scholarly journals The Relation of Census Income Distribution Statistics to Other Income Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branko Milanovic

Using the newly created, and in terms of coverage and detail, the most complete household income data from more than 130 countries, the paper analyzes the changes in the global income distribution between 2008 and 2013. This was the period of the global financial crisis and recovery. It is shown that global inequality continued to decline, largely due to China’s growth that explains one-half of global Gini decrease between 2008 and 2013. Income growth of the global top 1 percent slowed significantly. The slowdown is present even after survey data are corrected for the likely underestimation of highest incomes. The paper ends with a discussion of the effects of the financial crisis in the light of an even more serious looming crisis caused by the 2019-20 pandemic. (Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality Working Paper)


1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Αλεξάνδρα Λειβαδά

THIS THESIS EXAMINES MACROECONOMIC AND MICROECONOMIC ASPECTS OF INCOME INEQUALITY IN GREECE DURING THE PERIOD 1959-1982. THE MACROECONOMIC ASPECTS ARE CONCERNED WITH THE TREND AND CYCLES OF INCOME DISTRIBUTION. THE MICROECONOMIC ASPECTS ARE RELATED TO THE DISTRIBUTIONAL IMPACT OF HOUSEHOLD'S INFLATION RATES. A BROAD SET OF SUMMARY AND DISAGGREGATED INEQUALITY MEASURES IS COMPUTED FOR THE FORMER PURPOSE USING REPORTED INCOME DATA FROM TAX DECLARATIONS. THERE IS A DISCREPANCY IN THE SUGGESTED INEQUALITY TREND DUE TO INTERSECTING LORENZ CURVES AND THE PROPERTIES SATISFIED BY EACH INEQUALITY INDEX. ALSO, THE 1981-82 HOUSEHOLD EXENDITURE SURVEY DATA ARE USED TO CALCULATE THE DISTRIBUTION RATES ACROSS HOUSEHOLDS.


2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Vedder

The scholarly literature suggests high or increased tax burdens tend to reduce economic growth, lowering incomes. Some argue, however, that low taxes and high economic growth can have adverse income distribution consequences or can lead to utility-reducing under-consumption of needed public goods. Evidence is presented questioning those assertions. People seek happiness by moving, and tend to migrate to low tax areas. Moreover, there is little evidence that governmental expansion leads to truly greater equality. Appropriately measured, income equality is actually far greater than typically claimed. Moreover, income data suggest that the international equalization of incomes and global reduction of poverty largely reflect private sector activity, namely market forces working where the rule of law and strong protection of property rights prevails.


2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiandong Chen ◽  
Fuqian Fang ◽  
Wenxuan Hou ◽  
Fengying Li ◽  
Ming Pu ◽  
...  

Data insufficiency has become the primary factor affecting research on income disparity in China. To resolve this issue, this paper explores Chinese income distribution and income inequality using distribution functions. First, it examines 20 sets of grouped data on family income between 2005 and 2012 by theChina Yearbook of Household Surveys, 2013,and compares the fitting effects of eight distribution functions. The results show that the generalized beta distribution of the second kind has a high fitting to the income distribution of urban and rural residents in China. Next, these results are used to calculate the Chinese Gini ratio, which is then compared with the findings of relevant studies. Finally, this paper discusses the influence of urbanization on income inequality in China and suggests that accelerating urbanization can play an important role in narrowing the income gap of Chinese residents.


2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 2047-2058
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hilmi Abdul Majid ◽  
Kamarulzaman Ibrahim

Composite Pareto distributions are flexible as the models allow for data to be described by two distributions: a Pareto distribution for the data above a threshold value and another separate distribution for data below the threshold value. It is noted in some previous literatures that the Paretian tail behaviour can be observed in the distribution of Malaysian household income. In this paper, the composite Pareto models are fitted to the Malaysian household income data of several years. These fitted composite Pareto models are then compared to several univariate models for describing income distribution using pseudo-likelihood based AIC, BIC and Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness-of-fit test. It is found that the income distributions in Malaysia can be best described by the lognormal-Pareto (II) model as compared to other candidate models.


2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 689-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Anthony Prendergast ◽  
Robert G Staudte

The quantile ratio index is a simple and effective measure of relative inequality for income data that is resistant to outliers. A useful property of this index is investigated here: given a partition of the income distribution into a union of sets of symmetric quantiles, one can find the inequality for each set and readily combine them in a weighted average to obtain the index for the entire population. When applied to data for various years, one can track how these contributions to inequality vary over time, as illustrated here for Australian Bureau of Statistics income and wealth data.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-195

Fairness in income distribution is a factor that both motivates employees and contributes to maintaining social stability. In Vietnam, fair income distribution has been studied from various perspectives. In this article, through the analysis and synthesis of related documents and evidence, and from the perspective of economic philosophy, the author applies John Rawls’s Theory of Justice as Fairness to analyze some issues arising from the implementation of the state’s role in ensuring fair income distribution from 1986 to present. These are unifying the perception of fairness in income distribution; solving the relationship between economic efficiency and social equality; ensuring benefits for the least-privileged people in society; and controlling income. On that basis, the author makes some recommendations to enhance the state’s role in ensuring fair income distribution in Vietnam. Received 11thNovember 2019; Revised 10thApril 2020; Accepted 20th April 2020


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Feigenbaum ◽  
Price Fishback ◽  
Keoka Grayson

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