Laboratory and mill scale evaluation of biopulping of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden with Phanerochaete chrysosporium RP-78 under non-aseptic conditions

Holzforschung ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Masarin ◽  
Paulo C. Pavan ◽  
Marcos P. Vicentim ◽  
Priscila B. Souza-Cruz ◽  
Clarice Loguercio-Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Industrial Test ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Scale Evaluation ◽  
Subsequent Step ◽  
Aseptic Conditions ◽  
Chemithermomechanical Pulping

Abstract Biopulping of Eucalyptus grandis wood chips with Phanerochaete chrysosporium RP-78 was evaluated under non-aseptic conditions in laboratory and mill wood-yard. The ability of P. chrysosporium to compete with indigenous fungi present in fresh wood chips was notorious under controlled laboratory experiments. A subsequent step involved an industrial test performed with 10-ton of fresh wood chips inoculated and maintained at 37±3°C for 39 days in a biopulping pilot plant. Biotreated wood chips were pulped in a chemithermomechanical pulping mill. Net energy consumption during refining was 745 kWh ton-1 and 610 kWh ton-1 of processed pulp for control and biotreated wood chips, respectively. Accordingly, 18.5% net energy saving could be achieved. Biopulps contained lower shive content and had improved strength properties compared to control pulps. Tensile index improved from 25±1 N m g-1 to 33.6±0.5 N m g-1 and delamination strength from 217±19 kPa to 295±30 kPa.

Alkaline-sulfite chemithermomechanical pulping of Eucalyptus grandis biotreated by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora under varied culture conditions

Holzforschung ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Paulo Vicentim ◽  
André Ferraz
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Length ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Ceriporiopsis Subvermispora ◽  
Fungal Pretreatment ◽  
Chemithermomechanical Pulping

Abstract The effect of different culture conditions have been evaluated concerning the extracellular enzyme activities of the white-rot fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora growing on Eucalyptus grandis wood. The consequence of the varied fungal pretreatment on a subsequent chemithermomechanical pulping (CTMP) was addressed. In all cultures, manganese peroxidase (MnP) and xylanase were the predominant extracellular enzymes. The biopulping efficiency was evaluated based on the amount of fiber bundles obtained after the first fiberizing step and the fibrillation levels of refined pulps. It was found that the MnP levels in the cultures correlated positively with the biopulping benefits. On the other hand, xylanase and total oxalate levels did not vary significantly. Accordingly, it was not possible to determine whether MnP accomplishes the effect alone or depends on synergic action of other extracellular agents. Pulp strength and fiber size distribution were also evaluated. The average fiber length of CTMP pulps prepared from untreated wood chips was 623 μm. Analogous values were observed for most of the biopulps; however, significant amounts of shorter fibers were found in the biopulp prepared from wood chips biotreated in cultures supplemented with glucose plus corn-steep liquor. Despite evidence of reduced average fiber length, biopulps prepared from these wood chips presented the highest improvement in tensile indexes (+28% at 23° Schopper-Riegler).

Evaluation of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden biopulping with Ceriporiopsis subvermispora under non-aseptic conditions

Holzforschung ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Masarin ◽  
André Ferraz
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Wood Chip ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Ceriporiopsis Subvermispora ◽  
Aseptic Conditions

Abstract In biopulping, efficient wood colonization by a selected white-rot fungus depends on previous wood chip decontamination to avoid the growth of primary molds. Although simple to perform in the laboratory, in large-scale biopulping trials, complete wood decontamination is difficult to achieve. Furthermore, the use of fungal growth promoters such as corn steep liquor enhances the risk of culture contamination. This paper evaluates the ability of the biopulping fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora to compete with indigenous fungi in cultures of fresh or poorly decontaminated Eucalyptus grandis wood chips. While cultures containing autoclaved wood chips were completely free of contaminants, primary molds grew rapidly when non-autoclaved wood chips were used, resulting in heavily contaminated cultures, regardless of the C. subvermispora inoculum/wood ratio evaluated (5, 50 and 3000 mg mycelium kg−1 wood). Studies on benomyl-amended medium suggested that the fungi involved competed by consumption of the easily available nutrient sources, with C. subvermispora less successful than the contaminant fungi. The use of acid-washed wood chips decreased the level of such contaminant fungi, but production of manganese peroxidase and xylanases was also decreased under these conditions. Nevertheless, chemithermomechanical pulping of acid-washed samples biotreated under non-aseptic conditions gave similar fibrillation improvements compared to samples subjected to the standard biodegradation process using autoclaved wood chips.

