behavioral profile
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2022 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stina Lundberg ◽  
Erika Roman ◽  
Richard L. Bell

Initial contact with alcohol generally occurs during adolescence, and high consumption during this period is associated with increased risk for later alcohol (AUDs) and/or substance use disorders (SUDs). Rodents selectively bred for high or low alcohol consumption are used to identify behavioral characteristics associated with a propensity for high or low voluntary alcohol intake. The multivariate concentric square field™ (MCSF) is a behavioral test developed to study rodents in a semi-naturalistic setting. Testing in the MCSF creates a comprehensive behavioral profile in a single trial. The current aim was to examine the behavioral profiles of adolescent, bidirectionally selectively bred male and female high alcohol-consuming (P and HAD1/2) and low alcohol-consuming (NP and LAD1/2) rat lines, and outbred Wistar rats. Alcohol-naïve rats were tested once in the MCSF at an age between postnatal days 30 and 35. No common behavioral profile was found for either high or low alcohol-consuming rat lines, and the effect of sex was small. The P/NP and HAD2/LAD2 lines showed within pair-dependent differences, while the HAD1/LAD1 lines were highly similar. The P rats displayed high activity and risk-associated behaviors, whereas HAD2 rats displayed low activity, high shelter-seeking behavior, and open area avoidance. The results from P rats parallel clinical findings that denser family history and risk-taking behavior are strong predictors of future AUDs, often with early onset. Contrarily, the HAD2 behavioral profile was similar to individuals experiencing negative emotionality, which also is associated with a vulnerability to develop, often with a later onset, AUDs and/or SUDs.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Alexandra Martín-Rodríguez ◽  
Jose Francisco Tornero-Aguilera ◽  
Pedro Javier López-Pérez ◽  
Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez

Loneliness is a distressing feeling that can be a barrier to a student’s development and affect their mental health. This research aimed to analyse the effects of loneliness on psychological and behavioral factors among students aged 12–19 years in Spain. Loneliness, experiential avoidance, psychological inflexibility, physical activity, mobile phone use, and smoke habits were analysed in a sample of 110 men and 122 women assigned into two groups depending on their loneliness levels: higher loneliness group (HLG) and lower loneliness group (LLG). Results showed that experimental avoidance and psychological inflexibility were related with loneliness (r = 0.471; p = 0.000). Experiential avoidance and psychological inflexibility were higher in HLG than LLG. Regarding the use of mobile phones and smoking habits, LLG presented significantly higher values than HLG. Higher age correlated with lower loneliness values (r = −0.155; p = 0.017). The present research found how students with higher loneliness presented higher experiential avoidance and psychological inflexibility and lower age, use of mobile phone, and smoking habits. These findings reveal the importance of considering multiple social behaviours when examining adolescent mental health factors.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13730
Author(s):  
Edoardo Beretta ◽  
Giulia Miniero ◽  
Francesco Ricotta

Sharing economy brought changes both at the macroeconomic and the individual level. New models of consumption, such as the liquid one, are becoming very frequent, shaping countries’ productive systems and consumers’ habits. This paper—combining both theoretical approaches—aims at measuring the individual characteristics that induce consumers to prefer liquid versus solid consumption. First, the article contextualizes the topic from a broader, macroeconomic perspective, and later on, it narrows its angle of view making it rather microeconomic and behavioral. In this specific regard, by means of a cluster analysis, four profiles of consumers are identified: (1) Rational and liquid; (2) Hybrid and question mark; (3) Solid in transition; (4) Hyper solid. Characteristics as well as theoretical and managerial implications are outlined for each cluster. This research focusing on emerging consumer behavior contributes to the current debate on solid and liquid consumption (i) exploring the continuum between these two extremes, (ii) defining a first behavioral profile of customer that are traveling between solid and liquid state and (iii) designing a possible way to target such a blurred and fast evolving customer that mostly qualifies a global and rapidly evolving economic environment.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Laura Bruna Aparecida Silva ◽  
Brunno Moreira Naves ◽  
Kellen de Souza Oliveira ◽  
Rosângela de Oliveira Alves Carvalho ◽  
Adriana Santana do Carmo ◽  
...  

