Alkaline-sulfite chemithermomechanical pulping of Eucalyptus grandis biotreated by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora under varied culture conditions

Holzforschung ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Paulo Vicentim ◽  
André Ferraz
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Length ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Ceriporiopsis Subvermispora ◽  
Fungal Pretreatment ◽  
Chemithermomechanical Pulping

Abstract The effect of different culture conditions have been evaluated concerning the extracellular enzyme activities of the white-rot fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora growing on Eucalyptus grandis wood. The consequence of the varied fungal pretreatment on a subsequent chemithermomechanical pulping (CTMP) was addressed. In all cultures, manganese peroxidase (MnP) and xylanase were the predominant extracellular enzymes. The biopulping efficiency was evaluated based on the amount of fiber bundles obtained after the first fiberizing step and the fibrillation levels of refined pulps. It was found that the MnP levels in the cultures correlated positively with the biopulping benefits. On the other hand, xylanase and total oxalate levels did not vary significantly. Accordingly, it was not possible to determine whether MnP accomplishes the effect alone or depends on synergic action of other extracellular agents. Pulp strength and fiber size distribution were also evaluated. The average fiber length of CTMP pulps prepared from untreated wood chips was 623 μm. Analogous values were observed for most of the biopulps; however, significant amounts of shorter fibers were found in the biopulp prepared from wood chips biotreated in cultures supplemented with glucose plus corn-steep liquor. Despite evidence of reduced average fiber length, biopulps prepared from these wood chips presented the highest improvement in tensile indexes (+28% at 23° Schopper-Riegler).

Evaluation of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden biopulping with Ceriporiopsis subvermispora under non-aseptic conditions

Holzforschung ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Masarin ◽  
André Ferraz
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Wood Chip ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Ceriporiopsis Subvermispora ◽  
Aseptic Conditions

Abstract In biopulping, efficient wood colonization by a selected white-rot fungus depends on previous wood chip decontamination to avoid the growth of primary molds. Although simple to perform in the laboratory, in large-scale biopulping trials, complete wood decontamination is difficult to achieve. Furthermore, the use of fungal growth promoters such as corn steep liquor enhances the risk of culture contamination. This paper evaluates the ability of the biopulping fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora to compete with indigenous fungi in cultures of fresh or poorly decontaminated Eucalyptus grandis wood chips. While cultures containing autoclaved wood chips were completely free of contaminants, primary molds grew rapidly when non-autoclaved wood chips were used, resulting in heavily contaminated cultures, regardless of the C. subvermispora inoculum/wood ratio evaluated (5, 50 and 3000 mg mycelium kg−1 wood). Studies on benomyl-amended medium suggested that the fungi involved competed by consumption of the easily available nutrient sources, with C. subvermispora less successful than the contaminant fungi. The use of acid-washed wood chips decreased the level of such contaminant fungi, but production of manganese peroxidase and xylanases was also decreased under these conditions. Nevertheless, chemithermomechanical pulping of acid-washed samples biotreated under non-aseptic conditions gave similar fibrillation improvements compared to samples subjected to the standard biodegradation process using autoclaved wood chips.

High-yield kraft pulping of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden biotreated by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora under two different culture conditions

Holzforschung ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Paulo Vicentim ◽  
Robson de Almeida Faria ◽  
André Ferraz
Keyword(s):  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Extracellular Enzyme ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Kraft Pulping ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Short Fibers ◽  
Wood Component ◽  
Ceriporiopsis Subvermispora ◽  
Steep Liquor

AbstractIn the present study, it was evaluated how two different culture conditions for the biotreatment ofEucalyptus grandisbyCeriporiopsis subvermisporaaffect a subsequent high-yield kraft pulping process. Under the varied culture conditions investigated, different extracellular enzyme activities were observed. Manganese-peroxidase (MnP) secretion was 3.7 times higher in cultures supplemented with glucose plus corn-steep liquor (glucose/CSL) as compared to non-supplemented (NS) cultures. The biotreated samples underwent diverse levels of wood component degradation as losses of weight and lignin were increased in glucose/CSL cultures. Mass balances for lignin removal during kraft pulping showed that delignification was facilitated when both biotreated wood samples were cooked. Delignification efficiency did not correlate positively with MnP levels in the cultures. On the other hand, biopulps from NS and glucose/CSL cultures saved 27% and 38% beating time to achieve 28° Schopper-Riegler freeness during refining, respectively. Biopulps disposed of decreased tensile and tear resistances, thus easier refining of the biokraft pulps seems to be a consequence of less resistant fiber walls. Improved beatability of biopulps was tentatively related to short fibers and fines formation during refining. We suggest that to some extent polysaccharide depolymerization occurred during the biotreatment, which also resulted in diminished pulp yields in the case of glucose/CSL cultures.

scholarly journals Accelerating the Biodegradation of High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Using Bjerkandera adusta TBB-03 and Lignocellulose Substrates

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Ram Kang ◽  
Soo Bin Kim ◽  
Hyun A Song ◽  
Tae Kwon Lee
Keyword(s):  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Amorphous Structure ◽  
High Density ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Organic Polymer ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Laccase Production ◽  
Bjerkandera Adusta ◽  
Emerging Pollutant

