scholarly journals The little-known Fissidens axilliflorus Thwaites & Mitt. (Fissidentaceae: Bryophyta) - new to the moss flora of India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Sreebha ◽  
A E D Daniels
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Flora Of India ◽  
Photo Plate ◽  
The Western Ghats

Fissidens axilliflorus, so far known from Sri Lanka and Laos, has been discovered in the Western Ghats in India. A description with line drawings, a photo plate and a key to distinguish F. axilliflorus from the similar F. crenulatus are provided.

Clonal propagation through stem cuttings and air layering in Syzygium caryophyllatum (L.) Alston an endemic tree Species of the Western Ghats and Sri Lanka

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-87
Author(s):  
Abdul Hussain ◽  
C. Anilkumar
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Ideal Tool ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Western Ghats

Rooting trials conducted with stem cuttings and air layering in Syzygium caryophyllatum (L.) Alston, an important medicinal and fruit plant gave promising results after treatment with auxins such as IAA, IBA and NAA in different concentrations. Both stem cuttings and air layering from 10 year old plants have resulted a maximum rooting of 80% and 70% respectively through the application of IBA-1000ppm, in their natural habitats. The plants developed from stem cuttings and air layering was also survived with 90% success. Thus the standardized clonal propagation method in S. caryophyllatum through stem cutting and air layering reported for the first time can be taken as an ideal tool for the multiplication and subsequent resource base utilization of the species since the populations are prone to endangerment in its habitats.

Discovery of the genus Strangulotilla Nonveiller, 1979 (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae) in India and description of a new species from the Western Ghats

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5057 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
JOSHUA B. TERINE ◽  
ARKADY S. LELEJ ◽  
GIRISH P. KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Oriental Region ◽  
The Western Ghats ◽  
A New Species

The Afrotropical genus Strangulotilla Nonveiller, 1979, which was recorded only from Sri Lanka in the Oriental Region, is newly reported from India with the description of a new species Strangulotilla sureshani sp. nov. from the Western Ghats of Karnataka. Differences between the new species and the closely related S. krombeini Lelej, 2005 as well as a key to the Oriental species of Strangulotilla are given.  

The pholcid spiders of Sri Lanka (Araneae: Pholcidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4550 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
BERNHARD A. HUBER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Southwestern Part ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Western Ghats

As part of the Western Ghats-Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot, Sri Lanka harbors a rich and diverse fauna, especially in the perhumid southwestern part of the island. However, many invertebrate groups such as spiders continue to be poorly studied. The present paper reviews our knowledge about Pholcidae, a family of spiders that is well represented in Sri Lanka, both by numerous (10) introduced species and by a rich native fauna in five genera (described native Sri Lankan species in parentheses): Belisana Thorell, 1898 (6), Leptopholcus Simon, 1893 (1), Pholcus Walckenaer, 1805 (4), Tissahamia Huber, 2018 (4), and Wanniyala Huber & Benjamin, 2005 (9). Fourteen species are newly described: Belisana minneriya sp. n., B. badulla sp. n., B. gowindahela sp. n.; Pholcus metta sp. n., P. puranappui sp. n., P. uva sp. n.; Tissahamia karuna sp. n.; Wanniyala mudita sp. n., W. orientalis sp. n., W. upekkha sp. n., W. ohiya sp. n., W. viharekele sp. n., W. mapalena sp. n., and W. labugama sp. n.. All new species are described from males and females. New Sri Lankan records are given for 16 previously described species. Distribution data suggest that most or all of the 24 native species might be endemic to Sri Lanka, but the Indian pholcid fauna remains almost entirely unknown. 

The first Indian record of Pogonatum marginatum Mitt. (Polytrichaceae) from the Western Ghats

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALVERT EBENEZER DULIP DANIELS ◽  
KOCHUMANI CHINNAPILLA KARIYAPPA ◽  
JAAKKO HYVONEN ◽  
NEIL BELL
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Photographic Plate ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
First Record ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Chloroplast Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
The Western Ghats

Pogonatum marginatum has been previously known from Sri Lanka and Vietnam. It was recently collected in the Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve in the Western Ghats (Kerala and Tamil Nadu), this being the first record of the plant in India. We provide a detailed description of the species with figures and a photographic plate, plus novel chloroplast gene sequences of the Indian plant, another specimen of the same species, and a close relative.

