Biclustering of diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy microarray data using a similarity-based biclustering algorithm

Microvascular complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), (retinopathy and nephropathy) have a similar etiopathogenetic mechanism besides genetic predisposition. Even though these two complications frequently co-exist, their frequency varies. The association of these two signicant complications and their coexistence needs a relook. To study prevalence of retinopathy and nephropathy in Type 2 diabetes mel Aim: litus. Comparison of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy in Type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy with duration of illness and various risk factors that affects development, progression and severity of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy. 100 diabetic patients were taken up for study for a period of one year meeti Methodology: ng the criteria for the present study. Detailed history was taken from patient and meticulous examination was done of all patients with special emphasis on renal and ophthalmic symptoms. Clinical data and investigation prole was tabulated. Statistical analysis was done. Among 100 patients, 22 had diabetic retinopathy. Among patients with diab Results & Conclusion: etic retinopathy, 68.18% patients had positive family history. Among 100 patients, 32 had diabetic nephropathy, mean FBS was 207 mg%, PPBS was 317.8 mg% and mean HbA was 9.2%. Among patients with diabetic retinopathy, mean FBS was 211 mg%, PPBS was 324.9 1c mg%, HbA was 9.5%. From this study it is found that diabetic nephropathy starts earlier than retinopathy. In this study 1c hypertension was found to accelerate progression into nephropathy and retinopathy.

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Treatment of diabetic retinopathy in the patient with diabetic nephropathy

Management of Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

10.3109/9780203502976-21 ◽

2003 ◽

pp. 217-222

Author(s):

Ruth Axer-Siegel ◽

Gad Dotan

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Diabetic Nephropathy

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Effects of TNF-α-308G/A Polymorphism on the Risk of Diabetic Nephropathy and Diabetic Retinopathy: An Updated Meta-Analysis

Hormone and Metabolic Research ◽

10.1055/a-1161-0088 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 52 (10) ◽

pp. 724-731

Author(s):

Mengwei Liu ◽

Mengke Shang ◽

Yue Wang ◽

Qian Li ◽

Xiuping Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Asian Population ◽

Recessive Model ◽

China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽

Knowledge Infrastructure ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Major Factors

AbstractDiabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are the major factors of morbidity and mortality in the patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Growing studies have investigated the relationship between the TNF-α-308G/A polymorphism and the susceptibility to DN and DR, without achieving consensus. Thus, we conducted this meta-analysis to reach more comprehensive conclusions for these issues. Eligible studies were retrieved through electronic databases such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Summary of odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were generated to evaluate the intensity of the associations. Statistical analyses were performed by STATA 11.0 and RevMan 5.2. There are fourteen eligible publications involving nineteen studies in this meta-analysis. TNF-α-308G/A polymorphism was significantly related to increasing risk of DN under recessive model (OR=1.37, 95% CI=1.03–1.83) and homozygous model (OR=1.54, 95% CI=1.15–2.06). Moreover, the similar results were also obtained in Asian groups for DN (recessive: OR=1.69, 95% CI=1.18–2.42; homozygous: OR=1.99, 95% CI=1.38–2.86; respectively), and significant association was also detected between TNF-α-308G/A and DN susceptibility in type 2 DM in recessive model (OR=1.39, 95% CI=1.02–1.89). No significant association was observed between TNF-α-308G/A and DR susceptibility in total analyses and subgroup analyses by ethnicity and type of DM. TNF-α-308G/A polymorphism may enhance the susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy, especially in Asian population and in T2DM patients, but not diabetic retinopathy.

