Cloacal Membrane

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Duffus ◽  
Michael Schwenk ◽  
Douglas M. Templeton
Keyword(s):  
Cloacal Membrane

A HUMAN EMBRYO OF TWO TO THREE PAIRS OF SOMITES

1945 ◽  
Vol 23e (6) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph F. Shaner
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Human Embryo ◽  
Primitive Streak ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
Caudal Part ◽  
No Tail ◽  
Cloacal Membrane ◽  
Otic Placode ◽  
Umbilical Arteries

A description is given of a human embryo with two to three pairs of somites and about 25 days old. In general the embryo tallies with the few other human embryos of the same stage hitherto described. It has a well developed head fold, but no tail fold. Its neural groove is everywhere open. There is a minute neurenteric canal, a long primitive streak, and long cloacal membrane. The last is degenerate in its caudal part. The optic primordium is faint, but a clear otic placode is present. Between the two extends a neural crest, the earliest on record. A slight fore-gut is present, ending in an oral membrane. There is a long tubular allantois. The notochord is strap-like, issuing from a Henson's node and ending in a prechordal plate. Two well developed pairs of somites appear with the beginning of a third. The mesoderm is split to contain two body cavities, which join beneath the fore-gut. The yolk sac is partly covered with blood islands. There are two definite umbilical arteries and traces of umbilical veins. Solid strands of angioblastic tissue beneath the fore-gut are the only signs of a heart. Scattered indications of body vessels also occur.

Early prenatal diagnosis of the OEIS complex with different appearance in early compared with late pregnancy before spontaneous rupture of the cloacal membrane

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 803-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Mallmann ◽  
Heiko Reutter ◽  
Annegret Geipel ◽  
Christoph Berg ◽  
Ulrich Gembruch
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Spontaneous Rupture ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Cloacal Membrane

Apoptosis Fenestrates Chick Cloacal Membrane and Occluded Rectal Cord and May Have a Minor Role in Removal of Pharyngeal Membranesa

1998 ◽  
Vol 857 (1 MORPHOGENESIS) ◽  
pp. 268-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. MILLER ◽  
C. CLARK ◽  
R. COONEY ◽  
E. CRARY ◽  
W. PAYZANT
Keyword(s):  
Minor Role ◽  
Cloacal Membrane ◽  
A Minor

scholarly journals Bifid phallus with complete duplication and a separate scrotum in a German shepherd dog: a case report

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 226-230
Author(s):  
M. Karabagli ◽  
B. Karan ◽  
U. Ugurlu ◽  
Z. Mutlu ◽  
F. Yildirim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
German Shepherd ◽  
First Report ◽  
German Shepherd Dog ◽  
Cloacal Membrane ◽  
Rare Congenital Abnormality ◽  
Early Developmental

Diphallia or penile duplication is a rare congenital abnormality thought to result from duplication of the cloacal membrane in the early developmental stages in the uterus. The present case concerned a 4-year old intact male German shepherd dog. The patient presented with a complaint of paraphimosis. Clinical, laboratory, radiological and ultrasonographic examinations were carried out. Semen samples collected prior to surgery were examined. Following amputation, the penis with paraphimosis was sent for histopathological investigation. Karyotype analysis of the patient was also performed. As well as the first report of this abnormality in Turkey, this case report represents the first report of this condition in a German shepherd dog.

scholarly journals The Cutaneous Ciliated Cyst in Young Male: The Possibility of Ciliated Cutaneous Eccrine Cyst

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngjoon Kim ◽  
Hyunjung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Metaplasia ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Left Shoulder ◽  
Cloacal Membrane ◽  
Er Positive ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies ◽  
Ciliated Cyst

Cutaneous ciliated cyst was described as a painless cyst occurring on the lower limbs of women between the ages of 15 and 30 years. The cysts are typically lined by ciliated cuboidal to columnar epithelium with pseudostratified areas and focal squamous metaplasia is occasionally present. Immunohistochemical studies have demonstrated that the cysts are PR and ER positive, similar to the epithelia of the fallopian tubes. However, outliers of cutaneous ciliated cysts, including those in male patients and in unexpected locations such as the scalp, finger, and scapular area, have been reported. Thus, some hypotheses have been proposed including the Mullerian heterotopias, ciliated metaplasia of eccrine sweat glands, and embryonic remnants of the cloacal membrane. We report a rare case of cutaneous ciliated cyst on the left shoulder of a 7-year-old boy and this is the eighth case of cutaneous ciliated cyst in male patients. Moreover, through reviewing the articles, we try to propose the classification of the cutaneous ciliated cysts into the cutaneous Mullerian cysts and the ciliated cutaneous eccrine cysts.

