scholarly journals Insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction in people with prediabetes according to criteria based on glycemia and glycosylated hemoglobin

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Tura ◽  
Christian Göbl ◽  
Ermanno Moro ◽  
Giovanni Pacini
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Beta Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Cell Dysfunction

Comparison of Sleeve Gastrectomy and Conservatory Treatment Effect on Biochemical and Hormonal Profile of Obese Type 2 Diabetes Subjects: CREDOR Randomized Controlled Study Results

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1622-1627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Simona Stefan ◽  
Andrada Mihai ◽  
Daiana Bajko ◽  
Daniela Lixandru ◽  
Laura Petcu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Metabolic surgery is the most efficacious method for the treatment of morbid obesity and was recently included among the antidiabetes treatments recommended in obese type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. The aim of this study was to compare in a randomized controlled trial the effect of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) to that of intensive lifestyle intervention plus pharmacologic treatment on some markers of insulin resistance and beta cell function as well as some appetite controlling hormones in a group of male obese T2D subjects. The study groups comprised 20 subjects for SG and 21 control subjects. Fasting blood glucose, insulin, proinsulin, adiponectin, leptin, ghrelin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-%B, proinsulin-to-insulin ratio and proinsulin-to-adiponectin ratio were evaluated at baseline and after one year follow-up. Overall, patients in the SG group lost 78.98% of excess weight loss (%EWL) in comparison with 9.45% in the control group. This was accompanied by a significant improvement of insulin resistance markers, including increase of adiponectin and decrease of HOMA-IR, while no changes were recorded in the control group. Weight loss was also associated with a significant improvement of proinsulin-to-insulin and proinsulin-to-adiponectin ratio, both surrogate markers of beta cell dysfunction. These also improved in the control group, but were only marginally significant. Our findings suggest that improved insulin resistance and decreased beta cell dysfunction after sleeve gastrectomy might explain diabetes remission associated with metabolic surgery.

scholarly journals A model to explore the interaction between muscle insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction in the development of type 2 diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 2126-2134 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Mauvais-Jarvis ◽  
A. Virkamaki ◽  
M. D. Michael ◽  
J. N. Winnay ◽  
A. Zisman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Muscle Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cell Dysfunction

scholarly journals Prolactin Is Associated With Insulin Resistance and Beta-Cell Dysfunction in Infertile Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Yang ◽  
Jie Lin ◽  
He Li ◽  
Zhangwei Liu ◽  
Xia Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Beta Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Cell Dysfunction

BackgroundOur study aimed to investigate if serum prolactin (PRL) levels associated with insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction in infertile patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).MethodsThis was a retrospective cross-sectional study performed in the reproductive medicine center of the first affiliated hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. From January 2007 to August 2018, a total of 792 PCOS and 700 non-PCOS infertile women were included. All patients’ prolactin levels were in the normal range. PCOS was diagnosed according to the Rotterdam Criteria. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, serum prolactin levels, sex hormones, fasting lipids, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FINS) and hepatic biological parameters were measured in all subjects.ResultsSerum prolactin levels in PCOS women were significantly decreased compared with levels in non-PCOS women after adjusting for age and BMI (P < 0.05). Moreover, we found that prolactin levels were positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and negatively associated with age, BMI, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), luteinizing hormone/follicle stimulating hormone (LH/FSH), estradiol (E2), FINS, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), homeostasis model assessment of β (HOMA-β), triglyceride (TG) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (P < 0.05). After adjusting for age and BMI, multiple linear regression analysis revealed that LH, LH/FSH, E2, FINS, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-β were negatively associated with serum PRL (P < 0.05).ConclusionsLow serum PRL levels within the normal range associates with a higher incidence of insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction in infertile women with PCOS.

scholarly journals Beta-Cell Mass in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes, and Its Relation to Pancreas Fat: A Mini-Review

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3846
Author(s):  
Jun Inaishi ◽  
Yoshifumi Saisho
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Beta Cell Mass ◽  
Beta Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Pancreatic Fat

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction. Although insulin resistance is assumed to be a main pathophysiological feature of the development of T2DM, recent studies have revealed that a deficit of functional beta-cell mass is an essential factor for the pathophysiology of T2DM. Pancreatic fat contents increase with obesity and are suggested to cause beta-cell dysfunction. Since the beta-cell dysfunction induced by obesity or progressive decline with disease duration results in a worsening glycemic control, and treatment failure, preserving beta-cell mass is an important treatment strategy for T2DM. In this mini-review, we summarize the current knowledge on beta-cell mass, beta-cell function, and pancreas fat in obesity and T2DM, and we discuss treatment strategies for T2DM in relation to beta-cell preservation.

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