5 Study II: Lexical decision with reaction times

2020 ◽  
pp. 121-155
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Reaction Times

Hemispheric Specialization for Processing Chinese Characters: Some Evidence from Lexical Decision Vocal Reaction Times

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1083-1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Rastatter ◽  
Gail Scukanec ◽  
Jeff Grilliot
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Hemispheric Specialization ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
Chinese Characters ◽  
Error Type ◽  
Chinese Subjects

Lexical decision vocal reaction times (RT) were obtained for a group of Chinese subjects to unilateral tachistoscopically presented pictorial, single, and combination Chinese characters. The RT showed a significant right visual-field advantage, with significant correlations of performance between the visual fields for each type of character. Error analysis gave a significant interaction between visual fields and error type—significantly more false positive errors occurred following left visual-field inputs. These results suggest that the left hemisphere was responsible for processing each type of character, possibly reflecting superior postaccess lexical-decision processes.

Models of Reaction Times in Auditory Lexical Decision: RTonset versus RToffset

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Brand ◽  
Kimberley Mulder ◽  
Louis ten Bosch ◽  
Lou Boves
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Auditory Lexical Decision

Use of Magnitude-Estimation Scaling for Predicting Hemispheric Processing of Lexical Decisions

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1147-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee W. Ellis ◽  
Joan N. Kaderavek ◽  
Michael P. Rastatter
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Hemispheric Processing ◽  
Lexical Decisions ◽  
Significant Magnitude ◽  
Abstract Words

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness and validity of magnitude-estimation scaling as an alternative to a traditional, somewhat more cumbersome reaction-time procedure in the assessment of hemispheric processing asymmetry. Lexical decision vocal reaction times and magnitude-estimation scaling values were obtained for 16 normal subjects to tachistoscopically presented concrete and abstract words. Analysis of variance showed identical interactions of field x stimuli for each dependent variable while all pair-wise correlations between these measures were significant. Magnitude-estimation scaling may be a sensitive measure of visual psychophysical differences in hemispheric processing and may circumvent problems with variance of latencies associated with disordered populations.

Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Lexical Decision-Making

1999 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina R. Hale ◽  
Mark V. Gentry ◽  
Charles J. Meliska
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Smoking Abstinence ◽  
Response Accuracy ◽  
Lexical Decisions ◽  
Nicotine Delivery

10 habitual smokers, aged 19–25 yr., were randomly assigned to smoke either a very low nicotine “Placebo” cigarette (.05-mg nicotine delivery as estimated by the FTC method) or a Nicotine cigarette (.7-mg estimated nicotine delivery). Each participant was asked to abstain from smoking for 4 to 7 hr. prior to testing. After completing a presmoking test of lexical decision-making, participants smoked either a Nicotine or Placebo cigarette and were then retested for reaction times and accuracy on the lexical decision test. When presented the most difficult lexical decisions, participants responded significantly faster after smoking a Nicotine cigarette than they did before smoking; smoking a Placebo cigarette did not affect reaction times. Response accuracy was unaffected by smoking either kind of cigarette. These results suggest that smoking a nicotine cigarette may improve attention or memory retrieval after several hours of smoking abstinence.

Well‐being and the accessibility of pleasant and unpleasant concepts

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Borkenau ◽  
Nadine Mauer
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Lexical Decision Task ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Related Concept ◽  
Trait Affect ◽  
Negative Trait ◽  
Decision Times

The trait–congruency hypothesis predicts that persons high in positive or negative trait affect more readily process pleasant or unpleasant stimuli, respectively. In two studies, participants were administered measures of personality and affect. Moreover, a yes/no lexical decision task with pleasant, unpleasant and neutral words was administered in Study 1, whereas a go/no‐go task was used in Study 2. Several methods to increase reliabilities of differences in reaction times are explored. Correlations of measures of personality and trait affect with decision times were mostly consistent with the trait–congruency hypothesis, particularly for decision times in the go/no‐go task that measured individual differences in valence‐specific decision times more reliably. The findings suggest that trait‐related concept accessibility is one source of trait congruity. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Processing of center-embedded and right-branching relative clause sentences by normal elderly individuals

1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shari R. Baum
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Lexical Decision Task ◽  
Relative Clause ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Repetition Task

ABSTRACTTwo experiments were conducted to explore processing of relative clause structures by normal elderly adults. Four groups of subjects (aged 20–29 years, 60–69 years, 70–79 years, and 80–89 years) participated in a lexical decision task and a sentence repetition task. Results of the lexical decision task revealed longer reaction times and somewhat different patterns of performance for the older subjects as compared to the young subjects; on the repetition task, the oldest subjects performed more poorly overall. Findings are suggestive of a reduction in computational capacity in the elderly subjects, which may account for observed decrements in syntactic processing as compared to young adults.

