Electrocatalytic performance of sonochemically synthesized Pt–Ni/C nanoparticles in fuel cell application

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar Polagani ◽  
Prashant L. Suryawanshi ◽  
Shirish H. Sonawane ◽  
Mahendra Chinthala
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Pt Nanoparticles ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Fuel Cell Application ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Developing high-performance electrocatalysts using simple and controllable methods is of interest to reduce the cost of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. In this study, platinum is alloyed with nickel and supported on carbon (Pt–Ni/C) via an ultrasound-assisted route. The crystallite and particle sizes of the obtained nanoparticles were smaller than the commercial carbon-supported Pt nanoparticles. The sonochemically synthesized Pt–Ni/C nanoparticles exhibited superior electrocatalytic properties than the commercial Pt/C nanoparticles in the fuel cell operation. Electrochemical measurements performed with Pt–Ni/C electrocatalyst displayed excellent oxygen reduction and higher electrochemical active surface area (EASA). Optimum fuel cell performance based on peak power density using Pt–Ni/C electrocatalyst was observed as 0.28 W/cm2 at 0.39 V.

Effect of Humidity on PEM Fuel Cell Performance: Part I — Experiments

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. K. Lee ◽  
J. W. Van Zee ◽  
S. Shimpalee ◽  
S. Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Flow Channels ◽  
The Given ◽  
Operating Cell

Abstract It is well known that proper water management inside a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell is essential for obtaining high performance. Insufficient water lowers the conductivity of the membrane and yields low currents at a fixed voltage whereas excess water leads to flooding of the electrode and low currents at a fixed voltage due to a decreased reaction area. Typically the internal hydration is adjusted by the inlet humidity of the feed streams however the optimum depends on the given membrane and electrode assembly. As a first step in predicting this optimum a priori, data are presented for a 10-cm2 test cell with serpentine flow channels. Currents were measured for various unsaturated inlet humidity conditions, at different cell voltages, and for various operating cell temperatures. Data on the closure of water balances are presented and used to quantify the humidity effects on the current. These experimental data provide a basis for the numerical simulations presented in part II of this paper.

scholarly journals Lifetime Prediction of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell under Automotive Load Cycling Using a Physically-Based Catalyst Degradation Model

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manik Mayur ◽  
Mathias Gerard ◽  
Pascal Schott ◽  
Wolfgang Bessler
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Catalyst Layer ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Multiscale Simulation ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane

One of the bottlenecks hindering the usage of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell technology in automotive applications is the highly load-sensitive degradation of the cell components. The cell failure cases reported in the literature show localized cell component degradation, mainly caused by flow-field dependent non-uniform distribution of reactants. The existing methodologies for diagnostics of localized cell failure are either invasive or require sophisticated and expensive apparatus. In this study, with the help of a multiscale simulation framework, a single polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) model is exposed to a standardized drive cycle provided by a system model of a fuel cell car. A 2D multiphysics model of the PEMFC is used to investigate catalyst degradation due to spatio-temporal variations in the fuel cell state variables under the highly transient load cycles. A three-step (extraction, oxidation, and dissolution) model of platinum loss in the cathode catalyst layer is used to investigate the cell performance degradation due to the consequent reduction in the electro-chemical active surface area (ECSA). By using a time-upscaling methodology, we present a comparative prediction of cell end-of-life (EOL) under different driving behavior of New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) and Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Cycle (WLTC).

Ion Beam Modification of Pt Electrocatalyst Nanoparticles for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

2009 ◽  
Vol 1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Yamaki ◽  
Shunya Yamamoto ◽  
Teruyuki Hakoda ◽  
Hiroshi Koshikawa
Keyword(s):  
Ion Beam ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Pt Nanoparticles ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Hydrogen Desorption ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Irradiation Effect ◽  
Energy Beam ◽  
Ion Beam Modification ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane

AbstractPlatinum (Pt) nanoparticles were prepared on a glassy carbon plate by a sputtering method and then irradiated with proton (H+) beams at energies of 0.38 and 10 MeV at room temperature. Cyclic voltammetry in an aqueous 0.5 mol/dm3 H2SO4 solution suggested that the lower-energy beam irradiation enhanced the active surface area of the Pt nanoparticles, calculated from the coulombic charge for hydrogen desorption. Thus, the nanoparticles would be modified by H+ beam-induced electronic excitation so that they have higher surface activity. The mechanism of this irradiation effect seems to be rather complicated and is still unclear at present, but we may discuss it in relation to a change in the interfacial crystal structure during the irradiation.

scholarly journals Highly durable Pt-free fuel cell catalysts prepared by multi-step pyrolysis of Fe phthalocyanine and phenolic resin

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1400-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuta Nabae ◽  
Mayu Sonoda ◽  
Chiharu Yamauchi ◽  
Yo Hosaka ◽  
Ayano Isoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Cathode Catalyst ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Fuel Cell Catalysts

A Pt-free cathode catalyst for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells has been developed by multi-step pyrolysis of Fe phthalocyanine and phenolic resin and shows a quite promising fuel cell performance.

An Experimental Investigation of the Effects of the Environmental Conditions and the Channel Depth for an Air-Breathing Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Hun Park ◽  
Jerald A. Caton
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Channel Depth ◽  
Air Breathing ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane

The effects of the environmental conditions and the channel depth for an air-breathing polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell were investigated experimentally. The fuel cell used in this work included a membrane and electrode assembly, which possessed an active area of 25 cm2 with Nafion® 117 membrane. Triple serpentine designs for the flow fields with two different flow depths were used in this research. The experimental results indicated that the relative humidity and temperature play an important role with respect to fuel cell performance. The fuel cell needs to be operated at least 20 min to obtain stable performance. When the shallow flow field was used, the performance increased dramatically for low humidity and slightly for high humidity. The current density was obtained around only 120 mA/cm2 at 30°C with an 80% relative humidity, which was nearly double the performance for the deep flow field. The minimum operating temperature for an air-breathing fuel cell would be 20°C. When it was 10°C at 60% relative humidity, the open circuit voltage dropped to around 0.65 V. The fuel cell performance improved with increasing relative humidity from 80% to 100% at high current density.

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