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Early Diabetic Nephropathy and Retinopathy in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Attending Sudan Childhood Diabetes Centre

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2020/7181383 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Hana Ahmed ◽

Tayseer Elshaikh ◽

Mohamed Abdullah

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Ethnic Group ◽

Childhood Diabetes

Objective. Data on microvascular complications in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in Sudan are scarce. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and retinopathy (DR) and their relationship to certain risk factors in children with T1DM attending the Sudan Childhood Diabetes Centre. Design and Methods. A clinic-based cross-sectional study of 100 patients with T1DM aged 10-18 years. Patients with disease duration exceeding 5 years if the onset of diabetes was prepubertal and 2 years if it was postpubertal were included. Relevant sociodemographic, clinical, and biochemical information was obtained. Blood pressure was measured. The patients were screened for DN and DR using urinary microalbumin estimation and fundus photography, respectively. Results. The frequency of microalbuminuria and diabetic retinopathy was 36% and 33%, respectively. Eleven percent had both retinopathy and microalbuminuria. Seven percent of the patients were found to be hypertensive. Patients with diabetic retinopathy had significantly higher HbA1c levels ( p = 0.009 ) and longer diabetes duration ( p = 0.02 ) than patients without retinopathy. Logistic regression showed that high HbA1c (odds ratio (OR) 0.83, confidence interval (CI) 0.68-1.00, p = 0.04 ), but not age, duration, ethnic group, BMI, blood pressure, and presence of nephropathy, was an independent risk factor for retinopathy. Likewise, high blood pressure (OR 6.89, CI 1.17-40.52, p = 0.03 ), but not age, duration, ethnic group, BMI, HbA1c, and presence of retinopathy, was a predictor for nephropathy. Conclusion. High prevalence of incipient DN and early stages of DR were observed in this study. Longer diabetes duration and higher HbA1c were associated with the presence of diabetic retinopathy. High blood pressure was a risk factor for DN. So regular screening for these complications and optimization of glycemic control are needed.

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Use of Chlorogenic Acid against Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications

Journal of Immunology Research ◽

10.1155/2020/9680508 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Yongwang Yan ◽

Xu Zhou ◽

Kangxiao Guo ◽

Feng Zhou ◽

Hongqi Yang

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Peripheral Neuropathy ◽

Chinese Medicine ◽

Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽

Chlorogenic Acid ◽

Pharmacological Properties ◽

Prevention And Treatment ◽

Main Component

Chlorogenic acid (CA) is a phenolic compound commonly found in human plant-based diets. CA is the main component of many traditional Chinese medicine preparations, and in recent years, it has been found to have hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and other pharmacological properties. Specifically, CA relieves the effects of, and prevents, diabetes mellitus (DM). In addition, CA is also beneficial against complications arising from DM, such as diabetic nephropathy (DN), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Herein, we review the use of CA in the prevention and treatment of DM and its complications, providing a background for further research and medical uses.

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Plasma phenylalanine and tyrosine and their interactions with diabetic nephropathy for risk of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes

BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care ◽

10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000877 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. e000877

Author(s):

Hui-Huan Luo ◽

Juan Li ◽

Xiao-Fei Feng ◽

Xiao-Yu Sun ◽

Jing Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Renal Dysfunction ◽

Factor Model ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Additive Interaction ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Plasma Phenylalanine

ObjectiveTight control of hyperglycemia reduces risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR), but the residual risk remains high. This study aimed to explore relationships between plasma phenylalanine and tyrosine with DR in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and interactions between the two amino acids, and their secondary interaction with renal dysfunction.Research design and methodsWe extracted data of 1032 patients with T2D from tertiary hospital consecutively from May 2015 to August 2016. Binary logistic regression models with restricted cubic spline were used to check potential non-linear associations and to obtain ORs and 95% CIs of variables under study. Addictive interaction was estimated using relative excess risk due to interaction, attributable proportion due to interaction and synergy index. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to check increased predictive values.ResultsOf 1032 patients, 162 suffered from DR. Copresence of low phenylalanine and low tyrosine increased DR risk (OR 6.01, 95% CI 1.35 to 26.8), while either of them alone did not have a significant effect with significant additive interaction. Presence of diabetic nephropathy further increased the OR of copresence of low phenylalanine and low tyrosine for DR to 25.9 (95% CI 8.71 to 76.9) with a significant additive interaction. Inclusion of phenylalanine and tyrosine in a traditional risk factor model significantly increased area under the curve from 0.81 to 0.83 (95% CI 0.80 to 0.86).ConclusionPlasma low phenylalanine and low tyrosine worked independently and synergistically to increase the risk of DR in T2D. Presence of renal dysfunction further amplified the effect of copresence of low phenylalanine and low tyrosine on DR risk.

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