Processing light verb constructions

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Wittenberg ◽  
Maria Mercedes Piñango
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Lexical Decision Task ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Light Verb Constructions ◽  
Light Verb ◽  
Processing Cost ◽  
Verb Constructions

Henry gave Elsa a kiss give kiss give a kiss We test two approaches to light verb constructions: (1) joint predication in light verb constructions is stored as pre-specified, and their high frequency predicts less processing cost. (2) Joint predication in light verb constructions is built in real-time. The entailed extra-syntactic composition predicts greater cost. Results from a cross-modal lexical decision task show delayed, higher reaction times for light verb constructions, supporting (2), which is consistent with a linguistic architecture that has partly autonomous lexico-semantic storage and processing.

scholarly journals Can a connectionist model explain the processing of regularly and irregularly inflected words in German as L1 and L2?

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 446-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilo Strobach ◽  
Ute Schönpflug
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Lexical Decision Task ◽  
Picture Naming ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Connectionist Model ◽  
Respective Group ◽  
Specific Advantage ◽  
L1 And L2 ◽  
Regular Verb

The connectionist model is a prevailing model of the structure and functioning of the cognitive system of the processing of morphology. According to this model, the morphology of regularly and irregularly inflected words (e.g., verb participles and noun plurals) is processed in the same cognitive network. A validation of the connectionist model of the processing of morphology in German as L2 has yet to be achieved. To investigate L2-specific aspects, we compared a group of L1 speakers of German with speakers of German as L2. L2 and L1 speakers of German were assigned to their respective group by their reaction times in picture naming prior to the central task. The reaction times in the lexical decision task of verb participles and noun plurals were largely consistent with the assumption of the connectionist model. Interestingly, speakers of German as L2 showed a specific advantage for irregular compared with regular verb participles.

Emphasizing Nonword Decisions in Word-Decision Performance

2008 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
C. Darren Piercey
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Instruction Condition ◽  
Decision Performance ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Speed And Accuracy ◽  
Mean Reaction Time

A robust finding in the lexical decision literature is that decisions to words are made more quickly and accurately than decisions to nonwords. When instructions are presented to participants prior to an experiment, an emphasis is usually placed on identifying words. This study assessed whether instructing participants to emphasize nonword decisions would affect the performance of the speed and accuracy of identification. A total of 98 individuals took part, 49 in a Word Instruction condition and 49 in a Nonword Instruction condition. Analysis indicated changes in emphasis on words versus nonwords decreased the difference in mean reaction time between word and nonword decisions. An interesting finding is that the manipulation of instructions affected reaction times to words but not to nonwords. The analysis of accuracy yielded no significant comparisons. Further research is required to assess the importance of the finding that the manipulation of instructions affects only word decisions.

scholarly journals Neurolinguistic evidence for bilingual language representation: a comparison of reaction times and event-related brain potentials

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja A. Kotz
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Semantic Priming ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Language Representation ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Language Condition ◽  
L1 And L2

The current study set out to examine word recognition in early fluent Spanish–English bilinguals using a single word presentation lexical decision task (LDT). Reaction times (RTs) and event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were measured while subjects (16 per language condition) made a lexical decision on words and pseudowords in either Spanish or English. Results show associative priming as measured by RTs, but both associative and categorical priming in the ERPs in both language conditions. The dissociation of RT and ERP effects suggests that the two measures might tap into different underlying processes during semantic priming or reflect different sensitivities towards semantic priming. Furthermore, both RT and ERP measures revealed symmetrical priming in L1 and L2. These data indicate that word recognition in early fluent bilinguals is equivalent for L1 and L2.

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