is positively correlated with the extent of ecomorphological specialization towards profundal, pelagic and piscivorous lifestyle. Furthermore, assemblage-wide morphospace increases sharply when more than one genetic cluster is present. Our data suggest that ecological opportunity and speciation jointly determine phenotypic expansion in this charr radiation.

Gavelinella Breardi, A New Name For the Turonian Gulf Coast Marker Species Anomalina “w”

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Denne ◽  
Arden D. Callender ◽  
Nancy Engelhardt-Moore ◽  
Russell E. Hinote ◽  
Christopher M. Lowery
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Benthic Foraminifer ◽  
Similar Form ◽  
Eagle Ford ◽  
New Name ◽  
Stratigraphic Range

Abstract The name Gavelinella breardi n. sp. is proposed for the Turonian benthic foraminifer informally known as Anomalina “W”. This species is used by industry paleontologists as a marker for the Eagle Ford Group of Texas and has a known stratigraphic range from the Late Cenomanian to the Late Turonian. It is distinguished from the similar species Gavelinella petita and Planulina eaglefordensis by its raised, limbate sutures in early whorls. Another similar form, Anomalina redmondi Petters, is reassigned to the genus Gavelinella.

Genetic diversity of three Aegla species (Decapoda, Anomura) revealed by AFLP and mtDNA markers

Crustaceana ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-462
Author(s):  
Bianca L. Zimmermann ◽  
Jober V. De Vargas Machado ◽  
Sandro Santos ◽  
Marlise L. Bartholomei-Santos
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Taxonomic Resolution ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Management And Conservation ◽  
Mtdna Markers

Abstract Representatives of the genus Aegla present a conserved morphology; thus, the increased use of molecular markers has raised many taxonomic issues. We used AFLP and mtDNA to investigate the genetic differentiation and phylogenetic relationships of morphologically similar species with overlapping distribution areas in southern Brazil: A. georginae, A. ludwigi, and A. platensis. While A. platensis is widely distributed, the critically endangered A. georginae and A. ludwigi have limited distributions. Although both markers showed populations with low levels of genetic variability, they differed markedly in revealing relationships between populations; according to AFLP, the genetic distances between A. platensis populations were as high as those between distinct species, a result not observed when considering mtDNA data. We emphasize that the use of multiple lines of evidence is necessary for defining correct levels of genetic diversity and a good species-level taxonomic resolution. Such features are essential for the management and conservation of Aegla species.

A karyological study of the genus Pnigalio Schrank (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae): Assessing the taxonomic utility of chromosomes at the species level

2011 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gebiola ◽  
M. Giorgini ◽  
P. Navone ◽  
U. Bernardo
Keyword(s):  
Relative Length ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Karyological Study ◽  
Centromeric Index ◽  
Interspecific Variability ◽  
Reciprocal Differences ◽  
Karyotype Structure

AbstractWe provide a karyological study of 12 species of the genus Pnigalio in an attempt to evaluate the taxonomic utility of karyotypes at the species level. For all species of Pnigalio examined the number of chromosome was 2n=12. Karyotype formulae presented mainly metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes, although a pair of acrocentrics or subtelocentrics, shorter than biarmed chromosomes, was present in some species. The analysis of karyotypes of Pnigalio showed frequent but not general interspecific variability of the chromosome traits. Although most of the studied species revealed concordance between morphological and karyological characters (centromeric index and relative length), two other categories have been identified: morphologically distinct species without reciprocal differences in karyotype structure, and morphologically similar species that strongly differ in chromosomal characters.

Genetic relationships and variation in the Stylosanthes guianensis species complex assessed by random amplified polymorphic DNA

Genome ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kemal Kazan ◽  
John M. Manners ◽  
Don F. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Random Sequence ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Protein Patterns ◽  
Stylosanthes Guianensis ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

Genetic variation in the five taxonomic groups of the Stylosanthes guianensis (Aubl.) Sw. complex was investigated using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers (RAPDs). DNA samples from four plants of each of 45 accessions within the S. guianensis species complex were analyzed using 20 oligonucleotides of random sequence. Little variation was found within each of the 18 accessions (1–7% of total RAPD bands in pairwise comparisons) and none within each of the other 27 accessions. However, higher levels of polymorphisms were observed both within (index of genetic distance = 1 − F = 0.16–0.248) and between (1 − F = 0.254–0.408) the five taxa. This level of differentiation at the DNA level supported an earlier classification of the taxa as distinct species. A phenogram based on band sharing was constructed to show genetic relationships among the taxa studied. This phenogram corroborated the description of relationships based on morphological–agronomic characteristics, seed protein patterns, rhizobial affinities, crossability, and pollen stainability of the hybrids. In this phenogram, the most similar species were S. grandiflora and S. hippocampoides (1 − F = 0.264), with S. acuminata also showing closest similarity to these two species (1 − F = 0.277 and 0.283, respectively). Stylosanthes gracilis accessions showed the closest similarity (1 − F = 0.296) to S. guianensis ssp. guianensis accessions. Lowest similarity values (1 − F = 0.335–0.411) were found between these two species and S. grandiflora, S. acuminata, and S. hippocampoides.Key words: polymerase chain reaction, random amplified polymorphic DNA, Stylosanthes guianensis species complex.

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