Pareto domain: an invaluable source of process information

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldine Cáceres Sepúlveda ◽  
Silvia Ochoa ◽  
Jules Thibault
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Pareto Optimal ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Optimal Point ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Visualization Tools ◽  
Pareto Domain ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Typical Process

AbstractDue to the highly competitive market and increasingly stringent environmental regulations, it is paramount to operate chemical processes at their optimal point. In a typical process, there are usually many process variables (decision variables) that need to be selected in order to achieve a set of optimal objectives for which the process will be considered to operate optimally. Because some of the objectives are often contradictory, Multi-objective optimization (MOO) can be used to find a suitable trade-off among all objectives that will satisfy the decision maker. The first step is to circumscribe a well-defined Pareto domain, corresponding to the portion of the solution domain comprised of a large number of non-dominated solutions. The second step is to rank all Pareto-optimal solutions based on some preferences of an expert of the process, this step being performed using visualization tools and/or a ranking algorithm. The last step is to implement the best solution to operate the process optimally. In this paper, after reviewing the main methods to solve MOO problems and to select the best Pareto-optimal solution, four simple MOO problems will be solved to clearly demonstrate the wealth of information on a given process that can be obtained from the MOO instead of a single aggregate objective. The four optimization case studies are the design of a PI controller, an SO2 to SO3 reactor, a distillation column and an acrolein reactor. Results of these optimization case studies show the benefit of generating and using the Pareto domain to gain a deeper understanding of the underlying relationships between the various process variables and performance objectives.

scholarly journals A Fuzzy Optimization Model for the Berth Allocation Problem and Quay Crane Allocation Problem (BAP + QCAP) with n Quays

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Edwar Lujan ◽  
Edmundo Vergara ◽  
Jose Rodriguez-Melquiades ◽  
Miguel Jiménez-Carrión ◽  
Carlos Sabino-Escobar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Model ◽  
Fuzzy Optimization ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Allocation Problem ◽  
Berth Allocation ◽  
Triangular Fuzzy Numbers ◽  
Berth Allocation Problem ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Short Time

This work introduces a fuzzy optimization model, which solves in an integrated way the berth allocation problem (BAP) and the quay crane allocation problem (QCAP). The problem is solved for multiple quays, considering vessels’ imprecise arrival times. The model optimizes the use of the quays. The BAP + QCAP, is a NP-hard (Non-deterministic polynomial-time hardness) combinatorial optimization problem, where the decision to assign available quays for each vessel adds more complexity. The imprecise vessel arrival times and the decision variables—berth and departure times—are represented by triangular fuzzy numbers. The model obtains a robust berthing plan that supports early and late arrivals and also assigns cranes to each berth vessel. The model was implemented in the CPLEX solver (IBM ILOG CPLEX Optimization Studio); obtaining in a short time an optimal solution for very small instances. For medium instances, an undefined behavior was found, where a solution (optimal or not) may be found. For large instances, no solutions were found during the assigned processing time (60 min). Although the model was applied for n = 2 quays, it can be adapted to “n” quays. For medium and large instances, the model must be solved with metaheuristics.

scholarly journals Effects of 3D Printing-Line Directions for Stretchable Sensor Performances

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1791
Author(s):  
Chi Cuong Vu ◽  
Thanh Tai Nguyen ◽  
Sangun Kim ◽  
Jooyong Kim
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Times ◽  
Stretchable Sensors

Health monitoring sensors that are attached to clothing are a new trend of the times, especially stretchable sensors for human motion measurements or biological markers. However, price, durability, and performance always are major problems to be addressed and three-dimensional (3D) printing combined with conductive flexible materials (thermoplastic polyurethane) can be an optimal solution. Herein, we evaluate the effects of 3D printing-line directions (45°, 90°, 180°) on the sensor performances. Using fused filament fabrication (FDM) technology, the sensors are created with different print styles for specific purposes. We also discuss some main issues of the stretch sensors from Carbon Nanotube/Thermoplastic Polyurethane (CNT/TPU) and FDM. Our sensor achieves outstanding stability (10,000 cycles) and reliability, which are verified through repeated measurements. Its capability is demonstrated in a real application when detecting finger motion by a sensor-integrated into gloves. This paper is expected to bring contribution to the development of flexible conductive materials—based on 3D printing.

Creating a growth mindset

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Ian Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Growth Mindset ◽  
Cultural Space ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fixed Mindset ◽  
And Performance

Purpose This paper aims to show that everything a business does is fundamentally reliant on its culture. Culture determines how successful a strategy is and whether that strategy can be executed. If the culture in a business is out of alignment, it is imperative to change it. This paper examines how HR professionals can take ownership of this cultural space and help to create a growth mindset throughout the organisation. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on experience gained through working with several large organisations to transform their people culture and performance by embracing a growth mindset and to help their HR leadership become the early champions of change, thus ensuring the process was successfully delivered. The paper includes case studies of two organisations where successful cultural shaping delivered improved results. Findings Companies with a growth mindset will outperform those with a fixed mindset. Changing mindsets is not overly complex, but it requires flawless implementation with the HR leaders at the forefront. Originality/value As Lou Gerstner, who turned around the computing giant IBM, said “I finally realised that culture is not part of the game, it is the game”. By understanding how individual mindsets impact culture, HR professionals can own and drive their organisation’s culture-shaping efforts.

