7. Figurative language development: Implications for assessment and clinical practice

2018 ◽  
pp. 137-154 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Shari K. Ludlam

<p>Client-centred music therapy with individual pre-school children, involving playful but focused songs, behaviours and instrumental play, can enhance their speech and expressive language development. Four constructs were inductively created using the principles of grounded theory to represent how music therapy was used to support speech and expressive language development for pre-school children with special needs. Secondary analysis was undertaken of qualitative data drawn from usual clinical practice including clinical notes, reflective journal, audiovisual recordings, and notes from communications regarding two children from a student music therapist's caseload at a specialist centre in New Zealand. A case vignette is presented to illustrate these four meaningful constructs of individual music therapy and concepts that constitute each are presented, along with sample quotations from the data, and are theoretically integrated within wider music therapy literature. A tree model was used to capture these findings, which further suggested 'playfulness' may be a central aspect of the work. Implications for my developing and future clinical practice of music therapy are discussed, along with directions indicated for future research.</p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-314
Author(s):  
Varga Zsuzsanna ◽  
Szabó Miklós ◽  
Csépe Valéria

A kognitív fejlődéspszichológiai és pszicholingvisztikai kutatások egyöntetű következtetése, hogy a koraszü- löttség nagy fokban növeli az atipikus nyelvi fejlődés rizikóját, mivel a koraszülötteket gyakran már csecsemőkoruktól kezdve sajátos nyelvi fejlődés jellemzi. A témában 1999 és 2018 között publikált kutatási eredmények alapján levonható az az egyértelmű következtetés, hogy a koraszülöttek atipikus nyelvi fejlődése a nyelvi feldolgozási szintek (fonológiai, morfoszintaktikai, szemantikai, szintaktikai) mindegyikét érintheti. Az óvodáskori nyelvi zavarok – számos tanulmány szerint – már a csecsemőkorban előrejelezhetők a viselkedésesnél érzékenyebb módszerekkel (pl. eseményhez kötött agyi potenciál).Az atipikus nyelvi fejlődés hátterében viselkedéses és idegtudományi módszerekkel számos potenciális okot azonosítottak. Ilyen például az intrauterin (harmadik trimeszter) nyelvi tapasztalat hiánya, az éretlenség az agyi struktúrák sajátos vagy megzavart fejlődése.Tény viszont, hogy a koraszülöttek nyelvi fejlődésének pontos megismerését számos olyan módszertani nehézség hátráltatja, mint a vizsgált populáció heterogenitása, a nyelvi mérőeljárások alacsony megbízhatósága, a korrigált és/vagy kronológiai kor alkalmazása. Mindez a mai napig nyitott kérdéseket vet fel mind a klinikai gyakorlat, mind a kutatások szempontjából.A koraszülött-ellátás fejlődésének köszönhetően nő azoknak a kutatásoknak a jelentősége, amelyek a koraszülöttek nyelvi zavarainak a ma ismertnél mélyebb és megbízhatóbb feltárására irányulnak. A releváns tanulmányokban közölt eredmények várható hatása a klinikai gyakorlatra új lehetőséget ígér a nyelvi zavarok minél korábbi azonosításában, valamint a korai, prevenciós célú, a korai nyelvi fejlődést facilitáló programok kialakításában.The unanimous conclusion of developmental-psychological and the psycholinguistical research is that pre- term birth enhances the risk of atypical language development, as preterm infants often undergo a special language development from infancy on.With reference to the results of scientific investigations published between 1999 and 2018, unambiguous inference can be made: the atypical language development of preterm infants can be manifested at all levels of language processing (phonology, morphosyntax, semantics, syntax). According to the vast majority of studies the developmental language disorders prior to the school start are predictable already in infancy. These can be predicted for example by the event related brain potentials which proved to be more sensitive method compared to the behavioral ones.A significant number of potential factors contributing to atypical language development were identified by the application of various behavioral and brain imaging methods. For example the absence of intrauterine (third trimester) language experience, the biological immaturity, as well as the specific or disturbed development of brain structures.However, the exact disclosing of the preterm infants' language development is set back by several methodological problems such as the population heterogeneity, the applied linguistic measures of low reliability and the ambiguity in general use of adjusted and/or chronological age. These unsolved issues still produce highly-debated questions both from the point of the clinical practice and research.Due to the continuous development of preterm infants' medical care the importance of those studies are increasing which put larger emphasis on more qualitative examinations oflanguage disorders compared to what is known nowadays.The expected effects of all the results of relevant studies could produce a remarkable influence on clinical practice and provide new opportunity for the earlier identification of developmental language disorders. Furthermore, they could contribute to the development of effective, early facilitation of language development in preventive programs.