Association of Cloacal Anomalies, Caudal Duplication, and Twinning

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph R. Siebert ◽  
Joe C. Rutledge ◽  
Raj P Kapur
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall Defect ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Cloacal Exstrophy ◽  
Female Fetus ◽  
Wall Defect ◽  
Cloacal Membrane ◽  
Organizing Center ◽  
Ultrasound Technology ◽  
Cloacal Anomalies

Cloacal anomalies exhibit a wide variety of morphologic types and accompanying clinical severity. The association of malformations of the cloaca with partial, complete, or conjoined twinning has been appreciated for some time, but, with the advent of prenatal ultrasound technology, appears to occur with a greater frequency than once thought. This observation has important implications for pathogenesis. We present 2 representative cases, a 19-week-old female fetus with duplication of several caudal structures and a 21-week-old male fetus with cloacal exstrophy variant and demised co-twin with lower abdominal wall defect, extruded intestinal tract, absent external genitalia, and imperforate anus. These findings and previously published theories suggest that certain models of monozygotic twinning may apply to the pathogenesis of cloacal anomalies. Specifically, the partial or complete duplication of the organizing center within a single embryonic disc may increase the risk of mesodermal insufficiency and thus account for the failure of complete development of the cloacal membrane and consequent exstrophy or other aberration.

Common (“Classical”) and Covered Cloacal Exstrophy: A Histopathological Study and a Reconstruction of the Pathogenesis

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 430-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.C.J. van der Putte ◽  
W.G.M. Spliet ◽  
P.G.J. Nikkels
Keyword(s):  
Normal Development ◽  
Primitive Streak ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Current Idea ◽  
Extraembryonic Tissue ◽  
Cloacal Exstrophy ◽  
Current Opinion ◽  
Cloacal Membrane ◽  
Blind Ending ◽  
Autopsy Specimens

Current opinion about structure and pathogenesis of cloacal exstrophy was challenged by histopathological findings and new insights into the normal development. Autopsy specimens of common ( n = 3) and covered cloacal exstrophy ( n = 4) with single intraexstrophic and -perineal phallic structures and perineo-exstrophic canals have been analyzed histopathologically. The findings were correlated to normal development to reconstruct the pathogenesis. By identifying a specific cloaca-derived urethra field as distinct from allantois-derived bladder fields, the exstrophic area is found to reflect the original hindgut configuration in embryos of approximately 26–29 postovulatory days gestational age (2–4 mm). Correlation to normal development suggests malfunctioning of the primitive streak/caudal eminence as a primary fault that leads to a defective cloacal region in the hindgut disturbing cloacal-intestinal-allantoic dissociation and also causes lengthening of the intestinal region into a blind-ending colon, teratoma-like lesions, and vertebral and muscular anomalies. The current idea that membranes in “covered cloacal exstrophy” represent persisting cloacal membranes is dismissed by finding an amnion-like structure, which suggests dysfunction of an umbilical ring placode as a simultaneous 2nd fault. This malfunctioning may cause omphalocele by defective demarcation of the umbilical cord and may replace midline stroma of the infraumbilical abdominal wall by extraembryonic tissue that stretches into a weak temporary membrane, may leave a perineo-extrophic canal, and may allow the formation of a single perineal or intraexstrophic phallus. Malfunctioning without replacement may result in a purely epithelial “allantoic” membrane, which by disintegrating in combination with the cloacal membrane will expose common cloacal exstrophy.

scholarly journals Cutaneous ciliated cyst: A case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-297
Author(s):  
Yutika Amin ◽  
Kalpana Arora ◽  
Shubhangi Rairikar ◽  
Sanjay Patil
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Metaplasia ◽  
Columnar Epithelium ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Cloacal Membrane ◽  
Er Positive ◽  
The Right ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Glands ◽  
Ciliated Cyst

Cutaneous ciliated cyst are relatively rare benign lesions, found in the dermis or subcutis of the lower extremities of young females in their second and third decades. The cysts are typically lined by ciliated cuboidal to columnar epithelium, showing pseudostratified areas and focal squamous metaplasia is occasionally present. Immunohistochemical studies have demonstrated that the cysts can be PR and ER positive, similar to the epithelia of the fallopian tubes. The pathogenesis of the cyst is yet being studied, some hypotheses have been proposed including the Mullerian heterotopias, ciliated metaplasia of eccrine sweat glands, and embryonic remnants of the cloacal membrane. We report a cutaneous ciliated cyst over the right gluteus area in a 29 year old female. On histologic examination, the cyst was lined by ciliated columnar epithelium, showing occasional papillary projections.

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