EFFECTS OF DIALYZABLE LEUKOCYTE EXTRACTS WITH TRANSFER FACTOR ACTIVITY ON LEUKOCYTE MIGRATION IN VITRO: VI. STUDIES ON THE PRIMARY STRUCTURE OF TRANSFER FACTOR

1981 ◽  
pp. 479-486
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Factor ◽  
Primary Structure ◽  
Leukocyte Migration ◽  
Factor Activity

Effects of dialyzable leukocyte extracts (DLE) with transfer factor activity on leukocyte migration in vitro

1980 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory B. Wilson ◽  
H.Hugh Fudenberg ◽  
Haldor T. Jonsson ◽  
Charles L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Factor ◽  
Leukocyte Migration ◽  
Factor Activity

scholarly journals Leukocyte migration inhibition of buffy coats from patients with autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura when exposed to normal platelets: modulation by transfer factor

Blood ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Borkowsky ◽  
S Karpatkin
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Factor ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Leukocyte Migration ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Migration Inhibition ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Leukocyte Migration Inhibition ◽  
Platelet Concentration

Cellular-mediated immunity was studied in autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ATP) patients by investigating leukocyte migration inhibition (LMI) following the interaction of normal platelets with patients' lymphocytes. When normal platelets were incubated with leukocyte buffy coats of ATP patients, the migration index (MI) was significantly impaired compared to buffy coats from normal subjects, employing 4 different concentrations of platelets. At the highest platelet concentration (10(9)/ml), MI was 0.87 +/- 0.04 (SEM) for ATP lymphocytes compared to 1.05 +/- 0.05 (p less than 0.01) for normal lymphocytes. Nine of 21 patients had an MI less than 0.80, whereas all control subjects had MIs greater than 0.85. Similar results were obtained at 2 different platelet membrane concentrations. At 500 micrograms/ml, the MI for ATP lymphocytes was 0.74 +/- 0.04, compared to 0.98 +/- 0.08 (p less than 0.01) for normal lymphocytes (12 experiments). An inverse relationship was noted between platelet count and lymphokine production in ATP patients (r = 0.815, p less than 0.001, 10 experiments). Transfer factor from an ATP patient in remission converted an abnormal LMI response of 0.68 +/- 0.04 from a patient with severe thrombocytopenia to 0.84 +/- 0.07 (p less than 0.005, 8 experiments). Similar results were obtained with transfer factor from 2 other patients in remission. Transfer factor from a patient with severe thrombocytopenia converted a normal response of 1.04 +/- 0.05 of normal subjects to a lower response of 0.88 +/- 0.04 (p less than 0.03, 12 experiments). Thus, lymphocytes of ATP patients are primed to recognize and be perturbed by normal platelets, whereas normal lymphocytes are not. This indicates specificity of the antigen- lymphocyte reaction in ATP patients. Transfer factor is capable of modulating this response in vitro.

IN VITRO ASSAY FOR TRANSFER FACTOR BY MEANS OF LEUKOCYTE MIGRATION TEST (LMT)

1976 ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
Jean Michel Goust ◽  
H. Hugh Fudenberg ◽  
Robert Moulias ◽  
Phillipe Reinert
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Factor ◽  
In Vitro Assay ◽  
Leukocyte Migration ◽  
Migration Test ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Leukocyte Migration Test

scholarly journals Leukocyte migration inhibition of buffy coats from patients with autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura when exposed to normal platelets: modulation by transfer factor

Blood ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Borkowsky ◽  
S Karpatkin
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Factor ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Leukocyte Migration ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Migration Inhibition ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Leukocyte Migration Inhibition ◽  
Platelet Concentration

Abstract Cellular-mediated immunity was studied in autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ATP) patients by investigating leukocyte migration inhibition (LMI) following the interaction of normal platelets with patients' lymphocytes. When normal platelets were incubated with leukocyte buffy coats of ATP patients, the migration index (MI) was significantly impaired compared to buffy coats from normal subjects, employing 4 different concentrations of platelets. At the highest platelet concentration (10(9)/ml), MI was 0.87 +/- 0.04 (SEM) for ATP lymphocytes compared to 1.05 +/- 0.05 (p less than 0.01) for normal lymphocytes. Nine of 21 patients had an MI less than 0.80, whereas all control subjects had MIs greater than 0.85. Similar results were obtained at 2 different platelet membrane concentrations. At 500 micrograms/ml, the MI for ATP lymphocytes was 0.74 +/- 0.04, compared to 0.98 +/- 0.08 (p less than 0.01) for normal lymphocytes (12 experiments). An inverse relationship was noted between platelet count and lymphokine production in ATP patients (r = 0.815, p less than 0.001, 10 experiments). Transfer factor from an ATP patient in remission converted an abnormal LMI response of 0.68 +/- 0.04 from a patient with severe thrombocytopenia to 0.84 +/- 0.07 (p less than 0.005, 8 experiments). Similar results were obtained with transfer factor from 2 other patients in remission. Transfer factor from a patient with severe thrombocytopenia converted a normal response of 1.04 +/- 0.05 of normal subjects to a lower response of 0.88 +/- 0.04 (p less than 0.03, 12 experiments). Thus, lymphocytes of ATP patients are primed to recognize and be perturbed by normal platelets, whereas normal lymphocytes are not. This indicates specificity of the antigen- lymphocyte reaction in ATP patients. Transfer factor is capable of modulating this response in vitro.