2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan G. Kamhi

Purpose This lead article of the Clinical Forum addresses some of the gaps that exist between clinical practice and current knowledge about instructional factors that influence learning and language development. Method Topics reviewed and discussed include principles of learning, generalization, treatment intensity, processing interventions, components of language therapy, grammar goals, and goal prioritization for students with language and learning difficulties. Conclusion The gaps that exist between current knowledge about learning, language development, and clinical practice often do not receive as much attention as the gaps in the evidence base that addresses the efficacy and effectiveness of language intervention practices and service delivery models. Fortunately, clinicians do not have to wait for future intervention studies to apply their knowledge of learning and language development to clinical practices.


2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katya Hill

Abstract Speech-language pathologists working in the schools with students who rely on AAC are expected to measure progress to document gains in language competence. This article provides an overview of some of the basic considerations SLPs make in collecting clinical data to monitor building language competence. Three hypothetical students are used as examples to illustrate data collection through the three transitional stages in language development SLPs frequently encounter on a school caseload: (a) pragmatics to semantics, (b) semantics to syntax, (c) phonology to metaphonology. Examples of performance and outcomes data including language activity monitoring are provided for each transition. SLPs addressing the what, when, how, who, where, and why of data collection find AAC intervention manageable. Strong evidence from clinical practice is needed to optimize the language competence of students who rely on AAC.


2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Abbeduto ◽  
Audra Sterling

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the leading inherited cause of intellectual disability, with a behavioral profile of relative cognitive strengths and weaknesses, as well as a heightened probability of various forms of psychopathology. In this article, the authors review the language strengths and areas of challenge in children with FXS, as well as consider the contributions of the language learning environment to language acquisition. This article concludes with considerations of research findings to clinical practice.


1980 ◽  
Vol 89 (5_suppl) ◽  
pp. 175-178
Author(s):  
Peter K. Hixson

Bloom's model of normal language development is reviewed in relation to clinical practice and is then expanded to account for disordered development. Four primary and four secondary assessment areas are then considered: language, cognition, motor, and affective development and nonverbal symbolic skills, attentional skills, social development, and physical-medical integrity. Finally, a way of integrating this evaluative information into the model of normal development is discussed and a sample curriculum is outlined.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Shari K. Ludlam

<p>Client-centred music therapy with individual pre-school children, involving playful but focused songs, behaviours and instrumental play, can enhance their speech and expressive language development. Four constructs were inductively created using the principles of grounded theory to represent how music therapy was used to support speech and expressive language development for pre-school children with special needs. Secondary analysis was undertaken of qualitative data drawn from usual clinical practice including clinical notes, reflective journal, audiovisual recordings, and notes from communications regarding two children from a student music therapist's caseload at a specialist centre in New Zealand. A case vignette is presented to illustrate these four meaningful constructs of individual music therapy and concepts that constitute each are presented, along with sample quotations from the data, and are theoretically integrated within wider music therapy literature. A tree model was used to capture these findings, which further suggested 'playfulness' may be a central aspect of the work. Implications for my developing and future clinical practice of music therapy are discussed, along with directions indicated for future research.</p>


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