Optimum Location of Voltage Regulators in the Radial Distribution Systems
Abstract In this paper, a new heuristic algorithm is proposed for the optimum voltage control, which is applicable for the large Radial Distribution Systems (RDSs). In the RDSs, voltage levels at different buses can be maintained within the specified limits using the conductor grading or placing the Voltage Regulators (VRs) and capacitors at suitable locations. The proposed Back Tracking Algorithm (BTA) proposes the optimal location, number and tap positions of VRs to maintain the voltage profile within the desired limits and decreases losses in the system, which in turn maximizes the net savings in the operation of distribution system. In addition to BTA, an approach using the fuzzy logic called Fuzzy Expert System (FES) is also proposed, and the results of FES are compared with the results of BTA. This heuristic algorithm proposes the optimal location and tap setting of VRs, which contributes a smooth voltage profile along the network. It also used to access the minimum number of initially considered VRs, by moving them in such way as to control the network voltage at minimum possible cost. It is concluded that the FES also gives the optimal placement and the number along with the tap settings of VRs. The proposed FES contributes good voltage regulation, and decreases the power loss which in turn increases the net savings when compared to the BTA. The effectiveness of the proposed heuristic approaches are examined on practical 47 bus and 69 bus Radial Distribution Systems (RDSs).