Japanese university students’ views on lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender individuals based on previous encounters

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasa Ikuta ◽  
Yuji Koike ◽  
Naoko Aoyagi ◽  
Akira Matsuzaka ◽  
Kenji Ishihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Sexual Minorities ◽  
School Life ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Japanese University ◽  
Bisexual And Transgender ◽  
Lgbt People ◽  
Japanese Youth ◽  
Lgbt Individuals

Abstract Objective: To elucidate the acceptability of sexual minorities according to Japanese youth, we conducted a survey targeting university students. Methods: Participants were second- to fourth-year students (n=945) at Ibaraki University, Japan, who were randomly chosen for the survey to measure their attitudes toward lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals. We divided the respondents into two groups: one group who had encounters with LGBT people, and one group with no such experience. Chi-square tests were used to compare responses between the groups. Results: More than 60% of the students considered LGBT people to be acceptable; the group with prior encounters had greater levels of acceptance compared to the group without such encounters. Conclusion: This is the first study to clarify the acceptability of sexual minorities among university students in Japan. Our data suggested that having contact with LGBT people in school life may help build an inclusive educational system.

scholarly journals Is LGBT progress seen as an attack on Christians?: Examining Christian/sexual orientation zero-sum beliefs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara L Wilkins ◽  
Joseph D. Wellman ◽  
Negin R. Toosi ◽  
Chad Aaron Miller ◽  
Jackie Lisnek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Freedom ◽  
Sexual Minorities ◽  
Sexual Prejudice ◽  
Intergroup Conflict ◽  
Methodist Church ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Bisexual And Transgender ◽  
Lgbt People ◽  
Zero Sum ◽  
Lgbt Individuals

As social policies have changed to grant more rights to lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals, some Christians in the U.S. have suggested that LGBT rights impede Christians’ religious freedom. Across five studies, we examined the causes and consequences of zero-sum beliefs (ZSBs) about Christians and LGBT individuals. We demonstrate that Christians’ beliefs about conflict with sexual minorities are shaped by their understandings of Christian values, social change, interpretation of the Bible, and in response to religious institutions. In Study 1, heterosexual cisgender Christians endorsed ZSBs more than other groups. Christians reported perceiving that anti-LGBT bias has decreased over time while anti-Christian bias has correspondingly increased. In Study 2, Christians’ zero-sum beliefs increased after they reflected on religious values, suggesting that intergroup conflict is seen as being a function of Christian beliefs. Study 3 confirmed the role of symbolic threat in driving ZSBs; perceived conflict was accentuated when Christians read about a changing cultural climate in which Christians’ influence is waning. An intervention using Biblical scripture to encourage acceptance successfully lowered zero-sum beliefs for mainline, but not fundamentalist Christians (Study 4). A final field study examined how ZSBs predict sexual prejudice in response to changing group norms. After a special conference in which the United Methodist Church voted to restrict LGBT people from marriage and serving as clergy, zero-sum beliefs became a stronger predictor of sexual prejudice (Study 5). We discuss the implications of Christian/LGBT ZSBs for religious freedom legislation, attitudes toward sexual minorities, and intergroup conflict more generally.

scholarly journals ‘Neither invisible nor abnormal!’ Exploring the invisibility and pathologisation of LGBT people in the Greek National Health System

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-388
Author(s):  
Dimitra Giannou ◽  
Vasilios Ioakimidis
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
National Health ◽  
Research Study ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Social Equality ◽  
Quality Healthcare ◽  
Bisexual And Transgender ◽  
Lgbt People ◽  
Lgbt Individuals

This article presents findings from a research study aiming at exploring in-depth experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) individuals and communities in the Greek healthcare system. This was the first study of its kind in Greece. Data collected from interviews with LGBT groups and individuals, as well as doctors, suggest that homophobia and transphobia are profound factors of systematic exclusion and restriction from access to good quality healthcare. Our findings suggest that within the healthcare context, LGBT people are routinely invisibilised and/or pathologised. The authors emphasise the urgent need for challenging chronic and institutionalised invisibility experienced by LGBT people as a necessary precondition of social equality and genuine universalism within the Greek Health System.

scholarly journals Revolutionary Homophobia: Explaining State Repression against Sexual Minorities

