Calcium oxalate crystallization in untreated urine, centrifuged and filtered urine and ultrafiltered urine

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Guerra ◽  
Tiziana Meschi ◽  
Franca Allegri ◽  
Tania Schianchi ◽  
Giuditta Adorni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystallization ◽  
Different Types

AbstractCentrifuged and filtered urine is often used to evaluate in vitro the crystallization processes of calcium oxalate (CaOx), but even such simple manipulations can alter the composition of the urine, as regards its protein and lipid concentrations. In urine samples taken from 17 normal male adults, we evaluated CaOx crystallization by simultaneously using three different types of urine: untreated (U), centrifuged at 2000 rpm (800

Tamm-Horsfall Mucoprotein Reduces Promotion of Calcium Oxalate Crystal Aggregation Induced by Urate in Human Urine In Vitro

1994 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phulwinder K. Grover ◽  
Villis R. Marshall ◽  
Rosemary L. Ryall
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Urine Specimen ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystal ◽  
Physiological Concentration ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystallization ◽  
Crystal Aggregation

1. Increasing the concentration of dissolved urate promotes calcium oxalate crystallization in urine from which Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein, an inhibitor of calcium oxalate crystal aggregation, has almost completely been removed. This study aimed to determine whether the effect of urate could be reduced or abolished by a physiological concentration of Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein. This was approached in two ways. 2. The effect of Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein on calcium oxalate crystallization induced by urate was tested in ultrafiltered (10 kDa) urine samples from 10 healthy men. Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein (35 mg/l) was added to half of each specimen, the urate concentration was increased by the addition of sodium urate solution and crystallization was induced by a standard load of oxalate. The remainder of each urine specimen was used as a control; these specimens were treated with an identical amount of urate solution, but contained no Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein. Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein had no effect on the urinary metastable limit or on the deposition of calcium oxalate, but significantly reduced the size of the particles precipitated. 3. The effect of increasing the urate concentration in the presence of Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein was tested. Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein (35 mg/l) was added to 10 ultrafiltered urine samples as before, the samples were divided, and the concentration of urate was increased in half of each specimen. Compared with the control to which no urate was added, urate significantly reduced the amount of oxalate required to induce spontaneous calcium oxalate nucleation and increased the median volume and the particle size of the material deposited. 4. It was concluded that, in vivo, (a) hyperuricosuria would encourage the formation of calcium oxalate stones by promoting calcium oxalate crystallization, (b) Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein would not lessen the effect of urate on calcium oxalate nucleation or bulk deposition but would reduce its effect on crystal aggregation; it could therefore reduce the likelihood of stone formation in patients with hyperuricosuria.

The influence of freezer storage of urine samples on the BONN-Risk-Index for calcium oxalate crystallization

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Laube ◽  
Diana J. Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Urinary Stone ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystallization ◽  
Crystallization Experiment ◽  
Bonn Risk Index ◽  
Crystallization Risk

AbstractThis study was performed to quantify the effect of a 1-weekfreezer storage of urine on its calcium oxalate crystallization risk. Calcium oxalate is the most common urinary stone material observed in urolithiasis patients in western and affluent countries. The BONN-Risk-Index of calcium oxalate crystallization risk in human urine is determined from a crystallization experiment performed on untreated native urine samples.We tested the influence of a 1-weekfreezing on the BONN-Risk-Index value as well as the effect of the sample freezing on the urinary osmolality. In vitro crystallization experiments in 49 native urine samples from stone-forming and non-stone forming individuals were performed in order to determine their calcium oxalate crystallization risk according to the BONN-Risk-Index approach. Comparison of the results derived from original sample investigations with those obtained from the thawed aliquots by statistical evaluation shows that i) no significant deviation from linearity between both results exists and ii) both results are identical by statistical means. This is valid for both, the BONN-Risk-Index and the osmolality data.The differences in the BONN-Risk-Index results of both procedures of BONN-Risk-Index determination, however, exceed the clinically acceptable difference. Thus, determination of the urinary calcium oxalate crystallization risk from thawed urine samples cannot be recommended.

scholarly journals Investigation of potential anti-urolithiatic activity from different types of Musa pseudo-stem extracts in inhibition of calcium oxalate crystallization

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazni Abu Zarin ◽  
Joo Shun Tan ◽  
Paramasivam Murugan ◽  
Rosma Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Aggregation Assay ◽  
Banana Tree ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Aggregation Activity

Abstract Background The banana or scientifically referred to as Musa sp., is one of the most popular fruits all over the world. Almost all parts of a banana tree, including the fruits, stem juice, and flowers are commonly used as traditional medicine for treating diarrhoea (unripe), menorrhagia, diabetes, dysentery, and antiulcerogenic, hypoglycemic, antilithic, hypolipidemic conditions, plus antioxidant actions, inflammation, pains and even snakebites. The study carried out was to evaluate in vitro anti-urolithiatic activity from different types of Musa pseudo-stems. Methods Observing anti-urolithiathic activity via in vitro nucleation and aggregation assay using a spectrophotometer followed by microscopic observation. A total of 12 methanolic extracts were tested to determine the potential extracts in anti-urolithiasis activities. Cystone was used as a positive control. Results The results manifested an inhibition of nucleation activity (0.11 ± 2.32% to 55.39 ± 1.01%) and an aggregation activity (4.34 ± 0.68% to 58.78 ± 1.81%) at 360 min of incubation time. The highest inhibition percentage in nucleation assay was obtained by the Musa acuminate x balbiciana Colla cv “Awak Legor” methanolic pseudo-stem extract (2D) which was 55.39 ± 1.01%at 60 min of incubation time compared to the cystone at 30.87 ± 0.74%. On the other hand,the Musa acuminate x balbiciana Colla cv “Awak Legor” methanolic bagasse extract (3D) had the highest inhibition percentage in the aggregation assay incubated at 360 min which was obtained at 58.78 ± 1.8%; 5.53% higher than the cystone (53.25%).The microscopic image showed a great reduction in the calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals formation and the size of crystals in 2D and 3D extracts, respectively, as compared to negative control. Conclusions The results obtained from this study suggest that the extracts are potential sources of alternative medicine for kidney stones disease.

Expression of proteins that inhibit calcium oxalate crystallization in vitro in the urine of normal and stone-forming individuals

2001 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan C. Hedgepeth ◽  
Lizhu Yang ◽  
Martin I. Resnick ◽  
Susan Ruth Marengo
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystallization

scholarly journals In vitro effects on calcium oxalate crystallization kinetics and crystal morphology of an aqueous extract from Ceterach officinarum: Analysis of a potential antilithiatic mechanism

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. e0218734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta De Bellis ◽  
Maria Piera Piacentini ◽  
Maria Assunta Meli ◽  
Michele Mattioli ◽  
Michele Menotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Crystallization Kinetics ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Crystal Morphology ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystallization ◽  
In Vitro Effects

Magnesium Reduces Calcium Oxalate Crystal Formation in Human Whole Urine

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Hallson ◽  
G. A. Rose ◽  
S. Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Normal Volunteer ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystal ◽  
Isotopic Methods ◽  
Whole Urine

1. A low urinary magnesium was induced in normal volunteer subjects by giving cellulose phosphate; magnesium was added in vitro to yield urine samples of normal and high magnesium concentrations 2. After rapid evaporation of these urine samples at pH 5.3 to standard osmolality the calcium oxalate crystals were measured by microscopy and isotopic methods 3. There was a clear inverse correlation between magnesium concentration and calcium oxalate crystal formation 4. The case for treating calcium oxalate urolithiasis with magnesium is strengthened.

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