Study on Particleboard made from Nipa palm (Nypa fruticans) stem wood and Rajkoroi (Albizia richardiana) wood

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Md. Mahabubur Rahaman ◽  
◽  
Khurshid Akhter ◽  
S. Hossain ◽  
Md. Rakibul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Standard Specification ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Nypa Fruticans ◽  
Albizia Richardiana ◽  
Nipa Palm

The study was conducted to find out the suitability of making particleboard using nipa palm (Nypa fruticans) stem wood and rajkoroi (Albizia richardiana) wood chips. Particleboards were fabricated at six different ratios of nipa palm stem and rajkoroi wood chips such as 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, 10:90 and 0:100. Characteristics of particleboards such as modulus of rupture, internal bond strength, water absorption, thickness swelling and moisture content were measured. Results shows that particleboards made from 100% rajkoroi wood chips have the highest static bending properties and highest tensile strength properties of other particleboards but 100% nipa palm stem wood chips have the lowest static bending and lowest tensile strength properties of other particleboards. 10% nipa palm stem wood chips particleboard have the highest bending strength and tensile strength is better than 100% nipa palm stem wood chips and other mixing chips of particleboards. Mechanical, water resistance and dimensional stability properties were tested according to Indian standard specification. Tensile strength passed the British and German standard specification and nearest to Bureau of Indian Standard, bending strength was found nearest to Indian Standard but lower than German and British Standard specification. Strength property of rajkoroi wood chips particleboard is higher than nipa palm steam wood chips particleboard but dimensional stability is lower than nipa palm steam wood chips particleboard.

scholarly journals Modification of static bending strength properties of Eucalyptus grandis heat-treated wood

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 922-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Henrique Gonzalez de Cademartori ◽  
Eduardo Schneid ◽  
Darci Alberto Gatto ◽  
Rafael Beltrame ◽  
Diego Martins Stangerlin
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Heat Treated

scholarly journals Effect of compression refining on fiber properties

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 8696-8707
Author(s):  
Jari Käyhkö ◽  
Eero Hiltunen ◽  
Yrjö Hiltunen ◽  
Ekaterina Nikolskaya ◽  
Lauri Kulmala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Fiber Properties ◽  
Nmr Method ◽  
Low Field ◽  
Softwood Pulp

This article shows how fiber properties obtained by the compression refining of bleached softwood pulp refined using a KID 300 refiner differs from traditional bar refining. A KID refiner is a stone crusher that has been modified to refine fiber, and it offers a refining method that could be used at the mill scale. This study showed that compression refining caused more internal fibrillation compared with blade refining and improved the pulp’s ability to be beaten. Net energy consumption in compression refining was less than that of bar refining. Compression refining yielded pulp with shorter fibers and a higher number of fines, kinks, and curves. Still, the strength properties of the paper were the same level as bar-refined pulp, probably due to the higher internal fibrillation and flexibility of the fibers. It was also shown that the low field time-domain nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR) method was capable of measuring the porosity and internal fibrillation of the fiber.

