Ceramides induce programmed cell death in Arabidopsis cells in a calcium-dependent manner

2005 ◽  
Vol 386 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen E. Townley ◽  
Kerrie McDonald ◽  
Gareth I. Jenkins ◽  
Marc R. Knight ◽  
Christopher J. Leaver
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Calcium Signalling ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Calcium Transient ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Arabidopsis Cells

Abstract While the role of C2-ceramide in the induction of programmed cell death (PCD) in animal systems has been well documented, little is known of its role in plant cells. Here we show that C2-ceramide induces PCD in Arabidopsis suspension cultures, which is preceded by the generation of a calcium transient and an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). Inhibition of the calcium transient prevented cell death, whereas inhibition of ROS had no effect on cell survival. These observations suggest that calcium signalling plays a role in ceramide-induced PCD but is independent of the generation of ROS.

scholarly journals The role of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide in programmed cell death associated with self-incompatibility

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 2869-2876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Serrano ◽  
María C. Romero-Puertas ◽  
Luisa M. Sandalio ◽  
Adela Olmedilla
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Self Incompatibility

scholarly journals Expression of a Mitochondrial Peroxiredoxin Prevents Programmed Cell Death in Leishmania donovani

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 861-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Harder ◽  
Meike Bente ◽  
Kerstin Isermann ◽  
Iris Bruchhaus
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Leishmania Donovani ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Logarithmic Phase ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Late Logarithmic Phase

ABSTRACT Leishmania promastigote cells transmitted by the insect vector get phagocytosed by macrophages and convert into the amastigote form. During development and transformation, the parasites are exposed to various concentrations of reactive oxygen species, which can induce programmed cell death (PCD). We show that a mitochondrial peroxiredoxin (LdmPrx) protects Leishmania donovani from PCD. Whereas this peroxiredoxin is restricted to the kinetoplast area in promastigotes, it covers the entire mitochondrion in amastigotes, accompanied by dramatically increased expression. A similar change in the expression pattern was observed during the growth of Leishmania from the early to the late logarithmic phase. Recombinant LdmPrx shows typical peroxiredoxin-like enzyme activity. It is able to detoxify organic and inorganic peroxides and prevents DNA from hydroxyl radical-induced damage. Most notably, Leishmania parasites overexpressing this peroxiredoxin are protected from hydrogen peroxide-induced PCD. This protection is also seen in promastigotes grown to the late logarithmic phase, also characterized by high expression of this peroxiredoxin. Apparently, the physiological role of this peroxiredoxin is stabilization of the mitochondrial membrane potential and, as a consequence, inhibition of PCD through removal of peroxides.

Regulation of necroptosis signaling and cell death by reactive oxygen species

2016 ◽  
Vol 397 (7) ◽  
pp. 657-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Fulda
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Posttranslational Modifications ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Alternative Form ◽  
Oxygen Species

Abstract Necroptosis has recently been identified as an alternative form of programmed cell death that is characterized by defined molecular mechanisms. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the regulation of numerous signaling pathways, as they are highly reactive and can cause (ir)reversible posttranslational modifications. While the role of ROS in other modes of cell death has been extensively studied, its impact on necroptotic signaling and cell death is far less clear. The current minireview discusses the evidence for and against a role of ROS in necroptosis.

scholarly journals A Role for COX20 in Tolerance to Oxidative Stress and Programmed Cell Death in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 575
Author(s):  
Keerthiraju ◽  
Du ◽  
Tucker ◽  
Greetham
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
Inhibitory Compound ◽  
Respiratory Growth ◽  
Pre Treatment

Industrial production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic materials (LCM′s) is reliant on a microorganism being tolerant to the stresses inherent to fermentation. Previous work has highlighted the importance of a cytochrome oxidase chaperone gene (COX20) in improving yeast tolerance to acetic acid, a common inhibitory compound produced during pre-treatment of LCM’s. The presence of acetic acid has been shown to induce oxidative stress and programmed cell death, so the role of COX20 in oxidative stress was determined. Analysis using flow cytometry revealed that COX20 expression was associated with reduced levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in hydrogen peroxide and metal-induced stress, and there was a reduction in apoptotic and necrotic cells when compared with a strain without COX20. Results on the functionality of COX20 have revealed that overexpression of COX20 induced respiratory growth in Δimp1 and Δcox18, two genes whose presence is essential for yeast respiratory growth. COX20 also has a role in protecting the yeast cell against programmed cell death.

The levels of peroxisomal catalase protein and activity modulate the onset of cell death in tobacco BY-2 cells via reactive oxygen species levels and autophagy

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena V. Tyutereva ◽  
Ksenia S. Dobryakova ◽  
Andreas Schiermeyer ◽  
Maria F. Shishova ◽  
Katharina Pawlowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Catalase Protein

In plant cells, peroxisomes participate in the metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS). One of the major regulators of cellular ROS levels – catalase (CAT) – occurs exclusively in peroxisomes. CAT activity is required for immunity-triggered autophagic programmed cell death (PCD). Autophagy has been recently demonstrated to represent a route for degradation of peroxisomes in plant cells. In the present study, the dynamics of the cellular peroxisome pool in tobacco BY-2 cell suspension cultures were used to analyse the effects of inhibition of basal autophagy with special attention to CAT activity. Numbers of peroxisomes per cell, levels of CAT protein and activity, cell viability, ROS levels and expression levels of genes encoding components of antioxidant system were analysed upon application of 3-methyladenine (3-MA), an inhibitor of autophagy, and/or aminotriazole (AT), an inhibitor of CAT. When applied separately, 3-MA and AT led to an increase in cell death, but this effect was attenuated by their simultaneous application. The obtained data suggest that both the levels of CAT protein in peroxisomes as well as CAT activity modulate the onset of cell death in tobacco BY-2 cells via ROS levels and autophagy.

scholarly journals The Mechanosensitive Ion Channel MSL10 Potentiates Responses to Cell Swelling in Arabidopsis Seedlings

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debarati Basu ◽  
Elizabeth S. Haswell
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Ion Channel ◽  
Osmotic Shock ◽  
Fundamental Property ◽  
Calcium Transient ◽  
Cell Swelling ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Mechanosensitive Ion Channel ◽  
Osmotic Treatment

SUMMARYThe ability to respond to unanticipated increases in volume is a fundamental property of cells, essential for cellular integrity in the face of osmotic challenges. Plants must manage cell swelling during flooding, rehydration, and pathogenesis–but little is known about the mechanisms by which this occurs. It has been proposed that plant cells could sense and respond to cell swelling through the action of mechanosensitive ion channels. Here we develop and characterize a new assay to study the effects of cell swelling on Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings and to test the contributions of the mechanosensitive ion channel MscS-Like10 (MSL10). The assay incorporates both cell wall softening and hypo-osmotic treatment to induce cell swelling. We show that MSL10 is required for previously demonstrated responses to hypo-osmotic shock, including a cytoplasmic calcium transient within the first few seconds, accumulation of ROS within the first 30 minutes, and increased transcript levels of mechano-inducible genes within 60 minutes. We also show that cell swelling induces programmed cell death within 3 hours, also in a MSL10-dependent manner. Finally, we show that MSL10 is unable to potentiate cell swelling-induced death when phosphomimetic residues are introduced into its soluble N-terminus. Thus, MSL10 functions as a phospho-regulated membrane-based sensor that connects the perception of cell swelling to a downstream signaling cascade and programmed cell death.

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