High-density polyethylene (HDPE) is a widely used organic polymer and an emerging pollutant, because it is very stable and nonbiodegradable. Several fungal species that produce delignifying enzymes are known to be promising degraders of recalcitrant polymers, but research on the decomposition of plastics is scarce. In this study, white rot fungus, Bjerkandera adusta TBB-03, was isolated and characterized for its ability to degrade HDPE under lignocellulose substrate treatment. Ash (Fraxinus rhynchophylla) wood chips were found to stimulate laccase production (activity was > 210 U/L after 10 days of cultivation), and subsequently used for HDPE degradation assay. After 90 days, cracks formed on the surface of HDPE samples treated with TBB-03 and ash wood chips in both liquid and solid states. Raman analysis showed that the amorphous structure of HDPE was degraded by enzymes produced by TBB-03. Overall, TBB-03 is a promising resource for the biodegradation of HDPE, and this work sheds light on further applications for fungus-based plastic degradation systems.

Bioenergy II: Biological Pretreatment with Fungi as a Tool for Improvement of the Enzymatic Saccharification of Eucalyptus globulus Labill to Obtain Bioethanol

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
René Carmona ◽  
María Elena Lienqueo ◽  
Oriana Salazar ◽  
Alejandro García
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Biological Pretreatment ◽  
Weight Losses ◽  
Fungal Pretreatment ◽  
Stereum Hirsutum ◽  
Control Samples

This study is focused on the effect of the application of biological pretreatment of Eucalyptus globulus Labill wood pieces on the cellulose digestibility by depolymerizing enzymes. Wood chips were incubated with five different white-rot fungi (WRF) for 30, 45 and 60 days at 25°C. The effect of the fungal action was determined as weight losses, changes in chemical composition and released sugars in the wood chips. Enzymatic hydrolysis was conducted in a discontinuous reactor at 37°C, using a commercial cellulase preparation from Trichoderma reesei. The enzyme/substrate ratio was 0.04 g/g. The highest weight losses were obtained using Stereum hirsutum and Lentinus edodes for all the incubation times, reaching 27.2% and 25.8% at 60 days, respectively. The lowest weight losses were produced by Coriolus versicolor and Pleurotus ostreatus, reaching 6.0 and 9.1%, respectively after 60 days. For all the tested fungi, the yield of reducing sugars and glucose increased significantly over the untreated controls, with Stereum hirsutum producing after 30 days pretreatment the best values (140 mM reducing sugars and 53 mM glucose); after this time no additional increments were observed. Pre-treated wood pieces showed changes in chemical composition in comparison to control samples. Total extractable substances contents are higher in wood pieces subjected to fungal action. However, lignin and alpha-cellulose values are lower in comparison to control samples. Some net holocellulose consumption could be observed, mainly during pretreatment with S. hirsutum by 45 and 60 days. Altogether these results support the potential of Eucalyptus globulus pre-treatment with S. hirsutum and L. edodes by periods not longer than 30 days, as a tool to increase the wood accessibility to depolymerizing action of hydrolytic enzymes. This preliminary study contributes to the identification of fungal pretreatment conditions for more effective cellulose degradation, a vital step in the utilization of monomer sugars process from cellulose to produce ethanol. Additional analysis of the solid and liquid fractions after saccharification is necessary to complement this information.

PCB’s Biotransformation by a White-Rot Fungus Under Composting and Liquid Culture Conditions

2002 ◽  
pp. 287-297
Author(s):  
G. Ruiz-Aguilar ◽  
J. Fernández-Sánchez ◽  
R. Rodríguez-Vázquez ◽  
H. M. Poggi-Varaldo ◽  
F. Esparza-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus

Methane fermentation of Japanese cedar wood pretreated with a white rot fungus, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora

2006 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudianto Amirta ◽  
Toshiaki Tanabe ◽  
Takahito Watanabe ◽  
Yoichi Honda ◽  
Masaaki Kuwahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Cedar ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Methane Fermentation ◽  
Ceriporiopsis Subvermispora

Laboratory and mill scale evaluation of biopulping of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden with Phanerochaete chrysosporium RP-78 under non-aseptic conditions

Holzforschung ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Masarin ◽  
Paulo C. Pavan ◽  
Marcos P. Vicentim ◽  
Priscila B. Souza-Cruz ◽  
Clarice Loguercio-Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Industrial Test ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Scale Evaluation ◽  
Subsequent Step ◽  
Aseptic Conditions ◽  
Chemithermomechanical Pulping

Abstract Biopulping of Eucalyptus grandis wood chips with Phanerochaete chrysosporium RP-78 was evaluated under non-aseptic conditions in laboratory and mill wood-yard. The ability of P. chrysosporium to compete with indigenous fungi present in fresh wood chips was notorious under controlled laboratory experiments. A subsequent step involved an industrial test performed with 10-ton of fresh wood chips inoculated and maintained at 37±3°C for 39 days in a biopulping pilot plant. Biotreated wood chips were pulped in a chemithermomechanical pulping mill. Net energy consumption during refining was 745 kWh ton-1 and 610 kWh ton-1 of processed pulp for control and biotreated wood chips, respectively. Accordingly, 18.5% net energy saving could be achieved. Biopulps contained lower shive content and had improved strength properties compared to control pulps. Tensile index improved from 25±1 N m g-1 to 33.6±0.5 N m g-1 and delamination strength from 217±19 kPa to 295±30 kPa.

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