Two novel genera and one new species of treefrog (Anura: Rhacophoridae) highlight cryptic diversity in the Western Ghats of India

Zootaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3640 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBIN KURIAN ABRAHAM ◽  
R. ALEXANDER PYRON ◽  
ANSIL B. R. ◽  
ARUN ZACHARIAH ◽  
ANIL ZACHARIAH
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Reproductive Mode ◽  
Restricted Area ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
One New Species ◽  
The Western Ghats

Amphibian diversity in the Western Ghats-Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot is extremely high, especially for such a geo-graphically restricted area. Frogs in particular dominate these assemblages, and the family Rhacophoridae is chief among these, with hundreds of endemic species. These taxa continue to be described at a rapid pace, and several groups have recently been found to represent unique evolutionary clades at the genus level. Here, we report DNA sequences, larval and breeding data for two species of rhacophorid treefrog (Polypedates bijui and a new, hitherto undescribed species). Re-markably, they represent unique, independent clades which form successive sister groups to the Pseudophilautus (Sri Lan-ka) + Raorchestes (India, China & Indochina) clades. We place these species into two new genera (Beddomixalus gen. nov. and Mercurana gen. nov.). Both of these genera exhibit a distinct reproductive mode among Rhacophoridae of pen-insular India and Sri Lanka, with explosive breeding and semiterrestrial, unprotected, non-pigmented eggs oviposited in seasonal swamp pools, which hatch into exotrophic, free-living aquatic tadpoles. Relationships and representation of re-productive modes in sister taxa within the larger clade into which these novel genera are placed, is also discussed. These results suggest that more undescribed taxa may remain to be discovered in South Asia, and the crucial importance of con-serving remaining viable habitats.

A revision of Oriental Teloganodidae (Insecta, Ephemeroptera, Ephemerelloidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1957 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHEL SARTORI ◽  
JANICE G. PETERS ◽  
MICHAEL D. HUBBARD
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
The Family ◽  
Egg Morphology ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Western Ghats

Based on the examination of the type series of Cloe tristis Hagen, 1858 (type species of the genus Teloganodes Eaton, 1882) and material housed in several institutions, a revision of Oriental Teloganodidae is proposed. A lectotype is designated for Teloganodes tristis (Hagen, 1858) and the genus is redefined. The species T. major Eaton, 1884, is a subjective junior synonym of T. tristis Hagen, 1858 (syn. nov.). The genus Macafertiella Wang, 1996 is a subjective junior synonym of Teloganodes Eaton, 1882 (syn. nov.). A phylogenetic analysis is performed on all available nymphs. Teloganodes is restricted to Sri Lanka and the Western Ghats of India and encompasses the type species and T. dentatus Navás, 1931, T. insignis (Wang & McCafferty, 1996) (comb. nov.), and the following new species: T. tuberculatus sp. nov. (Sri Lanka), T. kodai sp. nov. (India), T. jacobusi sp. nov. (Sri Lanka) and T. hubbardi sp. nov. (Sri Lanka). The type material of T. dentata is redescribed. Species from Southeast Asia are assigned to two new genera. Dudgeodes gen. nov. includes the type species D. pescadori sp. nov. (Philippines) and D. lugens (Navás, 1933) comb. nov. (China), D. hutanis sp. nov. (Borneo), D. stephani sp. nov. (Borneo), D. ulmeri sp. nov. (Java, Sumatra), and D. celebensis sp. nov. (Sulawesi). The genus Derlethina gen. nov. is established for D. eloisae sp. nov. (Borneo). The egg morphology is presented for the first time for the family Teloganodidae. Affinities within the family and between related families are discussed and a key to distinguish all species known at the larval stage is proposed.

Diversification and biogeography of Dawkinsia (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) in the Western Ghats-Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiranya Sudasinghe ◽  
Rajeev Raghavan ◽  
Neelesh Dahanukar ◽  
Rohan Pethiyagoda ◽  
Lukas Rüber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
The Western Ghats

A new Helluodes Westwood species from Western Ghats with notes on habitat, distribution and phylogenetic relationships of genera Helluodes Westwood and Physocrotaphus Parry of the tribe Physocrotaphini Chaudoir (Insecta: Coleoptera: Carabidae: Anthiinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1745 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS K. SABU ◽  
PRABHAKAR ABHITHA ◽  
DANYANG ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Indian Plate ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Southwest India ◽  
Southwest Region ◽  
The Western Ghats

Description of Helluodes devagiriensis, n.sp. from western slopes of the Western Ghats, a global biodiversity hot spot in southwest India, is provided along with redescriptions of all species of Helluodes Westwood and Physocrotaphus Parry (H. taprobanae Westwood, H. westwoodi Chaudoir, Physocrotaphus ceylonicus Parry), keys to the genera of tribe Physocrotaphini and the species of genus Helluodes, notes on a curious sexually dimorphic character of species in the tribe and on termitophilous and geophilous habits of genus Helluodes, a discussion of the geographic distribution and phylogenetic relationships of the genera, and supportive evidence for the divergence of Physocrotaphini Chaudoir from Zuphiini Bonelli. Based on distributional patterns and phylogenetic relationships, (1) origin of the tribe in the southwest region of the Greater Indian Plate is hypothesized with Helluodes as basal stock; (2) Helluodes is endemic to the Western GhatsSri Lanka global hot spot of biodiversity; (3) Physocrotaphus is endemic to the globally outstanding montane evergreen forest ecoregion of Sri Lanka; (4) Pogonoglossus Chaudoir is a derivative of the Helluodes ancestral stock that dispersed into southeast Asia and beyond before Deccan trap formation; and (5) Physocrotaphus is a later derivative of the Helluodes stock after the separation of Sri Lanka from the Indian mainland.

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