Historical change of word classes

Diachronica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Gerner
Keyword(s):  
Target Word ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Historical Change ◽  
Temporal Parameter ◽  
Word Class ◽  
Process Of Change ◽  
Word Classes ◽  
Asian Languages ◽  
Typical Process

This paper isolates four parameters that guide the historical change of word classes: the quantificational parameter, the directional parameter, the preservative parameter and the temporal parameter. These parameters are involved in the organization of seven case studies in East Asian languages. Based on these case studies I define four diachronic tendencies that apply to East Asian languages and perhaps beyond: (1) the greater the size of the target word class, the lower the number of new acquired meanings; (2) if a word class engages on a path of change, then the greater its size, the more likely it is that the process of change in which it engages will be lexicalization; (3) in a typical process of grammaticalization relatively more meanings are generated than in a typical process of lexicalization; (4) processes of grammaticalization represent temporally short processes more often than processes of lexicalization.

scholarly journals Optimization Of Multi-Module CrN/CrCN Coatings

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 1037-1043
Author(s):  
Ł. Szparaga ◽  
P. Bartosik ◽  
A. Gilewicz ◽  
J. Ratajski
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Pareto Optimal ◽  
Mutual Distance ◽  
Pareto Optimal Solutions ◽  
Optimal Solutions ◽  
Decision Criteria ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
42Crmo4 Steel ◽  
The Stability

Abstract In the paper was proposed optimization procedure supporting the prototyping of the geometry of multi-module CrN/CrCN coatings, deposited on substrates from 42CrMo4 steel, in respect of mechanical properties. Adopted decision criteria were the functions of the state of internal stress and strain in the coating and substrate, caused by external mechanical loads. Using developed optimization procedure the set of optimal solutions (Pareto-optimal solutions) of coatings geometry parameters, due to the adopted decision criteria was obtained. For the purposes of analysis of obtained Pareto-optimal solutions, their mutual distance in the space of criteria and decision variables were calculated, which allowed to group solutions in the classes. Also analyzed the number of direct neighbors of Pareto-optimal solutions for the purposes of assessing the stability of solutions.

AN EFFECTIVE CONTROL FLOW CHECKING METHOD FOR MULTITASK PROCESSING IN HARSH ENVIRONMENTS

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (08) ◽  
pp. 1350067 ◽  
Author(s):  
SEYYED AMIR ASGHARI ◽  
ATENA ABDI ◽  
OKYAY KAYNAK ◽  
HASSAN TAHERI ◽  
HOSSEIN PEDRAM
Keyword(s):  
Error Detection ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Control Flow ◽  
Simultaneous Optimization ◽  
Harsh Environments ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Single Event Upsets ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
And Performance

Electronic equipment used in harsh environments such as space has to cope with many threats. One major threat is the intensive radiation which gives rise to Single Event Upsets (SEU) that lead to control flow errors and data errors. In the design of embedded systems to be used in space, the use of radiation tolerant equipment may therefore be a necessity. However, even if the higher cost of such a choice is not a problem, the efficiency of such equipment is lower than the COTS equipment. Therefore, the use of COTS with appropriate measures to handle the threats may be the optimal solution, in which a simultaneous optimization is carried out for power, performance, reliability and cost. In this paper, a novel method is presented for control flow error detection in multitask environments with less memory and performance overheads as compared to other methods seen in the literature.

Drive System Sizing of a 6-DOF Parallel Robotic Platform

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermes Giberti ◽  
Davide Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Parallel Robot ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Pareto Optimal ◽  
Hardware In The Loop ◽  
Motion Simulation ◽  
Inverse Dynamic ◽  
Kinematic Chains ◽  
Fixed Base ◽  
Parallel Kinematic

In this work, it is considered a 6-DoF robotic device intended to be applied for hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) motion simulation with wind tunnel models. The requirements have led to a 6-PUS parallel robot whose linkages consist of six closed-loop kinematic chains, connecting the fixed base to the mobile platform with the same sequence of joints: actuated Prism (P), Universal (U), and Spherical (S). As is common for parallel kinematic manipulators (PKMs), the actual performances of the robot depend greatly on its dimensions. Therefore, a kinematic synthesis has been performed and several Pareto-optimal solutions have been obtained through a multi-objective optimization of the machine geometric parameters, using a genetic algorithm. In this paper, the inverse dynamic analysis of the robot is presented. Then, the results are used for the mechanical sizing of the drive system, comparing belt- to screw-driven units and selecting the motor-reducer groups. Finally, the best compromise Pareto-optimal solution is definitely chosen.

scholarly journals Is “transgenerational response” a hidden cause of failed corporate turnarounds and chronic underperformance?

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
John Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Ceo Turnover ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organizational Policies ◽  
And Performance

Purpose CEO turnover and chronic corporate underperformance are examined through the lens of Transgenerational Response. Design/methodology/approach The criteria for investigating Transgenerational Response in corporations consisted of identifying a Critical Corporate Incident, the number of corporate generations and the resultant corporate financial performance. Findings The evidence presented in the case studies illustrates how a Critical Corporate Incident has produced the consequential effect of chronic financial performance in the years following the incident. Research limitations/implications These case studies have not presented the “actual” adaptive responses, inherited attitudes and behaviours that have subsequently embedded themselves in a new corporate culture, post the Critical Corporate Incident, to the detriment of the long-term health and performance of each firm. Practical implications Examining CEO turnover and chronic corporate underperformance through the lens of Transgenerational Response means that business leaders can identify how a historic event has affected the performance of their firm in subsequent generations. With this knowledge in hand, they will be able to examine the inherited attitudes and behaviours, organizational policies, strategy and adaptive cultural routines that have combined to consolidate the firms chronic under performance. Originality/value This is a highly original, evidence based, idea that has the potential to reshape our current understanding of CEO turnover and underperforming firms. It will help business leaders identify how a historic event has affected the performance of a firm in subsequent generations.

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