scholarly journals High Matrix Metalloproteinase Production Correlates with Immune Activation and Leukocyte Migration in Leprosy Reactional Lesions

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 1012-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosane M. B. Teles ◽  
Rose B. Teles ◽  
Thais P. Amadeu ◽  
Danielle F. Moura ◽  
Leila Mendonça-Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Leukocyte Migration ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Membrane Breakdown ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ

ABSTRACT Gelatinases A and B (matrix metalloproteinase 2 [MMP-2] and MMP-9, respectively) can induce basal membrane breakdown and leukocyte migration, but their role in leprosy skin inflammation remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed clinical specimens from leprosy patients taken from stable, untreated skin lesions and during reactional episodes (reversal reaction [RR] and erythema nodosum leprosum [ENL]). The participation of MMPs in disease was suggested by (i) increased MMP mRNA expression levels in skin biopsy specimens correlating with the expression of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), (ii) the detection of the MMP protein and enzymatic activity within the inflammatory infiltrate, (iii) increased MMP levels in patient sera, and (iv) the in vitro induction of MMP-9 by Mycobacterium leprae and/or TNF-α. It was observed that IFN-γ, TNF-α, MMP-2, and MMP-9 mRNA levels were higher in tuberculoid than lepromatous lesions. In contrast, interleukin-10 and tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP-1) message were not differentially modulated. These data correlated with the detection of the MMP protein evidenced by immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. When RR and ENL lesions were analyzed, an increase in TNF-α, MMP-2, and MMP-9, but not TIMP-1, mRNA levels was observed together with stronger MMP activity (zymography/in situ zymography). Moreover, following in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood cells, M. leprae induced the expression of MMP-9 (mRNA and protein) in cultured cells. Overall, the present data demonstrate an enhanced MMP/TIMP-1 ratio in the inflammatory states of leprosy and point to potential mechanisms for tissue damage. These results pave the way toward the application of new therapeutic interventions for leprosy reactions.

TREATMENT OF MUCOCUTANEOUS CANDIDIASIS WITH TRANSFER FACTOR

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Ralph D. Feigin ◽  
Penelope G. Shackelford ◽  
Seth Eisen ◽  
Lynn E. Spitler ◽  
Larry K. Pickering ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Skin Test ◽  
Migration Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Transfer Factor ◽  
Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Mucocutaneous Candidiasis ◽  
Receptor Sites ◽  
Stimulation Of

Evaluation of a patient with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis revealed that the patient lacked delayed hypersensitivity to candida and other skin test antigens and the patient's lymphocytes could not be stimulated in vitro with candida antigen. Phytohemagglutinin stimulation of lymphocytes in vitro was normal. Candidacidal function and myeloperoxidase activity of the patient's leukocytes were normal. The patient's lymphocytes produced migration inhibitory factor in response to candida antigen and the monocyte receptor sites for IgG were intact. Repeated treatments with amphotericin B, alone or with 5-fluorocytosine, were followed by immediate relapse. Four doses of transfer factor were administered and when coupled with amphotericin B on two occasions prompted remissions of 6 and 4 months, respectively.

Effect of steroids on cartilage metabolism "in vitro"

1986 ◽  
Vol 113 (4_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S35-S40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc V.L. DU CAJU ◽  
Raoul P. ROOMAN
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Thymidine Incorporation ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Synthetic Analogue ◽  
Factor Activity ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Cartilage Metabolism ◽  
Glucocorticoid Administration

ABSTRACT Conditions characterized by high levels of glucocorticoids are associated with poor growth. Serum somatomedin or insulin-like growth factor activity measured by cartilage bioassay systems is low, but is generally not accompanied by a fall in somatomedin concentration. Hydrocortisone and a synthetic analogue, dexamethasone, impaired the serum stimulated "in vitro" 35S sulphate and 3H-thymidine incorporation in porcine rib cartilage at physiological concentrations. Hydrocortisone added at a concentration of 0,1 μg/ml decreased the potency of normal serum to 50 % of controls. Dexamethasone was at least 10 times more potent. Removal of "in vitro" or "in vivo" administered hydrocortisone with dextran-coated charcoal restored the sulphate and thymidine activity to normal. We conclude that physiological amounts of glucocorticoids inhibit the "in vitro" porcine cartilage metabolism. Glucocorticoid administration "in vivo" does not abolish the activity of the cartilage stimulating effect of serum but affects cartilage metabolism directly or by the induction of locally produced inhibitors of cartilage metabolism.

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