Use of Genetic Test Information in Life Insurance: An Evaluation of Different Regulatory Models

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Otlowski
Keyword(s):  
Life Insurance ◽  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
Genetic Test ◽  
Genome Project ◽  
Test Information ◽  
Life Planning ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The Human Genome Project ◽  
Regulatory Models

IntroductionThe new knowledge from the Human Genome Project has created much interest and anticipation of improved health for the population. A significant aspect of this has been the expanded use of genetic testing to identify whether a person has the affected gene and is therefore at risk of developing a particular condition or, in the case of conditions inherited on an autosomal dominant basis, establishing that a person is presymptomatic of a condition that they will almost certainly develop. Whilst knowledge of genetic risk can be of great benefit, in allowing life-planning in the knowledge of that risk, and in some cases, taking of preventative measures, concerns have been generated about the availability of genetic test information, and the use that commercial third parties may seek to make of this information.

scholarly journals Genetic testing, life insurance, and adverse selection

1997 ◽  
Vol 352 (1357) ◽  
pp. 1063-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Adverse Selection ◽  
Life Insurance ◽  
Genetic Test ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Commercial Activity ◽  
Genetic Tests ◽  
Test Information ◽  
Insurance Policies ◽  
The Uk

Life insurance is a key element of the UK social structure in terms of family protection and house purchase; it thus needs to be viewed in this broad context, rather that solely as a commercial activity. Insurers have not so far actively requested genetic tests for life insurance, but have insisted on knowing of and being able to act on existing genetic test information. The main reason given for this has been to avoid servious adverse selection; however, this has never been adequately estimated. Review of the different major categories of Medelian genetic disorders suggests that the scope for adverse selection is extremely limited and that insurers would lose little, and possibly gain more, by foregoing the disclosure and use of this information in relation to life insurance policies of ‘normal’ size and nature. The likely future use in service of genetic tests based on susceptibility or population screening makes it especially important that the issue is rapidly resolved for Menelian disorders; so far there is no sign that insurers are willing to achieve this.

Molecular diagnostics in routine practice: quality issues and application to complex disease

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon A.A. Ferns ◽  
David O'Dowd ◽  
Gwen Wark ◽  
Nadine Collins
Keyword(s):  
Complex Disease ◽  
Genetic Test ◽  
Genome Project ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Test Results ◽  
The Public ◽  
Multifactorial Diseases ◽  
Genetic Test Results ◽  
The Human Genome Project ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles

The public already has concerns about 'the new genetics', and it is clear that confidence can only be maintained by scrupulous attention to quality. Standards can be improved by harmonization of methods, discouraging poor practice and using appropriate internal and external quality controls. At present, despite the profound implications of genetic test results, few genetic tests are subject to sufficient scrutiny. The Human Genome Project will lead to the identification of numerous genetic variations contributing to multifactorial diseases, and high-throughput technologies will permit the generation of disease-susceptibility profiles. Clinical laboratories will need to develop the wherewithal to handle these data and present them in a format that is clinically useful.

Primer in Genetics and Genomics, Article 4—Inheritance Patterns

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa B. Aiello ◽  
Beth Desaretz Chiatti
Keyword(s):  
Human Genome ◽  
Human Genome Project ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
Mendelian Inheritance ◽  
Genome Project ◽  
Red Flags ◽  
Multifactorial Inheritance ◽  
Genetics And Genomics ◽  
The Human Genome Project

Since the completion of the Human Genome Project, much has been uncovered about inheritance of various illnesses and disorders. There are two main types of inheritance: Mendelian and non-Mendelian. Mendelian inheritance includes autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked, and Y-linked inheritance. Non-Mendelian inheritance includes mitochondrial and multifactorial inheritance. Nurses must understand the types of inheritance in order to identify red flags that may indicate the possibility of a hereditary disorder in a patient or family.

scholarly journals Application of Artificial Intelligence for Medical Research

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Ryuji Hamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Medical Research ◽  
Human Genome ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Human Genome Project ◽  
Genome Project ◽  
International Consortium ◽  
The Human Genome Project

The Human Genome Project, completed in 2003 by an international consortium, is considered one of the most important achievements for mankind in the 21st century [...]

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