scholarly journals Virological aspects of non-human primates or swine-to human xenotransplantation

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Natalia Mazurkiewicz ◽  
Agnieszka Nowak ◽  
Magdalena Hryhorowicz ◽  
Joanna Zeyland ◽  
Daniel Lipiński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Marburg Virus ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Animal Pathogens ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Xenotransplantation

There are a number of human diseases, which can lead to organ failure. The consequence is often the need for a transplant. The number of performed operations is very low due to the shortage of organs for transplantation. As a consequence, the number of people waiting for transplant is still growing. The solution to this situation may be xenotransplantation. Xenotransplantation word comes from the Greek xenos meaning stranger, the other. It is defined as any procedure that involves the transplantation, implantation or infusion of tissues or zoonotic organs into a human recipient, but also human body fluids, cells, tissues, organs (or fragments) that have ex vivo contact with zoonotic cells, tissues or organs. One of the obstacles of the xenograft transplantation is the risk of animal pathogens transmission to the humans. Viruses that pose risk in the non-human primates-to-human xenotransplantation includes: the human immunodeficiency virus - HIV and the Marburg virus described in this paper. In addition viruses, which is a problem in pig-to-human xenotransplantation have also been described, including: porcine endogenous retrovirus - PERV, porcine cytomegalovirus - PCMV, porcine lymphotropic herpesvirus - PLHV and hepatitis E virus - E - HEV. This review of literature is the latest knowledge of the microbiological safety of xenotransplantation.

scholarly journals 68Ga-radiolabeling of hepatitis E virus-like nanoparticles and evaluation of their ex vivo biodistribution in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 96-97 ◽  
pp. S106-S107
Author(s):  
Elisavet Lambidis ◽  
Chun Chieh Chen ◽  
Mo Baikoghli ◽  
Surachet Imlimthan ◽  
Mirkka Sarparanta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Ex Vivo Biodistribution

scholarly journals Acute hepatitis E virus infection in human immunodeficiency virus-positive men and women in Nepal: Not quite a rare entity

Hepatology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 1006-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birendra Prasad Gupta ◽  
Ananta Shrestha ◽  
Anurag Adhikari ◽  
Thupten Kelsang Lama ◽  
Binaya Sapkota
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acute Hepatitis E

scholarly journals Chronic hepatitis E virus infection beyond transplantation or human immunodeficiency virus infection

Hepatology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 1112-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Höner zu Siederdissen ◽  
Sven Pischke ◽  
Jerome Schlue ◽  
Katja Deterding ◽  
Timo Hellms ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Hepatitis E virus infection in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus

2011 ◽  
Vol 83 (10) ◽  
pp. 1704-1716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamadou Kaba ◽  
Hervé Richet ◽  
Isabelle Ravaux ◽  
Jacques Moreau ◽  
Isabelle Poizot-Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Patients are Not at Higher Risk for Hepatitis E Virus Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 618
Author(s):  
Pedro Lopez-Lopez ◽  
Mario Frias ◽  
Angela Camacho ◽  
Antonio Rivero ◽  
Antonio Rivero-Juarez
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Negative

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is the most common cause of acute hepatitis in the world. It is not well established whether people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are more susceptible to infection with HEV than people not infected with HIV. Many studies have evaluated this relationship, although none are conclusive. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess whether patients with HIV infection constitute a risk group for HEV infection. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed in line with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), to find publications comparing HEV seroprevalences among HIV infected and uninfected populations. The analysis was matched by sex, age and geographical area, and compared patients who live with HIV and HIV-negative individuals. The odds ratio (OR) for patients with HIV was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.74–1.03) in the fixed effects meta-analysis and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.70–1.11) in random effects, with I2 = 47%. This study did not show that HIV infection was a risk factor for HEV infection when compared with those who are HIV-negative.

Hepatitis E Virus Infections Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Positive Individuals During an Outbreak of Acute Hepatitis A in Taiwan

Hepatology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1892-1902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuan‐Yin Lin ◽  
Pi‐Han Lin ◽  
Hsin‐Yun Sun ◽  
Yi‐Ting Chen ◽  
Li‐Hsin Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acute Hepatitis A

Congenital Viral Infection: Traversing the Uterine-Placental Interface

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenore Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Parvovirus B19 ◽  
Intrauterine Infection ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Novel Treatments ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human Viruses

Why certain viruses cross the physical barrier of the human placenta but others do not is incompletely understood. Over the past 20 years, we have gained deeper knowledge of intrauterine infection and routes of viral transmission. This review focuses on human viruses that replicate in the placenta, infect the fetus, and cause birth defects, including rubella virus, varicella-zoster virus, parvovirus B19, human cytomegalovirus (CMV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and hepatitis E virus type 1. Detailed discussions include ( a) the architecture of the uterine-placental interface, ( b) studies of placental explants ex vivo that provide insights into the infection and spread of CMV and ZIKV to the fetal compartment and how these viruses undermine early development, and ( c) novel treatments and vaccines that limit viral replication and have the potential to reduce dissemination, vertical transmission and the occurrence of congenital disease.

scholarly journals PCR-based cloning and immunocytological titration of infectious porcine endogenous retrovirus subgroup A and B

2002 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 2231-2240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birke Bartosch ◽  
Robin A. Weiss ◽  
Yasuhiro Takeuchi
Keyword(s):  
Restriction Site ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Endogenous Retroviruses ◽  
Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
293 Cells ◽  
Cloning Technique ◽  
Unique Restriction ◽  
Human Xenotransplantation

Two pig endogenous retroviruses (PERV), PERV-A and -B, productively infect human cells and are therefore considered to constitute a potential risk in pig-to-human xenotransplantation. A PCR-based cloning technique to isolate infectious PERV proviruses was established. Overlapping 3′ half and 5′ halves of PERV proviral genomes were amplified using DNA extracted from human 293 cells infected with PERV-A or -B. These clones were fused at a unique restriction site in the overlapping region and tested for their infectivity. Representative constructs possessed the same infectious properties as their parent isolates. We also developed a polyclonal anti-PERV serum by using recombinant PERV capsid protein derived from one of the infectious constructs as immunogen and established an immunocytological method for detection and titration of PERV infection. This detection method proved to be more sensitive than the current method of choice (transfer of MLV-lacZ vectors) for infectivity assessment of PERV. These findings should be considered for future characterization of PERV isolates.

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