scholarly journals Rechtswissenschaft, Geschichte und die institutionelle Natur des Rechts

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Lacey
Keyword(s):  
Social Power ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Institutional History ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Institutional Dimension ◽  
English Law ◽  
Over Time

AbstractIn this paper, I argue that history deserves a more central place in jurisprudential thinking. The argument rests on an understanding of law as having a fundamental institutional dimension, as well as being a product of social power and interests. Since law realises itself in terms of intersecting institutional arrangements and since these change over time, institutional history is central to the very idea of law which jurisprudence aspires to illuminate. The argument is pursued through a case study in special jurisprudence: an analysis of the trajectory of ideas of criminal responsibility in English law since the 18

Casual Resistance: A Longitudinal Case Study of Video Gaming’s Gendered Construction and Related Audience Perceptions

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 819-841
Author(s):  
Amanda C Cote
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Longitudinal Case Study ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Audience Studies ◽  
Casual Games ◽  
Video Gamers ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Many media are associated with masculinity or femininity and male or female audiences, which links them to broader power structures around gender. Media scholars thus must understand how gendered constructions develop and change, and what they mean for audiences. This article addresses these questions through longitudinal, in-depth interviews with female video gamers (2012–2018), conducted as the rise of casual video games potentially started redefining gaming’s historical masculinization. The analysis shows that participants have negotiated relationships with casualness. While many celebrate casual games’ potential for welcoming new audiences, others resist casual’s influence to safeguard their self-identification as gamers. These results highlight how a medium’s gendered construction may not be salient to consumers, who carefully navigate divides between their own and industrially designed identities, but can simultaneously reaffirm existing power structures. Further, how participants’ views change over time emphasizes communication’s ongoing need for longitudinal audience studies that address questions of media, identity, and inclusion.

scholarly journals The nature of language learners’ beliefs: A half-told story

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qunyan (Maggie) Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Language Learners ◽  
Early Research ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Learner Beliefs ◽  
L2 Learners ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Research Studies

<p>Substantial amount of research regarding L2 learners’ beliefs has been conducted in recent years. However, not enough attention has been paid to investigating the nature of learners’ beliefs; hence our understanding of the construct is contradictory in the sense that early research studies report stability in beliefs, while more recent studies provide evidence of change in learners’ beliefs. This paper reports on a case study aiming at contributing to a deeper understanding of the nature of language learners’ beliefs. Data were gathered longitudinally over an 18-week period using a number of tools. The findings reveal the complexity of learners’ beliefs. The beliefs that the learners held were not always in harmony and some of them can be self contradictory. Furthermore, while some beliefs may evolve and change over time and across situation, others may remain relatively stable, suggesting the complex and dual nature of learners’ beliefs. Drawing on these findings, the paper concludes that learner beliefs can best be perceived as an inter-related construct that has dual features and sometimes can be paradoxical.</p>

Evolving Best Practices: Engaging the Strengths of Both External and Local Peacebuilders in Track Two Dialogues through Local Ownership

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-84
Author(s):  
Susan H. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Reflective Practice ◽  
Local Ownership ◽  
Social Responses ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Over Time

Abstract This article examines best practices in local ownership of Track Two diplomacy. Taking as a starting point the idea that best practices change over time as conflicts and social responses to them change, the article seeks out recent innovations and practices in Track Two diplomacy, focusing on practices of local ownership. A series of two reflective practice workshops with facilitators of Track Two processes offer insights on local ownership in current Track Two diplomacy. More in-depth examination of the Georgian-South Ossetian case illustrates an example of increasing local ownership developing over time during a ten year Track Two process. Together, the reflective practice workshops and the case study suggest team approaches to Track Two diplomacy so that insiders and outsiders work together as a team to facilitate, bringing the strengths of both insiders and outsiders to Track Two processes.

scholarly journals Management of Energy Recourses, Marginal Input- Output Coefficients, and Layers of Techniques: A Case Study of US Chemical Industry

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (4II) ◽  
pp. 517-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toseef Azid ◽  
Mumtaz Anwar ◽  
M. Junaid Khawaja
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Price Structure ◽  
Fixed Price ◽  
Current Price ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Over Time

The embodied technical change should reduce the cost of production of the commodity. However, price structure, wages and interest rates also will change over time. Thus if a commodity is following a fixed price regime, the adjustment of a historical input-output table to current price wage level will leaves less and less profit per unit of output. The extent of this reduction will indicate the extent of technological change. There are different approaches to the prediction of changes in input-output coefficients. The first approach, attributable to Leontief (1941) and Stone (1962), assumes that input-output matrices change over time in a “biproportional” way. The other approach is to estimate trends in individual coefficients using statistical data. Former approach is used by a number of experts, including Fontela, et al. (1970), Almon, et al. (1974) and Carter (1970). Arrow and Hoffenberg (1959), Henry (1974), Savaldson (1970, 1976), Ozaki (1976), Aujac (1972) and Buzunov (1970). These are examples of the application of the quantitative approach for forecasting input-output coefficients. Still another approach which could not get much attention for forecasting input-output coefficients, is constructing the marginal input-output coefficients [Tilanus (1967); Middelhoek (1970)]. Marginal coefficients for forecasting constructed by Tilanus and Middelhoek are based on average input-output tables, which shows that still new approach (marginal) is based on the old (average) one