The Brazilian population with low vision or blindness is approximately six and a half million people. This scenario is intricate because of the existence of only six Guide Dog Training Centers and, consequently, few Guide Dogs performing the role of assistive therapy as a guide for blind people in Brazil. The objective was to comparatively characterize the clinical, zootechnical, and behavioral profile of three litters of dogs born at the Guide Dog Training Center of the Federal Institute of Goiás, Campus of Urutaí, Brazil, from conception to the forty-ninth day of life. The number of live births, stillbirths, average daily weight gain, the incidence of congenital diseases, and acquired diseases were surveyed. The performance of puppies obtained in the Volhard and Behavior Checklist tests was also obtained. Litter B presented higher stillbirths. A higher average daily weight gain was also observed in litter B and, consequently, a higher weight of pups at all evaluation moments. Litter E differed from the others regarding the behavioral parameters, showing better results in terms of hyper-attachment, fear of strangers, and anxiety in unknown places. Therefore, a difference was observed between litters regarding the evaluated zootechnical and behavioral aspects. Furthermore, an evolution was observed over time, with the last litter, whose parents were animals from the kennel, presenting the best behavioral profile.


2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (47) ◽  
pp. e2110755118
Author(s):  
Elisa Colombo ◽  
Guilherme Horta ◽  
Mona K. Roesler ◽  
Natascha Ihbe ◽  
Stuti Chhabra ◽  
...  

Nondegradative ubiquitin chains attached to specific targets via Lysine 63 (K63) residues have emerged to play a fundamental role in synaptic function. The K63-specific deubiquitinase CYLD has been widely studied in immune cells and lately also in neurons. To better understand if CYLD plays a role in brain and synapse homeostasis, we analyzed the behavioral profile of CYLD-deficient mice. We found that the loss of CYLD results in major autism-like phenotypes including impaired social communication, increased repetitive behavior, and cognitive dysfunction. Furthermore, the absence of CYLD leads to a reduction in hippocampal network excitability, long-term potentiation, and pyramidal neuron spine numbers. By providing evidence that CYLD can modulate mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling and autophagy at the synapse, we propose that synaptic K63-linked ubiquitination processes could be fundamental in understanding the pathomechanisms underlying autism spectrum disorder.


2021 ◽  
pp. 053901842110464
Author(s):  
Warren D. TenHouten

While emotion researchers with an evolutionary and biological orientation increasingly agree that small sets of discrete emotions are basic or primary, other researchers – particularly social constructionists – instead argue that all emotions are expressions of language and culture largely unconstrained by biology. Emotions are indeed socially and psychologically constructed, but not from scratch, for the basic emotions have evolved as biologically-structured adaptive reactions to the most fundamental problems of life, and have a deep evolutionary history. These life-problems were first identified in herpetology, and elaborated in Plutchik’s universal ethogram, a behavioral profile of four problems of life – identity, temporality, hierarchy, and territoriality – shared by a wide range of animal species. Plutchik proposed that the opposite poles of each of these dimensions can represent prototypical life-situations requiring rapid adaptive reactions; these reactions comprise the eight primary emotions. By hypothesizing that these dimensions have evolved into elementary social-relations models, we establish a continuity between the sociorelational and biological levels of emotional experience. Identification of eight basic emotions enables a classification of 24 secondary and 56 tertiary level emotions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Luis Hernan Contreras Pinochet ◽  
Jéssica Priscilla dos Santos Badaró ◽  
Evandro Luiz Lopes ◽  
Eliane Herrero ◽  
Durval Lucas dos Santos Júnior