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1459-1480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Tschantret
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Minorities ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Original Data ◽  
State Repression ◽  
Bisexual And Transgender ◽  
Strategic Incentives ◽  
Lgbt People ◽  
Domestic Instability ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractWhy do unthreatening social groups become targets of state repression? Repression of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people is especially puzzling since sexual minorities, unlike many ethnic minorities, pose no credible violent challenge to the state. This article contends that revolutionary governments are disproportionately oppressive toward sexual minorities for strategic and ideological reasons. Since revolutions create domestic instability, revolutionaries face unique strategic incentives to target ‘unreliable’ groups and to demonstrate an ability to selectively punish potential dissidents by identifying and punishing ‘invisible’ groups. Moreover, revolutionary governments are frequently helmed by elites with exclusionary ideologies – such as communism, fascism and Islamism – which represent collectivities rather than individuals. Elites adhering to these views are thus likely to perceive sexual minorities as liberal, individualistic threats to their collectivist projects. Statistical analysis using original data on homophobic repression demonstrates that revolutionary governments are more likely to target LGBT individuals, and that this effect is driven by exclusionary ideologues. Case study evidence from Cuba further indicates that the posited strategic and ideological mechanisms mediate the relationship between revolutionary government and homophobic repression.

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgendered inmates

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randi Kaufman ◽  
Kevin Kapila ◽  
Kenneth L. Appelbaum
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Minority Stress ◽  
Gay Marriage ◽  
Lgbt Community ◽  
Bisexual And Transgender ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Prejudice And Discrimination ◽  
Lgbt People ◽  
Identity Expression ◽  
Lgbt Individuals

The lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) population has been, and remains, disenfranchised in many ways. Despite increasing acceptance of sexual orientation, evidenced by recent strides in legalizing gay marriage in several states, LGBT people continue to have a higher prevalence of mental illness due to minority stress than heterosexuals. Factors such as stigma, prejudice, and discrimination lead to increased incidence of mental suffering as a result of stressful, hostile, and often unsafe environments. Prejudice within the LGBT community around race, gender, disability, or mental illness also exists. Transgender individuals have a high risk of being targeted for violence and hate crimes, harassment and discrimination, unemployment and underemployment, poverty, homelessness, substance abuse, suicide, and self-harm. The stressors that LGBT individuals face likely contribute to their disproportionate risk of contact with the criminal justice system beginning in adolescence and extending into adulthood. Transgender individuals in particular have a risk for incarceration, for reasons ranging from imprisonment based on gender identity expression alone to the need to earn money through the underground economy due to difficulty finding employment. In addition to homophobia and transphobia, LGBT individuals with mental illness experience further stigmatization. Clinicians need to understand the multiple stigmas that may affect an individual’s willingness to seek mental health care. The unique needs of incarcerated LGBT individuals with mental illness are often invisible, and generally misunderstood and underserved. This chapter seeks to add to the clinical knowledge of practitioners working with this population, to clarify legal precedent, and to establish best practices.

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender inmates

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randi Kaufman ◽  
Kevin Kapila ◽  
Kenneth L. Appelbaum
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Minority Stress ◽  
Gay Marriage ◽  
Lgbt Community ◽  
Bisexual And Transgender ◽  
Transgender Inmates ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Prejudice And Discrimination ◽  
Lgbt People ◽  
Lgbt Individuals

The lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) population has been, and remains, disenfranchised in many ways. Despite increasing acceptance of sexual orientation, evidenced by recent strides in legalizing gay marriage in several states, LGBT people continue to have a higher prevalence of mental illness due to minority stress than heterosexuals. Factors such as stigma, prejudice, and discrimination lead to increased incidence of mental suffering as a result of stressful, hostile, and often unsafe environments. Prejudice within the LGBT community around race, gender, disability, or mental illness also exists. Transgender individuals have a high risk of being targeted for violence and hate crimes, harassment and discrimination, unemployment and underemployment, poverty, homelessness, substance abuse, suicide, and self-harm. The stressors that LGBT individuals face likely contribute to their disproportionate risk of contact with the criminal justice system beginning in adolescence and extending into adulthood. Transgender individuals in particular have a risk for incarceration, for reasons ranging from imprisonment based on gender identity expression alone to the need to earn money through the underground economy due to difficulty finding employment. In addition to homophobia and transphobia, LGBT individuals with mental illness experience further stigmatization. Clinicians need to understand the multiple stigmas that may affect an individual’s willingness to seek mental health care. The unique needs of incarcerated LGBT individuals with mental illness are often invisible, and generally misunderstood and underserved. This chapter seeks to add to the clinical knowledge of practitioners working with this population, to clarify legal precedent, and to establish best practices.

scholarly journals Impact of sleep problems on daytime function in school life: a cross-sectional study involving Japanese university students

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Momoko Kayaba ◽  
Toshiko Matsushita ◽  
Minori Enomoto ◽  
Chieko Kanai ◽  
Noriko Katayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
School Life ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Japanese University ◽  
Daytime Function
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