Shifting Responses to Institutional Change: The National Football League and Player Concussions

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn L. Heinze ◽  
Di Lu
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Change ◽  
National Football League ◽  
Institutional Research ◽  
Longitudinal Case Study ◽  
Organizational Responses ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Governing Body ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Over Time

Institutional research increasingly suggests that organizations are not passive recipients of institutional demands. Organizations can adopt a variety of strategies, including dismissing, decoupling, and co-opting, in response to pressure to change. Over time, organizations likely adopt different approaches, particularly as the institutional field continues to evolve. Through a longitudinal case study of the National Football League’s responses to player concussions, we investigated shifts in how a powerful sport governing body responds to institutional change over time. We found that the National Football League moved through different responses, from more reactive strategies—including dismissing, decoupling, and acquiescing—to proactive attempts to control institutional change. Using data on the National Football League, we offer propositions about the factors that may influence organizational responses. This study advances understanding of powerful sport governing bodies’ responses to institutional change.

scholarly journals Non-valued Changeover Time Measures for Hiddxen Time Loss in Automotive Mechanical Component Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.36) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Rasib A. . H ◽  
Mohamad Rafaai Z. . F
Keyword(s):  
Operational Performance ◽  
Automatic Assembly ◽  
Time Loss ◽  
Manual Assembly ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Automotive Manufacturing ◽  
Assembly Procedure ◽  
Measures Of Performance ◽  
Over Time

 Generally, Hidden Time Loss exists besides all procedures and thus it has the direct influence on the rate of productivity. In the line of production, the most prominent tool to measure the performance is Overall Equipment Efficiency. Availability of equipment is one of the component to measure Overall Equipment Efficiency to cater the Hidden Time Loss. Though, in manual assembly and semi-automatic assembly procedure, the Overall Equipment Efficiency is not good fit to measure operational performance of assembly procedure. Along the manual assembly and semi-automatic assembly procedures some Hidden Time Loss has occurred particularly when same line of production provides high variety of product. Therefore, the current research introduces the Non-valued Changeover Time as one component of Time Loss Measures in assemble produces. A comprehensive literature analysis is done on the production operations along with the measures of performance to develop the Non-valued Change-over Time structure. Basically, a case study of two companies of automotive manufacturing is used to find the validity of structure of Non-valued Change-over Time. It is concluded that Non-valued Change-over Time is one of the measure of Hidden Time Loss in manual as well as semi-automatic assembly procedures.

scholarly journals JIHADISM AND RADICALISATION IN SELECTED REGIONS OF EUROPE, THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA – A CASE STUDY

2018 ◽  
pp. 75-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
József Kis-Benedek
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Key Words ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
East Europe ◽  
Foreign Fighters ◽  
Over Time

Povzetek Terorizem in z njim povezani pojavi, kot sta radikalizem in džihadizem, so eni največjih izzivov našega časa. S pomočjo ustreznih primerov v nekaterih pomembnih državah avtor analizira vzroke in posledice terorizma. Pomembno je, da se pri tej tematiki osredotočimo le na nekaj držav, saj se vzroki za radikalizem in džihadizem razlikujejo in s časom spreminjajo ne le znotraj regije, temveč tudi znotraj posameznih držav. Radikalizem in džihadizem sta večinoma tesno povezana s kriznimi območji. Poleg analize tematike so v študijo vključeni tudi predlogi za obvladovanje in reševanje tega problema. Key words: terorizem, džihadizem, radikalizem, tuji bojevniki, Bližnji vzhod, Evropa, Severna Afrika. Abstract One of the biggest challenges of our time is terrorism and its concomitant phenomena, such as radicalism and jihadism. The author analyses the causes and consequences of terrorism by describing relevant cases in certain significant countries. Reducing this topic to some concrete countries only is important, because the causes of radicalism and jihadism are different and can change over time not only across a region, but also within a single country. Radicalism and jihadism are mostly closely connected to crisis areas. Beyond the analysis of this topic, the study also touches upon proposals to handle and solve this problem. Key words: terrorism, jihadism, radicalism, foreign fighters, Middle East, Europe, North Africa.

scholarly journals Business model and innovation orientations in manufacturing SMEs: An Australian multi-case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald C. Beckett ◽  
Ross L. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Research studies of SME innovation practice observe some common themes, such as an orientation towards networking, and some differences that may seem activity-related (e.g. production or service). In this paper we suggest the kinds of innovation activity undertaken by an SME will depend on their dominant business model and owner/enterprise attitudes, each one being moderated by purposeful networking. This is illustrated in our review of data from 50 case studies, where combining a CEO narrative analysis with secondary data on the nature of the firm has identified seven generic manufacturing business models. We observe these may be adopted singly or in combination to pursue a competitive advantage, and the dominant business model may change over time as new capabilities are developed and/or in response to market changes.

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