The purpose of this article is to analyze the technology-task adjustment model applied to WhatsApp as a preferred communication method by young Mobile Instant Messengers (MIM) users. Thus, we conducted a survey (n=567) and a multivariate data analysis through Structural Equation Modeling. Only one hypothesis of the model was rejected showing that hedonic needs do not influence needs perceived by users. Users do not realize pleasure as a need when it comes to MIMs with communication-oriented features and is not exclusively for fun. We also found that the behavioral profile of young users to perceive the importance of motivational needs, technological characteristics, perceived needs, satisfaction, and privacy, to generate the intention to continue using the mobile communication tool. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 764 ◽  
pp. 136234
Author(s):  
Manami Deshimaru ◽  
Takayasu Mishima ◽  
Takuya Watanabe ◽  
Kaori Kubota ◽  
Mana Hosoi ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Lai Hon Kuan ◽  
Nor Mariah Adam ◽  
Yiu Pang Hung ◽  
Mohd Ibrani Shahrimin Adam Assim ◽  
Omar Faruqi Marzuki ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Lucimara Batista Cabral ◽  
Josely Cristiane Rosa

A presente pesquisa tem o objetivo de elaborar um programa de desenvolvimento humano (T&D) para a empresa Linie Esquadrias e Vidros, a partir da Metodologia DISC. Para tanto, buscou-se conhecer a cultura organizacional da empresa (visão, missão e valores), o perfil socioeducacional dos gestores e colaboradores, o nível de satisfação quanto às atividades de T&D desenvolvidas pela empresa e o perfil comportamental dos gestores e dos colaboradores, considerando a Metodologia DISC. Compreende-se que a metodologia DISC é considerada um método de pesquisa psicológica, que se utiliza das ciências exatas como a matemática e a estatística para definir de forma menos imprecisa o comportamento humano. Esta área da psicologia é conhecida como psicometria, ou seja, é um registro e medida exata dos fenômenos psíquicos de um determinado indivíduo (MATOS, 2008).  Do ponto de vista metodológico esta pesquisa se classifica dentro de uma abordagem qualitativa, tipificada em pesquisa exploratória e descritiva. Em relação ao método, a pesquisa constituiu-se em bibliográfica e estudo de caso, sendo o questionário o instrumento de coleta de dados aplicado. Quanto ao diagnóstico do perfil comportamental dos gestores e dos colaboradores da empresa, considerando a Metodologia DISC, os dados revelaram que um gestor apresentou o estilo comportamental Comandante e o outro o perfil Comandante/Estrategista (total de dois gestores). Quanto aos colaboradores observou-se que um colaborador apresentou o perfil Comandante, dois o perfil Diplomata, um Estrategista e um Comandante/Apresentador/Diplomata (total de cinco colaboradores). A partir desta análise foi proposto um programa de desenvolvimento humano (T&D) para a empresa, conforme o Plano de Ação 5W2H. As atividades recomendadas envolveram ações de Coaching Executivo, Alinhamento Estratégico e Coaching em Grupo. Palavras-Chave: Gestão de Pessoas. Treinamento e Desenvolvimento. Metodologia DISC. Abstract: This research aims to develop a human development (T&D) program for the company Linie Esquadrias e Vidros, based on the DISC Methodology. Therefore, we sought to know the company's organizational culture (vision, mission and values), the socio-educational profile of managers and employees, the level of satisfaction with the T&D activities developed by the company and the behavioral profile of managers and employees, considering the DISC Methodology. It is understood that the DISC methodology is considered a method of psychological research, which uses exact sciences such as mathematics and statistics to define human behavior less imprecisely. This area of ​​psychology is known as psychometry, that is, it is an accurate record and measurement of the psychic phenomena of a given individual (MATOS, 2008). From a methodological point of view, this research is classified within a qualitative approach, typified in exploratory and descriptive research. Regarding the method, the research consisted of bibliographical and case study, with the questionnaire being the data collection instrument applied. As for the diagnosis of the behavioral profile of the company's managers and employees, considering the DISC Methodology, the data revealed that one manager had the Commander behavioral style and the other the Commander/Strategist profile (total of two managers). As for the collaborators, it was observed that one collaborator presented the Commander profile, two the Diplomat profile, one Strategist and one Commander/ Presenter/Diplomat (total of five collaborators). From this analysis, a human development (T&D) program was proposed for the company, according to the 5W2H Action Plan. The recommended activities involved Executive Coaching, Strategic Alignment and Group Coaching actions. Keywords: People management. Training and development. DISC Methodology.


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