De-esterification and sulfonation in spruce CTMP: Effects on pulp and paper properties

Holzforschung ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Konn ◽  
Lari Vähäsalo ◽  
Andrey Pranovich ◽  
Bjarne Holmbom
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Middle Lamella ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Alkaline Peroxide ◽  
Chemithermomechanical Pulping ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Abstract De-esterification and sulfonation reactions, which create new anionic groups in the middle lamella and primary wall layers, are the key chemical reactions in chemithermomechanical pulping. The effects of these reactions on the resulting fibre dimensions, refining energy demand, hand-sheet bulk and strength properties were assessed by laboratory-scale chemical pre-treatments and refining of Norway spruce chips. After pre-treatments with alkaline, sulfite, alkaline sulfite and alkaline peroxide liquors, a Wing defibrator-type batch refiner was used. The refining energy was measured. The degree of alkaline hydrolysis of acetyl and methyl ester groups in galactoglucomannans (GGMs) and pectins, and the degree of lignin sulfonation were determined. Hand-sheets were prepared and their physical properties were tested. The data were subjected to multivariate analysis and the order of significance of the chemical reactions towards pulp and paper properties was estimated. Chemical pre-treatments were found to increase the fibre length and the energy demand considerably. The fibre length and width after refining were strongly influenced by lignin sulfonation and pectin demethylation. GGM deacetylation had little influence on preserving the fibre dimensions in CTMP refining. The bulk, on the other hand, was highly influenced by GGM deacetylation. Peroxide reactions in alkaline peroxide treatments had no effect on the pulp and paper properties.

Biomechanical pulping of spruce wood chips with Streptomyces cyaneus CECT 3335 and handsheet characterization

Holzforschung ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Hernández ◽  
M. Jesus Hernández-Coronado ◽  
M. Isabel Pérez ◽  
Esteban Revilla ◽  
Juan C. Villar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Content ◽  
Middle Lamella ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Fiber Network ◽  
Spruce Wood ◽  
Gradual Loss ◽  
Acid Soluble Lignin ◽  
Streptomyces Cyaneus

AbstractThe actinobacteriumStreptomyces cyaneusCECT 3335 was evaluated for its ability to delignify spruce wood chips (Picea abies) after 2 weeks of incubation prior to refiner mechanical pulping. Weight loss of the chips during the treatment ranged from 2% to 3%. Chemicalanalysis of the treated wood showed an increase in acid-soluble lignin content concomitant with a notable increase in the acid/aldehyde+ketone [AC/(AL+KE)] ratio of the lignin compared with the control. Structural alterations in wood cell walls were observed by optical and scanning microscopy using astra blue-safranin staining and cryosections stained with gold/palladium, respectively. A gradual loss of lignin from the lumen towards the middle lamella and incipient defiberization could be observed. The estimation of specific energy for the defibration and refining stages of treated pulp showed a 24% reduction in the energy required, largely due to a 30% saving in the defibration of chips. The analysis of handsheets obtained from treated pulp showed a notable improvement in some strength properties, such as breaking length, tear index and stretch. In addition, the high Gurley air resistance value indicates more packing of the voids of the fiber network. These results demonstrate for the first time the suitability ofStreptomyces cyaneusfor biomechanical pulping purposes.

NSSC pulping of fast growing trees

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graziela Baptista Vidaurre ◽  
Miguel Pereira ◽  
Walter Torezani Neto Boschetti ◽  
Rudolf Patt ◽  
Jorge Luiz Colodette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Pulp Industry ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Old Trees

Abstract Neutral sulphite semichemical pulping (NSSC) of Schizolobium amazonicum (Paricá), a fast-growing Amazonian tree, was compared with that of Eucalyptus grandis (eucalypt), one of the most important wood sources for the Brazilian pulp industry, and with mixtures of both woods in different proportions (mix). Wood chips prepared from 7-year old trees were steamed, cooked using the NSSC process and defibered in a 12” disc refiner in three stages. The paricá wood produced pulp of lower yield (75 %) than eucalypt (77 %) at 16 % sulfite/150 min/170 °C. The paricá and eucalypt pulps were bleached to about 68 and 74 % ISO brightness, respectively, by the QPFAS sequence. Paricá consumed more energy for refining in comparison with the eucalypt wood. The wood mix produced lower yield and brightness than the single species processed separately.

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