Chapter 1. Capital Markets and Economic Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Capital Markets

Time Compression

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-45
Author(s):  
D. Hugh Whittaker ◽  
Timothy J. Sturgeon ◽  
Toshie Okita ◽  
Tianbiao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Capital Intensity ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Global Value Chain ◽  
Late Development ◽  
Sectoral Shifts ◽  
Demographic Transitions ◽  
Time Compression

Chapter 1 develops the concept of time compression in economic development and highlights how recent developers are experiencing simultaneity in processes which previously unfolded sequentially over extended periods of time, including industrialization and deindustrialization. Time compression has always been a feature of late development, but the extreme forms seen in recent and current developers alter development experiences and processes in important ways. Industrialization has become ‘thin’, reflecting specialization, global value chain engagement, leaps in capital intensity, and the simultaneous casualization and formalization of labour markets. ‘Out-of-sequence’ sectoral shifts, such as an early retail revolution and financialization, and sectoral blurring also contribute to time compression. Demographic transitions have accelerated, with ‘premature ageing’, especially in East Asia.

Okinawa, 1945–1952: Allegories of Becoming

Alegal ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 38-64
Author(s):  
Annmaria M. Shimabuku
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Sexual Politics ◽  
Sex Industry ◽  
Comfort Women ◽  
Symbolic Structure ◽  
The U.S

Chapter 2 gives a brief biopolitical prehistory to Okinawa. From the perspective of economic development, it was not treated like a national or colonial territory by the Japanese state, but ambiguously suspended in between both. This foregrounded the sexual politics surrounding the U.S. military in Okinawa because unlike mainland Japan, there was no development of a middle class equipped to reject the formation of a sex industry in base towns on the basis of an established ethno-nationalism. Hence, in contrast to the symbolic structure of Japanism presented in Chapter 1, this chapter positions Okinawa’s alegality in terms of Benjamin’s notion of allegory, or that which constantly fails communion with a totality. It argues that debates surrounding the establishment of a sex industry were driven by the sheer fear of exclusion from the biopolitical order, not by an identification with it, and were subsequently absent of discourses lamenting the racial contamination of the population. It traces the omnipresence of this fear through the Okinawan reception of so-called “comfort women” during the war, the experience of sexual violence and exploitation in the immediate postwar, and the formation of the sex industry after the “reverse course” of occupation in 1949.

The Politics of Exchange Rates: Implications and Extensions

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffry A. Frieden
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In

The previous chapters provide an empirical evaluation of the theoretical propositions put forth in Chapter 1 about the expected policy preferences of economic groups in society. These investigations, however, also suggest a series of related observations—some of which harken back to points made in Chapter 1—that are worth making explicit. These include the relationship between currency politics and the level of economic integration, trade policy, international cooperation, and economic development. This chapter discusses some of the broad patterns of interest as a partial antidote to the narrower empirical implementations that have preceded it. It considers some general trends in the politics of exchange rates over the past 150 years and across a wide range of countries. It cannot but do this discursively and somewhat superficially. Nonetheless, the breadth of the comparisons may compensate for their lack of depth.

Economic Development, Political Development, and Inequality

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-82
Author(s):  
William D. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Steady Growth ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Barriers To Achievement ◽  
Political Decision Making

This chapter augments Chapter 1’s foundations with detail on political and economic development, inequality, their interactions, and associated CAPs. Development entails sustained, widespread improvement of economic and political capabilities. Economic development includes steady growth in per capita income, education, health care, and infrastructure, with attention to deprivation, poverty, broader inequities, and associated avenues and barriers to achievement. It also involves creating functional economic institutions. Political development entails steady augmentation of a state’s ability to provide public goods and services; protect economic, political, and civil rights; and create and enforce impartial rules (a rule of law). It also involves broad access to political decision making, limiting authority, mobilizing public participation, and enhancing the legitimacy of underlying procedures. Inequality has multiple dimensions (income, wealth, access); achieving equity along one dimension often compromises that for another. Multiple types of inequality are both outcomes of and conditions that shape development. Multiple CAPs ensue.

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